Oriented inclusions of clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, sodic amphibole and rutile have been identified in garnet from the Lüliangshan garnet peridotite massif in the North Qaidam ultrahigh‐pressure ...metamorphic (UHPM) belt, northern Tibetan Plateau, NW China. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses demonstrate that nearly half of the measured intracrystalline clinopyroxene (8 out of 17) have topotactic crystallographic relationships with host garnet, that is, (100)Cpx//{112}Grt, (010)Cpx//{110}Grt and 001Cpx// Grt. One‐fifth of the oriented sodic amphibole (23 out of 110) inclusions of have topotactic crystallographic relationships with host garnet, that is, (010)Amp//{112}Grt, (100)Amp//{110}Grt and 001Amp// Grt. Over a third of rutile (36 out of 99) inclusions also show a close crystallographic orientation relationship with host garnet in that one Rt and one Rt parallel to two Grt while the axes of 001Rt exhibit small girdles centred the axes of Grt. But, no ‘well‐fit’ crystallographic relationship was observed between orthopyroxene inclusions and host garnet. Considering a very long and complex history for the Lüliangshan garnet peridotite, we suggest that the low fit rates for these oriented minerals may result from several possible assumptions including different generations or multi‐stage formation mechanisms, heterogeneous nucleation and growth under non‐equilibrium conditions, and partial changes of initial crystallographic orientations of some inclusions. However, the residual quantitative ‘well‐fit’ crystallographic information is sufficient to indicate that the nucleation and growth of many pyroxene, amphibole and rutile are controlled by the lattice of the host garnet. The revealed close topotactic relationships accompanied by clear shape orientations provide quantitative microstructural evidence demonstrating a most likely exsolution/precipitate origin for at least some of the oriented phases of pyroxene, sodic amphibole and rutile from former majoritic garnet and support an ultra‐deep (>180 km depth) origin of the Lüliangshan garnet massif.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Tensile work-hardening ability (~1.8%) was firstly obtained in an in-situ metallic glass matrix composite (MGMCs) at cryogenic temperature (77 K). It is interesting that stress-induced martensitic ...(SIM) transformation occurs at 77 K, but not at 298 K within dendrites. It is owning to the change of the competitive relationship between the dislocation slips and SIM transformation from 298 to 77 K. The formation of martensite and the special morphology formed by its segmentation effectively improve the hardening ability. The retardation of the propagating shear bands and the formation of multiple shear bands effectively decrease the softening rate.
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•The formation of martensite improve the hardening ability within dendrites at 77 K.•The high work-hardening ability is attributed to phase transformation and inhibition of softening.•The retardation of the propagating shear bands and the formation of multiple shear bands decrease the softening rate.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
ABSTRACT
Microalgae (Nannochloropsis sp., NS), with high contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and crude protein, may be one of the important n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources and ...potential protein feed ingredient. The purposes of this study were to enrich yolk with n-3 PUFA by dietary EPA-rich NS supplementation and to evaluate whether it is feasible to partly substitute for soybean meal in laying hens diet. A total of 360 37-wk-old healthy Lohmann Brown laying hens, with similar laying rate and body weight, were randomly allotted to 5 groups (6 replicates, 12 birds/replicate) and fed 5 experimental diets (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8% NS) for 4 wk. The hen performance and egg quality (except yolk color) were not affected (P > 0.05) by the NS supplemental diets. Yolk color score was increased as NS supplementation in diets (P < 0.001), and peaked on about the seventh day in all NS supplemental groups. The concentration of total n-3 PUFA was increased (P < 0.001), while total n-6 PUFA and n-6/n-3 ratio were decreased (P < 0.001) in yolk with increasing NS levels in diets. The 8% NS group had highest docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA levels, reaching 111.6 mg DHA and 148.6 mg total n-3 PUFA per egg. Maximum DHA, total n-3 PUFA, very long-chain (LC-) n-3 PUFA, and LC-PUFA levels were all observed at day 13 of NS supplementation. In conclusion, dietary NS supplementation enriched yolk with n-3 PUFA (especially DHA) and enhanced yolk color score without adverse effects on performance and egg quality, and indicated the practical feasibility of partial replacement for soybean meal in laying hens diet.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
We present the first search for the leptonic decays D * + → e + ν e and D * + → μ + ν μ by analyzing a data sample of electron-positron collisions recorded with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass ...energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb − 1 . No significant signal is observed. The upper limits on the branching fractions for D * + → e + ν e and D * + → μ + ν μ are set to be 1.1 × 10 − 5 and 4.3 × 10 − 6 at 90% confidence level, respectively. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
Lightweight Ti65(AlCrNb)35 medium-entropy alloy (Ti-65) ingots were produced through arc melting and drop casting in a water-cooled copper mold. These alloy ingots were then treated through a ...sequence of homogenization, hot rolling, cold rolling, and recrystallization. The effect of this thermomechanical treatment (TMT) on their microstructures and mechanical properties was investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction analysis through scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical testing. The XRD results demonstrated that the Ti-65 alloy maintained a body-centered cubic structure after 50% hot rolling, 70% cold rolling, and recrystallization at 900 °C, 1000 °C, and 1100 °C, respectively. The fully recrystallized sample had an 80% smaller grain size than the as-cast sample. The cold-rolled Ti-65 alloy specimen exhibited a high tensile strength of 1620 MPa. In comparison with the tensile strength of the as-cast Ti-65 sample (1100 MPa), that of the Ti-65 alloy following annealing and subsequent partial recrystallization was significantly increased (1380 MPa). This tensile strength enhancement is attributable to its heterostructure composition of deformed bands and smaller recrystallized grains. This study demonstrated that an effective strength–ductility synergy of the Ti-65 alloy can be achieved through various TMTs.
•Thermomechanical treatment was employed to improve mechanical properties of novel lightweight Ti-65 medium-entropy alloys.•The recrystallized Ti-65 medium-entropy alloys composed of fine grains can be obtained via the rapid annealing treatment.•The partial-recrystallized medium-entropy alloy by rapid annealing treatment presents high strength with excellent ductility.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The addition of a trace amount of Si significantly affects the precipitation sequence of the Al–Cu–Mg alloy with a low Cu/Mg ratio, such as forming Si-modified Guinier-Preston-Bagaryatsky (GPB) zones ...to suppress the precipitation of the S phase. The introduction of pre-deformation also affects the precipitation behavior during the subsequent aging process. In this paper, the atomic-resolution high-angle-annular-dark-field (HAADF) imaging technique and first-principles calculation are used to study the effect of pre-deformation on the precipitation behavior of an Al-3.0Cu-1.8Mg-0.5Si alloy during aging at 180 °C. In order to learn the effect of minor Si-addition, a Si-free alloy with similar chemical composition is also studied. It is found that for Si-free alloy, the 6% pre-deformation promotes the precipitation of the S phase dispersedly during the subsequent aging, leading to an increase of the peak hardness. For Si-containing alloy, the 6% pre-deformation prior to aging suppresses the precipitation of Si-modified GPB zone acting as the original main strengthening precipitates and promotes the formation of successive composite precipitates including the S phase, various GPB zones, C phase and sub-units of C/Qʹ phase. The successive composite precipitates are easy to grow up and coarsen, which weakens the contribution of precipitation strengthening compared to the small Si-modified GPB zone. As such, the 6% pre-deformation prior to aging at 180 °C provides a positive strengthening effect for Si-free alloy, but a negative strengthening effect for the Si-containing alloy.
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•The 6% pre-deformation is beneficial to the aged Si-free AlCuMg alloys, while detrimental to the aged Si-containing alloys.•The detrimental effect is due to the precipitation of the large-sized zig-zag composite precipitates.•A new GPB zone-variant was found and identified in the aged Si-containing alloys with pre-deformation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Water ice and gas hydrates can coexist in the permafrost and polar regions on Earth and in the universe. However, the role of ice in the mechanical response of ice-contained methane hydrates is still ...unclear. Here, we conduct direct million-atom molecular simulations of ice-contained polycrystalline methane hydrates and identify a crossover in the tensile strength and average compressive flow stress due to the presence of ice. The average mechanical shear strengths of hydrate–hydrate bicrystals are about three times as large as those of hydrate–ice bicrystals. The ice content, especially below 70%, shows a significant effect on the mechanical strengths of the polycrystals, which is mainly governed by the proportions of the hydrate–hydrate grain boundaries (HHGBs), the hydrate–ice grain boundaries (HIGBs), and the ice–ice grain boundaries (IIGBs). Quantitative analysis of the microstructure of the water cages in the polycrystals reveals the dissociation and reformation of various water cages due to mechanical deformation. These findings provide molecular insights into the mechanical behavior and microscopic deformation mechanisms of ice-contained methane hydrate systems on Earth and in the universe.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Porous structure-tuned cellulose nanofiber paper separators (designated as S-CNP separators) are demonstrated as a promising alternative to commercial polyolefin separators for use in lithium-ion ...batteries. A new architectural strategy based on colloidal silica (SiO2) nanoparticle-assisted structural control is presented to overcome the difficulty in forming controllable porous structure of pure cellulose nanofiber paper separators (designated as CNP separators) from densely-packed cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The new S-CNP separators proposed herein incorporate SiO2 nanoparticles as a CNF-disassembling agent (i.e., as non-conductive spacer particles). This structural uniqueness allows loose packing of CNFs, thereby facilitating the evolution of more porous structure. The unusual porous structure of S-CNP separators can be fine-tuned by varying SiO2 contents in the CNF suspension. Notably, the S-CNP separator (fabricated with 5 wt.% SiO2 content) exhibits the highest ionic conduction due to the well-balanced combination of nanoporous structure and separator thickness, thus contributing to excellent cell performance. This study underlines that the colloidal SiO2 nanoparticle-directed structural tuning of CNPs offers a promising route for the fabrication of advanced paper separators with optimized attributes and functionality.
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•Colloidal SiO2-assisted structural control of cellulose nanofiber paper separators.•SiO2 nanoparticles are introduced as a cellulose nanofiber-disassembling agent.•Effect of SiO2 content on separator properties and cell performance is explored.•The separator (fabricated from SiO2 = 5 wt.%) imparts the highest ionic conduction.•As a result, the cell performance of the separator is substantially improved.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The compliance-current dependence of the resistive-switching behaviors is investigated in TaN/Cu x O/Cu memory devices with 1R architecture and 1T1R architecture, respectively. The correlation of ...reset current I reset and on-state resistance R on can be verified by adjusting the compliance current I comp . Meanwhile, I reset and R on become independent on I comp in the 1R architecture when I comp is below 1 mA. A serious compliance-current overshoot phenomenon is in situ observed in 1R-architecture device, and it remarkably affects the resistive-switching characteristics because the compliance current dominates the memory behaviors. Therefore, resistive-switching investigation based on 1T1R architecture is much more reliable.
We report our photometric and spectroscopic follow-up observations of the superoutbursts of three dwarf novae (DNe; GWAC 180415A, GWAC 181017A, and GWAC 181211A) identified independently by the ...Ground Wide-angle Cameras system, one of the ground-based instruments of the China-France SVOM mission. Based on a combination of our photometry and that taken from the American Association of Variable Star Observers, our period analysis of the superhumps enables us to determine the mass ratios to be 0.0967-0.1163, 0.1879-0.1883, and 0.0981-0.1173 for GWAC 180415A, GWAC 181017A, and GWAC 181211A, respectively. GWAC 180415A can be firmly identified as a WZ sge-type DNe due to its long duration (∼2 weeks) multiple rebrightenings with amplitudes of 3-4 mag, the early superhump associated with a double-wave modulation and the low-mass ratio. The inferred low-mass ratio and location in the diagram suggest that GWAC 181211A is a WZ sge-type DNe candidate. The measured Balmer decrements suggest the Balmer line emission is produced from an optical thick region in GWAC 180415A and GWAC 181017A, and from an optically thin region in GWAC 181211A.
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