Inflammation triggers pulmonary vascular remodelling. Ferroptosis, a nonapoptotic form of cell death that is triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and contributes to the pathogenesis of ...several inflammation-related diseases, but its role in pulmonary hypertension (PH) has not been studied. We examined endothelial cell ferroptosis in PH and the potential mechanisms. Pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) and lung tissues from monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rats were analysed for ferroptosis markers, including lipid peroxidation, the labile iron pool (LIP) and the protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) and NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4). The effects of the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) on endothelial cell ferroptosis and pulmonary vascular remodelling in MCT-induced rats were studied in vitro and in vivo. Ferroptosis was observed in PAECs from MCT-induced PH rats in vitro and in vivo and was characterized by a decline in cell viability accompanied by increases in the LIP and lipid peroxidation, the downregulation of GPX4 and FTH1 expression and the upregulation of NOX4 expression. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signalling was measured by western blotting. These changes were significantly blocked by Fer-1 administration in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that Fer-1 plays a role in inhibiting ferroptosis-mediated PAEC loss during the progression of PH. The ferroptosis-induced inflammatory response depended on the activation of HMGB1/TLR4 signalling, which activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo. We are the first to suggest that pulmonary artery endothelial ferroptosis triggers inflammatory responses via the HMGB1/TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome signalling pathway in MCT-induced rats. Treating PH with a ferroptosis inhibitor and exploring new treatments based on ferroptosis regulation might be promising therapeutic strategies for PH.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Three drying methods (HD, FD, ID) was used to dry bitter gourd slices.•The drying methods had significant influences on the product quality of bitter gourd.•Three polysaccharides (BPS-H, BPS-F, ...BPS-I) were obtained from the dried bitter gourd.•BPS-I exhibited strong antioxidant activities and bile acid-binding capacity in vitro.•BPS-F and BPS-I showed significant α-amylase inhibitory activities in vitro.
In this study, three drying methods, namely, hot-air drying, freeze drying (FD), and infrared radiation drying (ID), were applied to dry bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) slices. Results showed that the drying methods had significant influences on appearance, color, rehydration ratio, and microstructure of dried bitter gourd. FD provided high-quality dried bitter gourd products due to the uniform honeycomb network and less collapsed structure. Three water-soluble bitter gourd polysaccharides (BPS-H, BPS-F, and BPS-I) were obtained from the bitter gourd dried using the three drying methods. The three polysaccharides exhibited similar preliminary structural characteristics with different monosaccharide compositions and molecular weights. BPS-I obtained from ID-dried bitter gourd had higher sugar and uronic acid contents than BPS-H and BPS-F. BPS-I exhibited stronger antioxidant activities and bile acid-binding capacity in vitro than BPS-H and BPS-F. Moreover, BPS-F and BPS-I showed significant α-amylase inhibitory activities in vitro.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this paper, a new fast tool servocontrol method for noncircular turning process (NCTP) is presented. Based on the tracking and disturbance rejection requirements for NCTP, the controller is ...designed through a combined active disturbance rejection control and feedforward arrangement by exploiting the unique disturbance estimation and compensation concept and the known reference acceleration signals. In such a design framework, an extended state observer is applied to estimate and compensate for the variant dynamics of the system, nonlinearly variable cutting load, and other uncertainties. Then, a simple proportional integral controller and the acceleration feedforward design produce the control law. To quantify the controller performances, the transfer function description of the controller is derived, and the dynamic stiffness and tracking have been analyzed. By defining the vector margin variation rate, the effects of the plant parameter variations on closed-loop stability are also addressed. Experimental results of machining the first- and second-order oval profiles demonstrate that the tracking error is less than 3 mum for different cutting parameters.
The time and processes of hydrothermal mineralization are long-standing problems in geology. This work addresses these questions with reference to the Maoniuping giant rare earth elements (REE) ...deposit (southwest China), which has rare earth oxides (REO) reserves of 3.17 million tons with an average grade of 2.95 wt%. Bastnäsite is the dominant economic mineral, occurring as four distinct paragenetic types in the Maoniuping syenite-carbonatite complex: (1) primary euhedral bastnäsite (type-A) in syenite, with isolated melt inclusions; (2) macro-crystalline tabular euhedral bastnäsite (type-B) in pegmatitic dikes, with a diverse variety of fluid inclusions; (3) fine-grained, anhedral veinlet-disseminated bastnäsite (type-C) in syenite; and (4) coarse-grained anhedral bastnäsite (type-D) in carbonatite dikes, occurring as veinlets or interstitial to calcite, fluorite, and barite. From the paragenetic and compositional variations, it is inferred that type-A bastnäsite is of primary magmatic origin, whereas the other three types have characteristics of hydrothermal origins. In situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology of the four types of bastnäsite results in lower intercept ages of 28.2 ± 0.5 Ma (n = 95, MSWD = 5.10), 27.8 ± 0.4 Ma (n = 43, MSWD = 0.73), 26.8 ± 0.7 Ma (n = 50, MSWD = 0.83), and 25.8 ± 0.7 Ma (n = 55, MSWD = 1.70), respectively, which are consistent with the weighted average 206Pb/238U and 208Pb/232Th ages by 207Pb-correction method. Compositional variations of clinopyroxene and apatite from the associated syenite, pegmatitic and carbonatitic dikes indicate a genetic relationship of the Maoniuping alkaline complex. The compositions of clinopyroxene range from Ae44-67Di14-18Hd17-41 in pegmatitic dikes, Ae43-66Di6-20Hd21-38 in carbonatitic dikes to Ae68-90Di0-3Hd10-30 in syenite. Apatites in the pegmatitic and carbonatitic dikes have similar compositions with higher F, total REE, and Sr, and lower CaO contents than those in the syenite, which suggests a cogenetic origin for the associated pegmatite and carbonatite. Clinopyroxene and apatite compositions suggest that the pegmatitic melt might differentiate directly from the initial carbonatitic melt rather than the syenitic magma. The bastnäsite U-Pb geochronology and minerals data indicate continuous magmatic-hydrothermal evolution for the REE mineralization in the Maoniuping alkaline complex.
The development of the times is driving the competition in the market. In the current trend of the brand era, if a brand cannot fully display its own personality, it is difficult to be competitive. ...With the development of Internet of things (IoT) technology, different enterprise values produce different types of products and affect all aspects of social economy and daily life. This article mainly studies the innovative design of brand image based on 5G IoT era. This article takes the consumer group as the positioning object, is committed to shaping the core value of the brand, and applies the emotional personality psychology of consumers to the rational brand planning. Creating a perfect brand image and an accurate brand development track is an effective guarantee to promote and enhance brand development. The standard font of the logo combination is the combination of Chinese and English. The advantage of the combination of Chinese and English lies in the combination of nationality and cosmopolitanism. It is not only a new cultural phenomenon but also has strong operability, which meets the requirements of logo design internationalization. The explanatory capacity of the model increases with the entry of product image, corporate image, and self-consistency. The combined explanatory capacity of the three variables reaches 42.2%. The significance probability of the
test is
= 0.000, which is significantly less than 0.01, indicating that the regression of the model is significant. Except for “imaginative,” girls’ scores on the other seven brand personality dimensions are equal to or higher than boys’. The results show that the innovative design of brand image has far-reaching significance for the long-term development of the brand.
Maternal metabolism dysregulation during pregnancy predisposes offspring to major diseases, including hypertension, in later life, but the mechanism involved remains to be fully elucidated. A ...high-fat-diet (HFD) pregnant rat model was used to investigate whether excessive intrauterine lipid exposure was associated with elevated blood pressure in offspring and increased levels of leptin, an important biomarker and mediator of vascular dysfunction and hypertension. We found that gestational hyperlipidemia predisposed offspring to blood pressure elevation and sustained increases in leptin levels with no difference in body weight in the rat model. Increased leptin expression and leptin promoter hypomethylation were found in adipose tissues of HFD-exposed offspring. The treatment of mesenchymal stem cells with free fatty acids during adipogenic differentiation resulted in increased leptin expression, accompanied by leptin promoter hypomethylation. In addition, we also followed up 121 children to evaluate the association between maternal triglyceride levels and offspring blood pressure. Consistent with the animal study results, we observed elevated serum leptin levels and blood pressure in the offspring born to women with gestational hypertriglyceridemia. Our findings provide new insights that maternal hyperlipidemia is associated with elevated blood pressure in offspring and is associated with increases in leptin levels through epigenetic memory.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background There is increasing evidence in support of the role of lncRNAs in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Methods We examined the expression of the lncRNA ABHD11-AS.sub.1 ...in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissues and normal ovarian tissues by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). After inducing ABHD11-AS.sub.1 downregulation by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or ABHD11-AS.sub.1 overexpression by plasmid transfection, we examined the EOC cell phenotypes and expression of related molecules. Results Expression of the lncRNA ABHD11-AS.sub.1 in EOC tissues was higher than that in normal ovarian tissue. It was positively associated with the tumor stage (stage I/II vs. stage III/IV), and it was lower in the well-differentiated group than in the poorly/moderately differentiated group. Overexpression of ABHD11-AS.sub.1 in the ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and OVCAR3 promoted ovarian cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and inhibited apoptosis. Silencing of ABHD11-AS.sub.1 had the opposite effect. Subcutaneous injection of tumor cells in nude mice showed that ABHD11-AS.sub.1 could significantly promote tumor growth. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of tumor cells in the nude mice resulted in an increase in the metastatic ability of the tumor. Further, overexpression of ABHD11-AS.sub.1 upregulated the expression of RhoC and its downstream molecules P70s6k, MMP2 and BCL-xL. Silencing of ABHD11-AS.sub.1 had the opposite effect. The RNA pull-down assay showed that ABHD11-AS.sub.1 can combine directly with RhoC. Silencing of RhoC was found to inhibit the cancer-promoting effects of lncRNA ABHD11-AS.sub.1. Thus, it seems that RhoC is a major target of the lncRNA ABHD11-AS.sub.1. Conclusions This is the first study to demonstrate the role of RhoC in the tumor-promoting effects of the lncRNA ABHD11-AS.sub.1. The present findings shed light on new therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer treatment. Keywords: lncRNA ABHD11-AS.sub.1, Tumor, Epithelial ovarian cancer, RhoC, Tumorigenesis and progression
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A combined analytical, theoretical, and experimental study has shown that the vaping of vitamin E acetate has the potential to produce exceptionally toxic ketene gas, which may be a contributing ...factor to the upsurge in pulmonary injuries associated with using e-cigarette/vaping products. Additionally, the pyrolysis of vitamin E acetate also produces carcinogen alkenes and benzene for which the negative long-term medical effects are well recognized. As temperatures reached in vaping devices can be equivalent to a laboratory pyrolysis apparatus, the potential for unexpected chemistries to take place on individual components within a vape mixture is high. Educational programs to inform of the danger are now required, as public perception has grown that vaping is not harmful.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and tracheloside (TCL) are the main lignan components of flaxseed cake and safflower seed cake, which are by‐products of oil extraction. Both SDG and TCL are ...metabolized into mammalian lignan enterolactone (EL) with the involvement of intestinal bacteria. In this research, we evaluated the anti‐osteoporosis effects of SDG and the in vivo metabolites EL and enterodiol (ED) prepared in our previous work, as well as the newly isolated chemical constituents from safflower seed, including TCL, the lactone ring opening product of TCL (OTCL) and two alkaloids on the alloxan‐induced zebrafish model. All the compounds showed significant anti‐osteoporosis effects at 80 µM, with p < 0.05 for EL and p < 0.001 for other compounds compared with the model. SDG and TCL showed the most significant and concentration‐dependent effects, with p < 0.001 compared with model at 20 µM. The alkaloids, N‐coumaroylserotonin glucoside and N‐feruloylserotonin glucoside, also showed anti‐osteoporosis at 20 µM with p < 0.01, whereas EL, ED, and OTCL showed no significant effects. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction revealed that SDG and TCL upregulated the expression of osteogenic genes Runx2, SP7, OPG, Col1a1a, Alp, ON, OPN, and OCN in alloxan‐treated zebrafish. The in vivo metabolite of lignans, EL, showed significant anti‐inflammatory effect (p < 0.01) at 20 µM, which might also help to combat osteoporosis and other complications caused by excessive immune response in the body. The results provided scientific data for using the oil extraction by‐products as sources of anti‐osteoporosis compounds.
Practical Application
This study found that lignans in flaxseed cake and safflower seed cake exhibited anti‐osteoporosis effects by upregulating the expression of osteogenic genes, making the oil extraction by‐products sources of anti‐osteoporosis compounds.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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