A NiCo2S4 nanoparticles composite, in-situ grown on rice husk hierarchical porous carbon, is synthesized through a facile one-step hydrothermal method for energy storage. The NiCo2S4 nanoparticles ...with a size of 20 ± 10 nm are homogeneously distributed on the carbon matrix, leading to a high material utilization and high capacity, significantly outperformed the pure NiCo2S4. The chemical bonds of C-O-Co and C-O-Ni between the NiCo2S4 nanoparticles and the carbon matrix not only result in a superior power density, but also improve the cycling stability. An asymmetrical supercapacitor is assembled using the composite material and commercial YP-50 activated carbon and shows high energy density, high power density and excellent cycling stability. The hydrothermal method can be extended to synthesize other composite materials for energy storage devices.
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•A rice husk hierarchical porous carbon - NiCo2S4 nanocomposite was synthesized.•The nanocomposite was prepared by a facile hydrothermal method.•Both electrodes and devices demonstrated high energy, power density and stability.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•A hierarchically porous carbon functionalized with Fe-Mn oxide was fabricated for superior removal of Hg(II) from water.•The composite exhibits high adsorption efficiency of 96.8% and fast ...adsorption rate for the removal of Hg(II).•The high efficiency is contributed by the synergy between physical and chemical adsorption.•The adsorption kinetics agrees with the pseudo-second order model, and isotherms are consistent with the Freundlich model.
The removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater by adsorption has been central to the environment for decades, where common adsorbent materials are often limited by poor efficiency, complex fabrication and long processing time. Porous carbon derived from biospecies holds promise to address the limitations. In this study we converted bagasse into a carbon composite having hierarchically porous structure; the composite’s dispersion phases – iron oxide and manganese oxide – were synthesized by a simple one-step liquid-phase reaction method. Featuring large specific surface area of 350.8 m2 g−1, the composite demonstrated exceptional Hg (II) removal efficiency of 96.8%, adsorption rate of up to 96.8% within 150 min and adsorption capacity of 9.8 mg g−1. In comparison with other removal materials, our work is outstanding in terms of both removal efficiency and synthesis simplicity. The high efficiency is attributed to the synergy between physical adsorption referring to hierarchically porous structure and chemical adsorption relating to functional complexation processes. It provides a new avenue for the development of high-performance adsorbent materials for heavy metal removal from aqueous media.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Adsorption has been the focus of research on the treatment of heavy metal mercury pollution since it is among the most toxic heavy metals in existence. The US EPA has set a mandatory discharge limit ...of 10 μg Hg L
−1
for wastewater and for drinking water a maximum accepted concentration of 1 μg Hg L
−1
. Physical adsorption and chemical adsorption are the two major mechanisms of adsorption methods used for mercury removal in aqueous sources. The recent decades' research progress is reviewed to elaborate varieties of adsorption materials ranging from materials with large surface area for physical adsorption to metal oxides for chemical adsorption. Many examples are presented to illustrate the adsorption principles and clarify the relationship between the structure and performance of the adsorbents. The combination of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption gives rise to numbers of potential mercury removal composites. This review demonstrates the adsorption mechanism and the performance of varieties of adsorbents, which would provide a comprehensive understanding on the design and fabrication of new materials for the removal of heavy metal ions in water.
Adsorption has been the focus of research on the treatment of heavy metal mercury pollution since it is among the most toxic heavy metals in existence.
Triazole fungicides (TFs) are known to be common environmental contaminants that can be toxic to aquatic animals, but their developmental toxicity is not fully understood. To address this gap, we ...first used a glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα)-mediated dual luciferase reporter gene system to explore the possible development toxicity of ten TFs and found that flusilazole (FLU) exhibited stronger agonistic activity against GRα. Subsequent transcriptome sequencing showed that FLU exposure affected GRα activation and hematopoiesis associated with a variety of biological processes, including responses to corticosteroid release, embryonic hematopoiesis, erythroid differentiation, and the development of hematopoietic or lymphoid organs. Furthermore, based on in situ hybridization and staining techniques, we clarified that FLU decreased the expression of the primitive hematopoietic marker genes gata1 and pu.1. and caused the defects in the posterior blood island (PBI), thereby impacting intermediate hematopoietic processes. Also, FLU significantly reduced the expression of the crucial hematopoietic gene cmyb and disrupted the production of erythrocytes and bone marrow cells during definitive hematopoiesis. Consistently, we found that FLU induced lesions in the kidney, a hematopoietic organ, including the infiltration of inflammatory cells, tubular collapse, reduced tubular filtration area, and interstitial hydronephrosis. We also found that FLU increased aberrant red blood cells in the peripheral blood of zebrafish. These findings provide new insights into the developmental toxicity and ecotoxicological risk of TFs.
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•FLU exhibits significant GRα activation effects among ten triazole fungicides.•Transcript sequencing refers to GRα and hematopoiesis associated biological processes.•FLU disturbs primary, intermediate and definitive hematopoiesis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg, a plant of the Vitaceae family, is often used as a medicine. Modern pharmacological studies have found that its root tubers have a particular anticancer effect. ...Polydatin, piceatannol, resveratrol, and kaempferol could be detected stably in this herbal plant, which are vital indicators for controlling and evaluating its quality. At present, its planting mode is chaotic and complicated. In order to explore the optimal cultivation mode with excellent quality and yield, the agronomic indicators, the indicators of conventional medical materials and the content of active ingredients were determined in this study. Then, their discrepancy under different planting bases and various planting modes was analyzed. The T. hemsleyanum cultivated in the greenhouse had the thickest stems and the longest leaves, as well as the largest aerial and underground biomass. Compared with understory planting, the root tubers have higher total flavonoid content in the greenhouse planting mode. In addition, the index component content of the stereoscopic planting was higher than that of the crawl planting. In summary, greenhouse planting combined with stereoscopic planting mode was conducive to improving the yield and quality of T. hemsleyanum simultaneously. These results provided a more comprehensive reference basis for the artificial planting of T. hemsleyanum. Simultaneously, it provided a theoretical basis for strengthening the sustainable development and utilization of medicinal materials from T. hemsleyanum and protection of resources.
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•“Greenhouse+stereoscopic mode” was the optimum planting mode.•Various modes had distinctions about the quality of medicinal herbs.•Greenhouse mode had higher total flavonoid content of tuber roots.•Stereoscopic planting mode had the fine quality of tuber roots.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Stroke is a serious cardiovascular disease and is also the leading cause of long-term disability in developing and developed countries. Because matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is associated with ...the risk of many cardiovascular diseases, we investigated the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MMP-9 and the risk of Ischemic stroke (IS) in a southern Chinese Han population.
This study included 250 stroke patients and 250 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the Agena MassARRAY system, and chi-squared tests and genetic models were used to evaluate the associations between MMP-9 SNPs and the risk of IS. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age.
Polymorphism rs3787268 was associated with increased the risk of IS. Specifically, the genotype "G/A" significantly correlated with IS risk in the co-dominant model odds ratio (OR) = 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10-2.41; p = 0.035), while genotypes "G/A" and "A/A" may increase the risk of IS based on the dominant model (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.12-2.35; p = 0.0097). This SNP was also significantly associated with IS risk in the log-additive model (OR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.03-1.70; p = 0.026). Conversely, haplotype "C/G" appears to reduce the risk of IS (OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.54-0.95; p = 0.019).
Our study showed that the rs3787268 locus in the MMP-9 gene may increase risk of IS in a southern Chinese Han population and thus provide insight into the IS pathogenesis.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Graphyne (GY) and functionalized GY have become cutting-edge research materials for the scientific community. In the present work, the adsorption of rare bases -cytosine (Cyt), 5-methylcytosine ...(5-meCyt), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt), 5-formoxylcytosine (5-fCyt), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caCyt) on pristine, B- and N-doped γ-GY was investigated by the first-principles density functional method; methods were designed to distinguish these rare bases by the translocation time and sensitivity. Initially, the stability of pristine, B- and N-doped γ-GY was ascertained by the cohesion energy, and the electronic properties were also analyzed by the energy gap and density of state (DOS). When adsorbing over pristine γ-GY, the translocation times of rare bases were 1.34 × 10
1
, 4.71 × 10
1
, 1.19 × 10
4
, 3.77 × 10
−1
and 1.93 × 10
1
s, respectively. The sensitivities were 2.19%, 0.88%, 0.22%, 2.41%, and 0.88%, respectively, which indicates that they were not clearly separated. By doping the impurity atom, the electronic properties can be fine-tuned to change their selectivity. When adsorbing on the B-doped γ-GY, these rare bases showed sensitivities of 24.69%, 27.20%, 43.32%, 29.97%, and 32.24%, respectively. The rare bases showed sensitivities of 10.15%, 9.02%, 17.29%, 0.38%, and 3.76%, respectively, when adsorbing over the N-doped γ-GY, which greatly increases selectivities for recognization. Thus, these results indicate that pristine and doped γ-GY, as the electrical sensing material, can be used to detect rare bases.
The rare bases adsorbed on pristine and B/N-γ-GY nanosheet, the translocation time of 5-hmCyt is the longest and 5-fCyt is the shortst, and for B-γ-GY, the translocation time of rare bases is much longer than that of pure and N-γ-GY.
Objective
We evaluated the difference in parathyroid visualization on
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F-FCH PET/CT images obtained at 5 and 60 min, and quantitatively analyzed the mode of FCH uptake at different time points, to ...determine the best imaging time for FCH PET/CT.
Methods
This retrospective study included 73 patients with hyperparathyroidism (HPT) who underwent
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F-FCH PET/CT imaging between December 2017 and December 2021. The diagnostic efficiency of 5- and 60-min dual time point imaging for the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid adenoma and hyperplasia, were compared using visual and quantitative analyses.
Results
Dual-time
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F-FCH PET/CT imaging visual analysis had diagnostic value for HPT. The receiver operating characteristic curve of PET/CT quantitative parameters for the diagnosis of HPT and lesions showed that the parathyroid/thyroid SUVmax ratio for 60-min imaging had a higher sensitivity and specificity (based on patient, sensitivity: 90.90% and specificity: 85.71%; based on focus, sensitivity: 83.06% and specificity: 85.71%) compared to that for 5-min imaging. PET/CT quantitative parameters can distinguish parathyroid adenoma and hyperplasia. The 60-min parathyroid SUVmax value had the highest diagnostic value (cutoff: 3.945; area under the curve: 0.783).
Conclusion
The quantitative parameters of 60min
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F-FCH PET/CT have more advantages in aiding in the pathologica diagnosis and clinical treatment of HPT.
Medical image segmentation plays a key role in the diagnosis of spinal diseases. Unet has become a universal structure for image segmentation because of its unique skip connection structure in recent ...years. However, since Unet uses small-kernel convolution, the relationship between remote features is difficult to obtain due to the small receptive fields, and the key information cannot be highlighted, resulting in insufficient edge information. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes multiscale large-kernel convolution Unet (MLKCA-Unet), which develops MLKC block for effective feature extraction. Large-kernel convolution with different convolution kernels is used according to the feature map. For large feature maps, smaller large- kernel convolution is used, and for small feature maps, larger large-kernel convolution is used. All large-kernel convolution can be reduced the dimension by 1 × 1 convolution kernel. This method has a significant reduction in computation. By paralleling each large kernel convolution branch with the 3 × 3 convolution branch, it helps to capture detailed information. At the same time, an attention mechanism is added to the network to emphasize rich feature areas and enhance useful information. Finally, various indicators are employed to evaluate the network’s accuracy, similarity and speed, including IOU, DSC, TPR, PPV, and ET. The published spinesagt2wdataset3 spinal MRI image dataset is adopted in the experiment. The IOU, DSC, TPR, PPV, and ET on the test set are 0.8302, 0.9017, 0.9000, 0.9051 and 70 s/epoch respectively. The experimental result shows that MLKCA-Unet demonstrates superior segmentation performance and robustness, which can be well extended to other medical image segmentation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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