Adsorption is a widely applied technique in producing high‐purity chemicals with advantages of low energy consumption, high selectivity, and mild operating conditions. However, traditional adsorbents ...have inflexible properties and suffer from the trade‐off between selective adsorption and efficient desorption. Recently, the emerging photoresponsive adsorbents have provided new avenues for adsorption techniques. Active sites of photoresponsive adsorbents can be regulated through steric hindrance or tunable adsorbent‐adsorbate interactions. Therefore, variation in adsorptive capacity is able to readily achieve through photomodulation, and the corresponding adsorption/desorption cycles are energy‐saving. This concept mainly summarizes recent efforts on the fabrication and application of photoresponsive adsorbents with tunable active sites. Also, the future opportunities and critical challenges of photoregulation on adsorptive sites are presented.
Photomodulation on adsorptive sites is an emerging strategy to achieve selective adsorption and efficient desorption. Compared with traditional adsorption techniques, active sites of photoresponsive adsorbents can be flexibly regulated by light irradiation based on the demands of adsorption process. This concept summarizes recent advances in this field and highlights the exquisite strategies of photoregulation on active sites.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Aims
To investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a dual‐acting glucokinase activator, dorzagliatin, and its safety, tolerability and effect on pancreatic β‐cell function in Chinese ...patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Materials and methods
A total of 24 T2D patients were selected, utilizing a set of predefined clinical biomarkers, and were randomized to receive dorzagliatin 75 mg twice or once daily (BID, QD respectively) for 28 days. Changes in HbA1c and glycaemic parameters from baseline to Day 28 were assessed. In addition, changes in β‐cell function from baseline to Day 32 were evaluated.
Results
Significant reductions in HbA1c were observed in both regimens on Day 28 (−0.79%, 75 mg BID; −1.22%, 75 mg QD). Similar trends were found in the following parameters, including reductions from baseline in fasting plasma glucose by 1.20 mmol/L and 1.51 mmol/L, in 2‐hour postprandial glucose by 2.48 mmol/L and 5.03 mmol/L, and in glucose AUC0–24 by 18.59% and 20.98%, for the BID and QD groups, respectively. Both regimens resulted in improvement in β‐cell function as measured by steady state HOMA 2 parameter, %B, which increased by 36.31% and 40.59%, and by dynamic state parameter, ΔC30/ΔG30, which increased by 24.66% and 167.67%, for the BID and QD groups, respectively. Dorzagliatin was well tolerated in both regimens, with good pharmacokinetic profiles.
Conclusions
Dorzagliatin treatment for 28 days in Chinese T2D patients, selected according to predefined biomarkers, resulted in significant improvement in β‐cell function and glycaemic control. The safety and pharmacokinetic profile of dorzagliatin supports a subsequent Phase II trial design and continued clinical development.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Visible-light-driven organic transformations have received much attention because of their low cost, relative safety, and environmental friendliness. In this work, we report a series of Bi
2
S
3
...@ZIF-8 core-shell heterostructures prepared using a simple and efficient self-assembly process. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated using the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation and the results show that the core-shell Bi
2
S
3
@ZIF-8 heterostructure can remarkably enhance the photocatalytic efficiency at room temperature compared to pristine Bi
2
S
3
nanorods. In addition, the Bi
2
S
3
@ZIF-8 composite with a Bi/Zn molar ratio of 1/10 demonstrates good structural stability after the degradation experiment and its photocatalytic activity remains at about 95% after the five recycling tests. The improved photocatalytic performance can be attributed to the larger specific surface area, increased light absorption, and more efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs due to the combined effects of Bi
2
S
3
and ZIF-8. Moreover, the synergistic photocatalysis mechanism was investigated.
A series of Bi
2
S
3
@ZIF-8 core-shell heterostructures has been synthesized using
in situ
self-assembly, which exhibit enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B under visible-light irradiation, reaching 25.3 times that observed for pristine Bi
2
S
3
and 26.7 times that found for commercial Degussa P25.
The enantioselective construction of C-CF
R (R: alkyl or fluoroalkyl) bonds has attracted the attention of synthetic chemists because of the importance of chiral fluorinated compounds in life and ...materials sciences. Catalytic asymmetric fluoroalkylation has mainly been realized under organocatalysis and Lewis acid catalysis, with substrates limited to carbonyl compounds. Few examples using transition-metal catalysis exist, owing to side reactions including decomposition and isomerization of fluoroalkylating reagents. Herein we report umpolung asymmetric difluoroallylation of hydrazones with 3-bromo-3,3-difluoropropene (BDFP) under palladium catalysis. Difluoroallylation products having quaternary chiral carbon centers are afforded in good yields with high α/γ- and enantioselectivities. The usefulness of the reaction products is demonstrated and an inner-sphere mechanism of the reaction is proposed. The use of chiral N-heterocyclic carbene as ligand is the key for the selectivities as well as the productivity of the reaction.
►
fac- and
mer-LM
A(CN)
3
− as monoanionic tricyanometalate precursors. ► Tricyanometalate precursors result in clusters and 1D molecular architectures. ► Cyano-bridged compounds with various ...structures and magnetic properties and magnetic properties. ► The magnetic properties are related with the structural topologies.
Cyano-bridged molecule-based magnetic materials with reduced dimensionality, such as single-molecule magnets (SMMs) and single-chain magnets (SCMs), have attracted great research interest during the last decade. Among the cyano-based molecular precursors with ample coordinating capability, we note the ability of the tricyanometalate to link various metal ions lead to a wide diversity of structural architectures ranging from discrete polynuclear complexes to various one-dimensional (1D) assemblies. Some of them are promising cyano-bridged SMMs and SCMs. The use of capping tridentate organic ligands results in a number of clusters containing di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, octa-, fourteen-nuclear and various 1D metal-cyanide molecular architectures. Here we review the structural topologies of these complexes and their related magnetic properties, highlight typical examples, and point out the main possible directions that remain to be developed in this field. From the crystal engineering point of view, the compounds reviewed here should provide useful information for further design and investigation on this elusive class of cyano-bridged SMMs and SCMs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Flood risk evaluation and prediction represents an essential analytic step to coherently link flood control and disaster mitigation. The paper established a hybrid evaluation model based on fuzzy ...analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and triangular fuzzy number. It comprises flood risk evaluation and prediction to obtain risk factors ranking and comprehensive flood risk prediction, and then analyzed flood risk response measures. A case study is proposed entailing a flood risk evaluation and prediction in the Lower Yangtze River region. The evaluation results showed that the proposed evaluation and prediction model was capable of adequately representing the actual setting. In addition, a comparison with the previously described AHP and trapezoidal fuzzy AHP, and experimental results are encouraging, which fully demonstrates the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The detection of volatile amines is necessary due to the serious toxicity hazards they pose to human skin, respiratory systems, and nervous systems. However, traditional amines detection methods ...require bulky equipment, high costs, and complex measurements. Herein, we report a new simple, rapid, convenient, and visual method for the detection of volatile amines based on the gas-solid reactions of tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (TCBQ) and volatile amines. The gas-solid reactions of TCBQ with a variety of volatile amines showed a visually distinct color in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, TCBQ can be easily fabricated into simple and flexible rapid test strips for detecting and distinguishing
-propylamine from other volatile amines, including ethylamine,
-butyamine,
-pentamine,
-butyamine and dimethylamine, in less than 3 s without any equipment assistance.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
We investigated whether glycemic control affects the relation between endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
In 102 type 2 diabetic ...patients with stable angina, endothelial function was evaluated using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) with high-resolution ultrasound, and significant stenosis of major epicardial coronary arteries (≥ 50% diameter narrowing) and degree of coronary atherosclerosis (Gensini score and SYNTAX score) were determined. The status of glycemic control was assessed by blood concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
The prevalence of significant coronary artery stenosis (67.9% vs. 37.0%, P = 0.002) and degree of coronary atherosclerosis (Gensini score: 48.99 ± 48.88 vs. 15.07 ± 21.03, P < 0.001; SYNTAX score: 15.88 ± 16.36 vs. 7.28 ± 10.54, P = 0.003) were higher and FMD was lower (6.03 ± 2.08% vs. 6.94 ± 2.20%, P = 0.036) in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%; n = 56) compared to those with good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7.0%; n = 46). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that tertile of FMD was an independent determinant of presence of significant coronary artery stenosis (OR = 0.227 95% CI 0.056-0.915, P = 0.037), Gensini score (β = - 0.470, P < 0.001) and SYNTAX score (β = - 0.349, P = 0.004) in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control but not for those with good glycemic control (P > 0.05).
Poor glycemic control negatively influences the association of endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease in T2DM patients.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
As one of mature enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies, polymer flooding has been extensively applied in oilfield. In this study, new hydrophobically associative copolymers were synthesized by ...free‐radical polymerization of acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), vinyl‐modified β‐cyclodextrins, and a water‐soluble hydrophobic macromonomer (AA‐APE‐20). Fourier transform infrared, proton‐nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy verified the structure of hydrophobically associative polymers (HDAPAMs). Compared with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), multiple intermolecular forces including chelation between ethoxyl (EO) group and Ca2+/Mg2+, electrostatic bridges between EO groups and carboxyl groups (COO−), hydrogen bonding between EO groups and AM groups (CONH2), hydrophobic association among nonyl phenol groups, and host‐guest inclusion interaction endowed HDAPAMs favorable temperature‐resistance, salt‐resistance, and displacement efficiency. It was found that HDAPAMs showed evident temperature‐response, salt thickening effect, favorable thixotropy, and viscoelasticity. Compared with HPAM, the core flooding experiments demonstrated that HDAPAMs could further enhance 6.97% to 8.43% oil recovery, even after HPAM flooding used. All the results revealed the EOR potential in HDAPAMs flooding.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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