A dual-band shared-aperture variable inclination continuous transverse stub (VICTS) antenna is designed with good port isolation and a low profile. The operation bands, including 19.5-20.1 and ...28.8-29.6 GHz, locate at the regulated bands for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">K </tex-math></inline-formula>- and Ka -band mobile satellite communication. The design principle is "shared radiating aperture and independent feeding networks," which means two feeding networks are integrated to share one radiating aperture. At the center frequencies of the two operation bands, that is, 19.8 and 29.2 GHz, the beam-scanning coverage in elevation is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">38^{\circ } \times 2 </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">60^{\circ } \times 2 </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively. The relative bandwidths in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">K </tex-math></inline-formula>- and Ka -bands are 3.0% and 2.7%, respectively. The maximal gains for the two bands are 24.33 and 28.52 dBi. Good port isolation greater than 90 dB at the lower band and greater than 20 dB at the higher band is obtained. A low profile of only 10 mm is achieved, that is, 0.65 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.97~\lambda _{0} </tex-math></inline-formula>, at the center frequencies. This article is a good candidate for the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">K </tex-math></inline-formula>- and Ka -band mobile satellite communication under the restriction of cost and size.
A W-band low-profile dual-polarized Cassegrain reflectarray with an integrated feed is designed in this work. High isolation, which is necessary for the in-band full-duplex (IBFD) applications, is ...realized between two feeding ports corresponding to the orthogonal polarizations. The antenna is composed of two parts, i.e., the dual-polarized planar-array feed and the Cassegrain reflectarray with a small focal-length to diameter ratio (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">F/D) </tex-math></inline-formula>. The dual-polarized planar array feed is appressed behind the main-reflectarray, and the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">F/D </tex-math></inline-formula> is reduced to 0.2 to realize the integration and the low-profile property. For the array feed, high isolation is achieved through the orthogonal-mode isolation and the differential signal cancellation. Its radiation pattern is also manipulated to fit the reflectarray considering the taper and spillover efficiency. For the reflectarray, the rotational symmetry configuration and the dual-layer-patch cell are applied to suit the dual-polarization operation and the large incident angle, respectively. The measured operation band, where the gain variation is within 1 dB, is 93.4-95.6 GHz. At the center frequency, the gains of the Cassegrain reflectarray for the two ports are 31.86 and 30.88 dBi, and the corresponding aperture efficiencies are 31.4% and 25.1%, respectively. The isolation between the two ports is higher than 55 dB within the operation band. This work is a low-profile candidate for W-band point-to-point IBFD communication.
Objective
This study aimed to determine the risk of severe postoperative complications (SPCs) in patients with gastric cancer and to construct a nomogram based on independently related factors to ...identify high-risk patients.
Methods
We conducted a prospective study of 636 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy. Degrees of sarcopenia and obesity were calculated before surgery. Factors contributing to SPCs were determined using univariate and multivariate analysis. A nomogram consisting of the independent risk factors was constructed to quantify the individual risk of SPCs.
Results
Logistic analysis revealed that sarcopenic obesity, age, open surgery, and combined resection were independent prognostic factors for SPCs. Sarcopenic obese patients have the highest risk in all patients (sarcopenic obesity vs normal, OR = 6.575
p
= 0.001; sarcopenic obesity vs obesity, OR = 5.833
p
= 0.001; sarcopenic obesity vs sarcopenia, OR = 2.571
p
= 0.032), while obese patients share the similar rate of SPCs with normal people (obesity vs normal, OR = 1.056
p
= 0.723). The nomogram we constructed was able to quantify the risk of SPCs reliably (c-index, 0.737).
Conclusions
Sarcopenic obesity, together with age, open surgery, and combined resection are independent predictors of SPCs. Obesity will significantly increase the risk of SPCs in sarcopenic patient with gastric cancer, but it will not bring higher risk to normal patients. Our nomogram is a simple and practical instrument to identify patients at high risk of surgical complications.
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EMUNI, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The aims of the present study were to evaluate the predictive value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio for peritoneal metastasis in patients with gastric cancer and to construct an available ...preoperative prediction system for peritoneal metastasis. A total of 1080 patients with gastric cancer were enrolled in our study. The preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and other serum markers and objective clinical tumor characteristics were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves. A logistic analysis was performed to determine the independent predictive indicators of peritoneal metastasis. A prediction system that included the independent predictive indicators was constructed and evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves. Based on the receiver operating characteristic curves, the ideal platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio cutoff value to predict peritoneal metastasis was 131.00. The logistic analysis showed that the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio was an independent indicator to predict peritoneal metastasis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.599. When integrating all independent indicators (i.e., platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, invasion depth, lymphatic invasion, pathological type), the prediction system more reliably predicted peritoneal metastasis with a higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.769). The preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio was an indicator that could be used to predict peritoneal metastasis. Our prediction system could be a reliable instrument to discriminate between patients with gastric cancer with and those without peritoneal metastasis.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Gait speed is a clinical outcome that can measure the physical performance of elderly gastric patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of gait speed in ...predicting post‐operative morbidities in elderly patients undergoing curative gastrectomy.
Methods
We conducted a prospective study of 357 elderly patients (≥65 years old) undergoing curative gastrectomy. Preoperative gait speed was measured in a 6‐m well‐lit and unobstructed hallway. Patients were followed up for the post‐operative clinical outcomes. Factors contributing to the post‐operative morbidities were analysed using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
Slow gait speed was present in 95 out of 357 patients (26.61%) which was significantly associated with age (P < 0.001), gender (P = 0.016), plasma albumin (P < 0.001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (P = 0.012), tumour‐node‐metastasis grade (P = 0.007), sarcopenia (P < 0.001), handgrip (P < 0.001) and post‐operative medical complications (P = 0.022). In univariate analysis, age (P = 0.015) and slow gait speed (P = 0.029) were risk factors of post‐operative complications. In multivariate analysis, we found that age (P < 0.001) and slow gait speed (P = 0.029) were independent predictors of post‐operative medical complications.
Conclusion
Slow gait speed is an independent predictor of post‐operative medical complications in elderly patients undergoing curative gastrectomy. Those patients should be managed with appropriate perioperative nutritional support and physical exercise which can improve gait speed and reduce the risk of post‐operative medical complications.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The genus
Honda (Liliaceae), when it is treated as separate from
, comprises six perennial herbaceous species that are restricted to China, Japan and the Korean Peninsula. Although all six
species ...have important medicinal and horticultural uses, studies focused on species identification and molecular phylogenetics are few. Here we report the nucleotide sequences of six complete
chloroplast (cp) genomes. The cp genomes of
range from 150,613 bp to 151,136 bp in length, all including a pair of inverted repeats (25,629-25,859 bp) separated by the large single-copy (81,482-82,218 bp) and small single-copy (17,366-17,465 bp) regions. Each cp genome equivalently contains 112 unique genes consisting of 30 transfer RNA genes, four ribosomal RNA genes, and 78 protein coding genes. Gene content, gene order, AT content, and IR/SC boundary structure are nearly identical among all
cp genomes. However, the relative contraction and expansion of the IR/SC borders among the six
cp genomes results in length variation among them. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analyses of these
cp genomes indicate that the richest SSRs are A/T mononucleotides. The number of repeats among the six
species varies from 54 (
) to 69 (
) with palindromic (28-35) and forward repeats (23-30) as the most common types. Phylogenomic analyses based on these complete cp genomes and 74 common protein-coding genes strongly support the monophyly of the genus, and a sister relationship between
and
, rather than a shared common ancestor with
. Nine DNA markers (
, and
) with number of variable sites greater than 0.9% were identified, and these may be useful for future population genetic and phylogeographic studies of
species.
Background and Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between obesity and postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome (PGS), and to construct a scoring system and a risk model to identify ...patients at high risk.
Methods
A total of 634 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics were evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Logistic analysis was performed to determine the independent predictive indicators of PGS. A scoring system consisting of these indicators and a risk‐rating model were constructed and evaluated via ROC curve analysis.
Results
Based on the ROC curves, the visceral fat area (VFA) cutoff value for PGS was 94.00. Logistic analysis showed that visceral obesity (VFA ≥ 94.00 cm2), the reconstruction technique, and tumor size were independent prognostic factors for PGS. The scoring system could predict PGS reliably with a high area under the ROC curve (AUC = 0.769). A high‐risk rating had a high AUC (AUC I = 0.56, AUC II = 0.65, and AUC III = 0.77), indicating that the risk‐rating model could effectively screen patients at high risk of PGS.
Conclusions
Visceral obesity defined by VFA effectively predicted PGS. Our scoring system may be a reliable instrument for identifying patients most at risk of PGS.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
This study aimed to determine the relationship between intra-abdominal infection (IAI) and sarcopenia prospectively and to construct a nomogram to identify patients at a high risk of IAI.
...Methods
We conducted a prospective study of 682 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy. The sarcopenia elements, including lumbar skeletal muscle index, handgrip strength, and gait speed, were measured before surgery. Factors contributing to IAI were determined through univariate and multivariate analysis. A nomogram consisting of the independent risk factors was constructed to quantify the individual risk of IAI.
Results
Of the 682 patients enrolled in this study, 132 patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia and 61 were diagnosed with IAI. Logistic analysis revealed that sarcopenia, tumor size, pathological type, and multivisceral resection were independent prognostic factors for IAI. The nomogram model for IAI was able to reliably quantify the risk of IAI with a strong optimism-adjusted discrimination (concordance index, 0.736).
Conclusions
Sarcopenia is an independent predictor of IAI. Our nomogram was a simple and practical instrument to quantify the individual risk of IAI and could be used to identify patients at a high risk.
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EMUNI, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
In this paper, we report an AlN-based ceramic lead frame (LF) with encapsulating silicone between the surface of an AlGaN-based ultraviolet-B light-emitting diode (UVB-LED) chip and a quartz glass ...cover; the light output power (LOP) of this structure was 13.8% greater than that of the corresponding packaging structure without encapsulating silicone. Another packaging structure in which the silicone fully filled the cavity of the AlN-based ceramic LF included covering with quartz glass; in this case, the enhancement of the LOP was 11.7%. Reliability tests performed over a period of 3500 h at a forward current (If) of 100 mA revealed that the LOPs of these two silicone-containing packaging types decreased to 45.3 and 48.6%, respectively, of their initial values. The different degradation rates of these UVB-LEDs were not, however, correlated with the appearance of cracks in the encapsulating silicone during long-term operation. Excluding any possible mechanisms responsible for degradation within the UVB-LED chips, we suggest that the hermetic cover should be removed to avoid the appearance of cracks. Moreover, the main mechanism responsible for the slow degradation rates of LOPs in these proposed packaging structures involves the encapsulated silicone, after cracks have appeared, undergoing further deterioration by the UVB irradiation.
The oxide-carbonate composite electrolyte material with high ionic conductivity at low temperature has been thought that it can be used to develop LT-SOFC. However, the carbonate composite ...electrolyte is not easy to make it dense, especially mixing and packing oxide and carbonate to fabricate the composite electrolyte simply. In this article, rare-earth-doped CeO
2
(RDC) (R = La, Sm, Gd, and Gd + Y) series samples were prepared by wet ball-milling, then sintered into fully dense and porous oxide bulk at 1500–1600 °C and 1000 °C. Melted carbonate LNCO, composed of Li
2
CO
3
and Na
2
CO
3
at a molar ratio of 1:1, was combined with porous oxide bulk materials using a bath method at 500 °C for 10 h to prepare a dense carbonate-oxide composite electrolyte. The dense oxide-carbonate composite electrolyte always obtains by this fabrication process. Boiling water was used to remove carbonate from these composites. Lattice parameters were obtained through Rietveld refinement, and a calculation procedure for quantifying the composite density was proposed. The quantified composite density results were verified through scanning electron microscopy microstructure observations. The Ce valence in the RDC oxides and RDC-carbonate composite was analyzed by X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy to observe the effects of heat treatment temperature and carbonate on the Ce
4+
/Ce
3+
mixed-valence state in doped CeO
2
.
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