The robust excitonic effect-regulated singlet oxygen (1O2) generation was realized by employing a well-defined CoSA/PCN with P-doping on the second coordination sphere of Co single atoms. Apart from ...the enhanced O2 absorption and electron transfer, the resulting 1O2-engaged one-step two-electron O2 reduction pathway was confirmed to facilitate the photocatalytic H2O2 production by delicately avoid two uphill barriers in thermodynamics.
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•A well-defined CoSA/PCN with P-doping on the second coordination sphere of Co single atom were fabricated.•P-doping significantly enhanced the excitonic effect by creating singlet-exciton trapping state.•1O2 was identified as the ROS, generated by exction-induced energy transfer process.•A superior 1O2-engaged one-step two-electron process production was proposed for the first time.
Excitonic processes open up the possibility for pursuing oxygen activation and reduction in photocatalytic H2O2 production. However, the mechanistic investigation in excitonic effect-regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation towards two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) remains obscure. Herein, for the first time, we propose an efficient 1O2-engaged one-step two-electron O2 reduction pathway induced by the strong excitonic effect, whereby two uphill energy barriers are successfully avoided by productively changing intermediate energy levels. The intrinsic mechanism underlying the P-mediated enhanced excitonic effect was revealed by hyperfine spectroscopic and theoretical investigations, in which high-energy 1O2 was photogenerated via a nontrivial energy transfer process. As a result, the superior activity of H2O2 production was achieved due to the targeted regulation of excitonic behavior, displaying a remarkable 12.2-fold boost over pristine carbon nitride. This work not only sheds light on the role of the excitonic effect in 1O2-involved photocatalytic H2O2 production but also paves the way for optimizing exciton-based photocatalysis via atomic-scale design.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Accurate segmentation of skin lesions in dermoscopic images plays an important role in improving the survival rate of patients. However, due to the blurred boundaries of pigment regions, the ...diversity of lesion features, and the mutations and metastases of diseased cells, the effectiveness and robustness of skin image segmentation algorithms are still a challenging subject. For this reason, we proposed a bi-directional feedback dense connection network framework (called BiDFDC-Net), which can perform skin lesions accurately. Firstly, under the framework of U-Net, we integrated the edge modules into each layer of the encoder which can solve the problem of gradient vanishing and network information loss caused by network deepening. Then, each layer of our model takes input from the previous layer and passes its feature map to the densely connected network of subsequent layers to achieve information interaction and enhance feature propagation and reuse. Finally, in the decoder stage, a two-branch module was used to feed the dense feedback branch and the ordinary feedback branch back to the same layer of coding, to realize the fusion of multi-scale features and multi-level context information. By testing on the two datasets of ISIC-2018 and PH2, the accuracy on the two datasets was given by 93.51% and 94.58%, respectively.
A series of 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylselenyl)-1H-indoles and their selenoxides were designed as a new class of combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) analogs. The B ring and the cis double bond of CA-4 were ...replaced by an indole moiety and selenium atom, respectively. A facile and efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of 3-arylselenylindoles was developed to prepare the target compounds, which were then evaluated for antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines using an MTT assay. Most of these compounds exhibited significant antiproliferative activity, with some showing nanomolar IC50 values. Tubulin polymerization and immunostaining experiments revealed that 13a potently inhibited tubulin polymerization and disrupted tubulin microtubule dynamics in a similar manner to CA-4. Docking studies demonstrated that 13a adopts an orientation similar to that of CA-4 at the colchicine binding site on tubulin.
A microwave-assisted procedure for the effective synthesis of a series of 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylselenyl)-1H-indoles is reported. The target compounds showed potent in vitro activity against cancer cell proliferation and tubulin polymerization. Display omitted
•3-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylselenyl)-1H-indoles were designed as novel analogs of CA-4.•A microwave-assisted progress for the synthesis of 3-arylselenylindoles was developed.•Most of the analogs showed potent antitumor activity; some showed nanomolar IC50s.•Compound 13a inhibited tubulin polymerization and disrupted microtubule dynamics.•Compound 13a exhibited a binding mode similar to that of CA-4.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Vancomycin is a hydrophilic antibiotic widely used in severe infections, including bacteremia and central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as ...methicillin-resistant
(MRSA), coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterococci. Appropriate antimicrobial dosage regimens can help achieve the target exposure and improve clinical outcomes. However, vancomycin exposure in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is challenging to predict due to rapidly changing pathophysiological processes and patient-specific factors. Vancomycin concentrations may be decreased for peripheral infections due to augmented renal clearance (ARC) and increased distribution caused by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), increased capillary permeability, and aggressive fluid resuscitation. Additionally, few studies on vancomycin's pharmacokinetics (PK) in CSF for CNS infections. The relationship between exposure and clinical response is unclear, challenging for adequate antimicrobial therapy. Accurate prediction of vancomycin pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) in patients with high interindividual variation is critical to increase the likelihood of achieving therapeutic targets. In this review, we describe the interaction between ARC and vancomycin PK/PD, patient-specific factors that influence the achievement of target exposure, and recent advances in optimizing vancomycin dosing schedules for severe infective patients with ARC.
Abstract
Greenness is beneficial to health and is associated with lower mortality. Many studies used the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to measure greenness. However, NDVI cannot be ...used to indicate landscape type. To go beyond NDVI, we aim to study the association between greenness structures and all-cause mortality of older adults using the 2008–2014 waves of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We calculated landscape indices to quantify three greenspace structure characteristics: area-edge, shape, and proximity. The health outcome was all-cause mortality. We used the Cox-proportional hazards model, adjusted for the study entrant year, age, sex, activities of daily living (ADL), marital status, geographic region, urban or rural residential location, literacy, annual household income, smoking, alcohol and exercise status, biodiversity, numbers of hosts for zoonosis, contemporaneous NDVI, annual average temperature, and 3 year average PM
2.5
. Among 12 999 individuals (average age at baseline 87.2 years, 5502 males), we observed 7589 deaths between 2008 and 2014. We did not find a consistent dose-response relationship between greenspace structures and all-cause mortality. However, there were some signals of associations. Compared with individuals living in the lowest quartile of the number of patches, the adjusted-hazard ratio (95% CI) of those in the highest quartile was 0.85 (0.80–0.92). In stratified analyses, the largest patch index and perimeter-area ratio had protective effects on males, individuals aged <90, those free of ADL disability, and with higher income. The protective influence of greenspace structures was not as evident compared to NDVI.
Effective coordination of relief efforts of organizations in the Humanitarian Supply Chain (HSC) is a challenge facing various organizations and stakeholders. Despite the importance of information ...sharing along the HSC, limited previous studies attempted to develop feasible information systems capable of facilitating the effective resource planning and inter-organizational coordination for better relief actions. This study proposes an integrated HSC Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system that utilizes the capabilities of the existing Maritime Transport Security Information Systems so as to improve lean operations of HSCs, and to optimize resources planning and usage during the stochastic assignment of accepting refugees and accommodating them in their journey to safer destinations. This paper introduces the conceptual framework of this integrated ERP system and validates the feasibility of this framework in the context of the Greek refugee crisis, involving perspectives of stakeholders in the Greek refugee crisis.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
In winter and spring, for greenhouses with larger areas and stereoscopic cultivation, distributed light environment regulation based on photosynthetic rate prediction model can better ensure good ...crop growth. In this paper, strawberries at flowering-fruit stage were used as the test crop, and the LI-6800 portable photosynthesis system was used to control the leaf chamber environment and obtain sample data by nested photosynthetic rate combination experiments under temperature, light and CO2 concentration conditions to study the photosynthetic rate prediction model construction method. For a small-sample, nonlinear real experimental data set validated by grey relational analysis, a photosynthetic rate prediction model was developed based on Support vector regression (SVR), and the particle swarm algorithm (PSO) was used to search the influence of the empirical values of parameters, such as the penalty parameter C, accuracy ε and kernel constant g, on the model prediction performance. The modeling and prediction results show that the PSO-SVR method outperforms the commonly used algorithms such as MLR, BP, SVR and RF in terms of prediction performance and generalization on a small sample data set. The research in this paper achieves accurate prediction of photosynthetic rate of strawberry and lays the foundation for subsequent distributed regulation of greenhouse strawberry light environment.
A series of N,4-diaryl-1,3-thiazole-2-amines containing three aromatic rings with an amino linker were designed and synthesized as tubulin inhibitors and evaluated for their antiproliferative ...activity in three human cancer cell lines. Most of the target compounds displayed moderate antiproliferative activity, and N-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (10s) was determined to be the most potent compound. Tubulin polymerization and immunostaining experiments revealed that 10s potently inhibited tubulin polymerization and disrupted tubulin microtubule dynamics in a manner similar to CA-4. Moreover, 10s effectively induced SGC-7901 cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in both concentration- and time-dependent manners. The molecular docking results revealed that 10s could bind to the colchicine binding site of tubulin.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We treated the non-sterilized (NS) sea buckthorn (SBT) juice by high-pressure processing (HPP, 500 MPa for 5 min) or TP (85 °C for 30 s). Total plate count (TPC), yeast, and mold count were below the ...detection level (≤10 CFU/mL) in HPP juice during 0–9 d. For TP and NS groups, mold count was not detected in 0–3 d of NS juice and 0–6 d of TP juice; yeast count was undetected only in 0 d of TP juice. The physicochemical properties and levels of total soluble solids (TSS), total acids, and total sugar did not change after two treatments. The contents of vitamin C (Vc, 272.38 ± 8.13 mg/100 mL), total carotenoids (0.36 ± 0.00 mg/100 ml), and total phenols (374.48 ± 2.58 mg GAE/100 ml) were higher in HPP juice. Totally 51 flavor substances were detected in HPP juice. Only 21 volatiles were found in TP juice. For sensory evaluation, the HPP treatment significantly (p < 0.05) improved aroma and, flavor & structure scores. In summary, HPP could effectively control microbial growth and preferably retain volatiles. HPP treatment is desirable for juice production.
•HPP could significantly (p < 0.05) reduce TPC, yeast and mold count in SBT juice.•HPP juice contained higher (p < 0.05) Vc, carotenoids and phenols than TP juice.•HPP juice had more volatiles (n = 51) and a higher (p < 0.05) score of sensory.•HPP could be a desirable sterilization method for SBT juice production.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Introduction
Glioblastoma, the most common and mortal primary brain tumor, accompanied with a dismal clinical outcome in adults. The oncogenic functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ...glioblastoma have not been completely illuminated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of lncRNA
LINC00152
in glioblastoma.
Methods
We used bioinformatic method in public databases to select lncRNA
LINC00152
and investigate its clinical value and potential mechanism in glioblastoma. CCK-8, transwell assay, colony formation and wound healing assays were used to explore the role of
LINC00152
in glioblastoma malignant behaviors. PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, reporter assays and nude mouse tumor intracranial model were employed to further verify the regulatory mechanism of
LINC00152
in glioblastoma.
Results
LINC00152
was closely associated with glioma WHO classification and poor prognosis, and indicated a poor prognosis in glioblastoma patients. Tumor growth and invasion were suppressed both in vitro and vivo after
LINC00152
was blocked. Moreover,
LINC00152
modulated GBM malignant progression and proneural–mesenchymal transition through the
miR-612
dependent AKT2/NF-κB pathway.
Conclusions
LINC00152
acted as a tumor oncogene with prognostic value for patients with glioblastoma through
LINC00152
/
miR-612
/AKT2/NF-κB axis.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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