This paper studies the problem of three dimensional tracking control of rolling guided projectile. Via the feedback linearization method, the motion model of the guided projectile is simplified to a ...nonlinear second order subsystem considering vertical and lateral according to the motion characteristics and aerodynamic. Based on the fast terminal sliding mode manifold and adaptive method, an adaptive finite-time tracking control scheme is proposed which uses adaptive law to handle the unknown upper bound of external disturbances. Lyapunov theory is employed to prove the stability of the system under the proposed control scheme. Also the numerical simulations are carried out to further verify the effectiveness of the tracking control scheme.
Juvenile soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) were fed diets containing 10 levels (0.8, 3.0, 5.0, 7.8, 9.0, 10.9, 20.4, 41.8, 78.6, 158 mg/kg diet) of copper (Cu) for 16 weeks. Turtles fed ...5.0 mg Cu/kg achieved the best growth performance and the highest hematological values among all dietary groups. Growth was reduced significantly when dietary copper exceeded 20 mg/kg. Using the broken-line model with growth and hematological parameters as the dependent variables, the dietary Cu requirement of soft-shelled turtle was estimated to be 4.4–4.8 mg Cu/kg diet. Copper, iron, zinc and selenium concentrations in turtle liver were found to be influenced by dietary Cu level. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in liver tissue of turtles fed diets containing 78.6–158 mg Cu/kg were higher (P<0.05) than those fed diets containing less copper. Furthermore, diets containing more than 20 mg Cu/kg significantly impaired growth and hematology of soft-shelled turtles, indicating the dietary Cu tolerance above the requirement may be as low as 4 fold (20 vs. 5 mg/kg). Based on the results of this study, a dietary Cu level of 4–5 mg/kg is recommended for soft-shelled turtles.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The reaction of 60fullerene with α-amino acids and aldehydes affording N-unsubstituted 2,5-disubstituted fulleropyrrolidines was reinvestigated. The previously reported stereochemistry should be ...reassigned. A reversible interconversion between the cis and trans stereoisomers of fulleropyrrolidines was observed for the first time.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
A new pyrene derivative BF bearing a furan group was synthesized via a one-step reaction as a colorimetric and ratiometric chemosensor for Al3＋ in ethanol-H20 （9：1, v/v, pH 7.2, HEPES buffer） ...solution. This chemosensor could selectively recognize Al3＋ in the presence of other competing ions. Low limit of detection （LOD） and high association constant revealed its superior sensitivity and binding affinity toward Al3＋, Besides, the probe BF performed perfectly in a reversibility test using EDTA. The mechanism of the interaction has been confirmed by 1H NMR titration. Importantly, chemosensor BF has also been utilized to detect Al3＋ on test paper strips, which showed its ootential for practical applications.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B viruses have co-circulated in the human population since the swine-origin human H1N1 pandemic in 2009. While infections of these subtypes generally cause mild ...illnesses, lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) occurs in a portion of children and required hospitalization. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of these three subtypes and compare the clinical manifestations in hospitalized children with LRTI in Guangzhou, China during the post-pandemic period.
Children hospitalized with LRTI from January 2010 to December 2012 were tested for influenza A/B virus infection from their throat swab specimens using real-time PCR and the clinical features of the positive cases were analyzed.
Of 3637 hospitalized children, 216 (5.9%) were identified as influenza A or B positive. Infection of influenza virus peaked around March in Guangzhou each year from 2010 to 2012, and there were distinct epidemics of each subtype. Influenza A(H3N2) infection was more frequently detected than A(H1N1)pdm09 and B, overall. The mean age of children with influenza A virus (H1N1/H3N2) infection was younger than those with influenza B (34.4 months/32.5 months versus 45 months old; p<0.005). Co-infections of influenza A/ B with mycoplasma pneumoniae were found in 44/216 (20.3%) children.
This study contributes the understanding to the prevalence of seasonal influenza viruses in hospitalized children with LRTI in Guangzhou, China during the post pandemic period. High rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae co-infection with influenza viruses might contribute to severe disease in the hospitalized children.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We develop a high-performance supercapacitor based on hierarchical porous graphene fabric with microfluidic assembly and chemical etching methods. Due to the open porous backbone, ordered pathway, ...large accessible surface, interfused network, high mechanical flexibility and mass production, the supercapacitors deliver high energy density, good capacitance, long-term washable/deformable stabilities, and can be implemented in wearable and self-powered applications.
Display omitted
•Large scale production of graphene fibers-based fabric.•Chemical etching and microfluidic assembly are applied to prepare fabric.•The fabric possesses hierarchical open pores, large SSA, and high mechanical flexibility.•The flexible supercapacitor presents high energy density and actual applications.
Advanced fabric with ordered structures, unimpeded ionic channels, and high mechanical flexibility are profoundly significant for wearable supercapacitors. However, the restacking structure and weakened porosity, both of which block ionic kinetic migration and surface accessibility, result in low energy density. Here, we develop a hierarchical porous graphene fibers-assembled fabric (HP-GFF) for high-performance supercapacitors. By precisely manipulating the microfluidic assembly and chemical etching processes, the HP-GFF maintains open inter-linkage porous backbone, ordered pathways, large accessible surface (221 m2/g), high mechanical flexibility (elongation: 197%) and large production size (30 × 20 cm), which also help in facilitating electrolyte ions migration and intercalation. The resulting HP-GFF displays a large capacitance of 312.9F/g (1248.5 mF/cm2) and ultrahigh stability (60000 cycles) in H2SO4 electrolyte. Furthermore, the HP-GFF-constructed solid-state flexible supercapacitor also delivers high energy density (120.2 μWh/cm2), excellent capacitance, and washable/deformable capabilities, which are remarkably demonstrated in actually wearable and self-powered applications such as a toy boat, electrical fan and smart watch.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The novel multicomponent reaction of 60fullerene with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and isoquinoline, quinoline or substituted quinolines was investigated. This type of reaction presents the first ...example of a 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in fullerene chemistry.
In this study, human movement characteristics in the stairwell of super high-rise buildings have been investigated. Based on fire drills, a total 229 participants and 7 cases of evacuation were ...performed in Taipei 101 and New Taipei City Hall which are about 508 m and 140 m tall, respectively. Within these cases, cases 1 to 6 were carried out in Taipei 101 and case 7 was carried out in New Taipei City Hall. The processes of evacuations were recorded by the cameras and observers in the stairwells and the data were extracted out manually. The speed characteristics of occupants when evacuating down in the stairwells for various floor intervals have been presented and analyzed. The mean speeds of cases 1 to 6 measured for vertical speeds concentrate within in a range from 0.22~0.24 m/s and the walking speeds are within 0.61~0.65 m/s. In cases 1 to 6, the temporal maximum density of occupant on the stair landing was 1.8 person/m2. For case 7, the mean vertical speed and walking speed are 0.31 m/s and 0.98 m/s respectively, with the temporal maximum density of occupant on the stair landing, 1.3 person/m2. In addition, some evacuation behaviors were observed and discussed such as overtaking, group movement, and use of the cell phone, etc. In this study, the results are important for improving fundamental parameters to evacuation models in super high-rise buildings and compared with the results found from other studies for evacuees without impairment.
PDF
