Abstract
In this paper, a cylindrical FPSO is analyzed. Firstly, the structural characteristics and structural layout principles are introduced. The overall structural model of the main hull of the ...cylindrical FPSO is established by using the three-dimensional finite element design software. According to the actual situation in the operation process, the boundary conditions and load cases are determined. Finally, the yield strength of the main hull is checked. This paper has a certain guiding significance for the design of cylindrical FPSO.
Drawing from social exchange and self-concept-based leadership theories, we investigate how paternalistic leadership — authoritarian, benevolent, and moral — affects employee voice from leader–member ...exchange (LMX) and status-judgment perspectives in the Chinese context. Data from 402 employees and their supervisors show that LMX and status-judgment mechanisms could work simultaneously in transmitting the influences of paternalistic leadership behaviors to employee voice. Authoritarian paternalistic leaders reduce employee voice by reducing their status judgment. Benevolent paternalistic leaders encourage employee voice by enhancing both LMX and status judgment. Moral paternalistic leaders positively influence employee voice mainly through LMX processes. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of the findings.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK
Cancer immunotherapy has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of malignant tumors, but its effectiveness is limited by the low immune response rate and immune‐related adverse events. ...Pyroptosis, as an inflammatory programmed cell death type, triggers strong acute inflammatory response and antitumor immunity, converting “cold” tumors to “hot”. Particularly, biomaterials loading pyroptosis inducers targeting the tumor microenvironment to engineer pyroptosis, have achieved great progress in recent years. Herein, the design strategy, mechanism pathway, and role of biomaterials to induce pyroptosis in cancer immunotherapy are comprehensively reviewed. The present review focuses on the application of biomaterials‐induced pyroptosis in cancer immunotherapy, including nanogel, polymer prodrug, nanovesicle, and mesoporous material. Additionally, the synthesis of a series of stimuli‐responsive nanoplatforms, including glutathione‐responsive, pH‐responsive, reactive oxygen species‐responsive, and enzyme‐mimicking catalytic performance, is described. Meanwhile, it augments multiple immune response processes of cell uptake, antigen presentation, T‐cell activation, and expansion. Finally, the perspectives of pyroptosis‐mediated inflammation to break through the tumor vascular basement membrane barrier achieving efficient volcanic penetration of biomaterials are discussed. Artificial intelligence, multi‐omics analysis, and anthropogenic animal models of organoids are presented, aiming to provide guidance and assistance for constructing effective and controllable pyroptosis‐engineered biomaterials and improving tumor immunotherapy.
Cancer immunotherapy has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of malignancies, but its effectiveness is limited by low immune response rates. Tailored biomaterials precisely elicit pyroptosis, which is the plausible way to fuel a strong antitumor immune response. In this review, the design strategies, and mechanisms of biomaterial to induce pyroptosis and significance in tumor immunotherapy are discussed.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study, we built and tested a theoretical model to determine how ethical leadership affects team creativity among teams composed of different characteristics. Following social learning theory ...and an antecedentbenefit—cost framework, we conducted analyses of multisource data from 50 team supervisors and 186 employees, which revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between ethical leadership and team creativity. The teams exhibited more creativity when there was a moderate level of ethical leadership than when there were very low or very high levels. Moreover, from an interactional perspective, we found that team faultlines significantly moderated the curvilinear relationship between ethical leadership and team creativity such that the inverted U-shaped relationship was more significant among teams with weak team faultlines. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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•Structural features of silver sulfide/thiolate and silver thiolate clusters.•Structural features of silver selenide/selenolate clusters.•Structural features of silver tellurolate and ...silver telluride/tellurolate clusters.•Structural features of silver dithiophosphate/diselenophosphate clusters.•Optical and electronic properties of high nuclearity silver(I) chalcogenolate clusters.
The high-nuclearity silver(I) clusters, a novel class of supramolecular assembly of silver(I) complexes, were usually prepared by incorporating silver ions with various ligands. Notably, a large number of argentophilic interactions exist in the high-nuclearity silver clusters. These interactions influence significantly a variety of structural and other physical characteristics. Thus, we will summarize the synthesis and structure of high-nuclearity silver(I) clusters with chalcogenide E2− (E=S, Se and Te), chalcogenolate RE− (E=S, Se and Te), dichalcogenophosphate (RO)2PE2− (E=S and Se), and dichalcogenophosphonate R(R’O)PS2− or RP(O)S22−. This results in deeper understanding of the relationship between synthesis conditions and the finally isolated products. The literature survey is up to December 2015 and the review represents the first article covering the span of various types of high-nuclearity Ag-E clusters and should contribute considerable value for future research.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
Novel carbazole-oxadiazoles were developed as new potential antibacterial agents to combat dreadful resistance. Some target compounds displayed predominant inhibitory effects on the tested ...Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, and carbazole-oxadiazoles 5g, 5i–k, 16a–c, and tetrazole analogues 23b–c were found to be efficient in impeding the growth of MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (MICs = 0.25–4 μg/mL). Furthermore, compounds 5g and 23b–c not only possessed rapid bactericidal ability and low tendency to develop resistance but also exhibited low cytotoxic effects toward Hek 293T, HeLa, and red blood cells (RBCs), especially molecule 5g also showed low toxicity in vivo, which showed the therapeutic potential of these compounds. Further exploration indicated that compounds 5g, 5i, and 23b–c could disintegrate the integrity of bacterial cell membranes to leak the cytoplasmic contents, thus exerting excellent antibacterial effects. These facts mean that carbazole-based antibacterial agents might have bright prospects in confronting bacterial infections.
Hypertrophic scar (HS) formation is a skin fibroproliferative disease that occurs following a cutaneous injury, leading to functional and cosmetic impairment. To date, few therapeutic treatments ...exhibit satisfactory outcomes. The mechanical force has been shown to be a key regulator of HS formation, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. The Piezo1 channel has been identified as a novel mechanically activated cation channel (MAC) and is reportedly capable of regulating force-mediated cellular biological behaviors. However, the mechanotransduction role of Piezo1 in HS formation has not been investigated. In this work, we found that Piezo1 was overexpressed in myofibroblasts of human and rat HS tissues. In vitro, cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS) increased Piezo1 expression and Piezo1-mediated calcium influx in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). In addition, Piezo1 activity promoted HDFs proliferation, motility, and differentiation in response to CMS. More importantly, intradermal injection of GsMTx4, a Piezo1-blocking peptide, protected rats from stretch-induced HS formation. Together, Piezo1 was shown to participate in HS formation and could be a novel target for the development of promising therapies for HS formation.
Accelerated soil erosion in cropland is a major threat to food production. However, northeastern China (NEC) is one of the most important food production areas in China, and soil erosion in this ...region has attracted little attention because of its flatter terrain and smaller sediment load than other regions in China. To obtain a clear understanding of cropland soil erosion in northeastern China on a historical basis, data on cropland area over the past 300 years and a 2012 national water conservancy survey were used to quantify the temporal and spatial changes in cropland soil erosion in northeastern China from 1653 to 2012. From 1653 to 2012, a total of 44.28 Gt of soil eroded from cropland in northeastern China at an average rate of 0.12 Gt yr−1, and 53% of this erosion occurred after 1950. Controlled by the intensity of the opening up of waste land, the average cropland erosion rate was low from 1653 to 1949, it increased dramatically between 1950 and 1980, and it decreased after the implementation of ecological policies after 1999. The annual soil loss was 0.01 Gt yr−1 for 1653–1739, 0.04 Gt yr−1 for 1740–1791, 0.09 Gt yr−1 for 1792–1910, and 0.15 Gt yr−1 for 1911–1949, whereas the values were 0.37 Gt yr−1 for 1950–1999 and 0.46 Gt yr−1 for 2000–2012. Cropland erosion mainly occurred in Liaoning (Liao) Province before 1780 but has expanded to Jilin (Ji) and Heilongjiang (Hei) Provinces since then. By 1980, 42% of the land in NEC had been cultivated, and 78% of that land was being eroded at an erosion rate higher than the tolerance soil loss (T); these proportions became 46% and 82%, respectively, by 2012. Hei Province contained the largest eroded cropland area after 1950. The exponential increase in the cropland soil loss resulted from the increase in the cropland acreage in the steep slope area.
•Spatial distribution of erosion rate in cropland was presented.•Spatial changes of cropland soil erosion over past 300 years were analyzed.•Long-term trends of cropland soil erosion were analyzed.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Thiols, alkynyls and phosphines are the most widely used organic ligands to attain atomically precise metal nanoclusters, while oxometalates as inorganic ligands have almost been neglected in this ...field. Here, we used oxometalates (e.g., MoO42− and WO42−) as protecting ligands along with phosphines, such as 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb), to design and synthesize a new class of silver nanoclusters including Ag28(dppb)6(MoO4)4, Ag28(dppb)6(WO4)4 and Ag32(dppb)12(MoO4)4(NO3)4. Each cluster consists of a two-shell Ag4@Ag24 core protected by 4 oxometalates. These clusters exhibit similar optical absorption and photoluminescence properties that are not dependent on surface ligands. Furthermore, the electronic structure analysis shows that the clusters are 20-electron “superatoms”. This work demonstrates that oxometalates can play a key role in the formation of silver nanoclusters, and the effect of oxometalates should be considered in the design and synthesis of metal nanoclusters.
Objective: To explore the potential effect of miR-125b on p53-mediated regulation of Bax/Cytochrome C/Caspase-3 apoptotic signaling pathway in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) injury.
...Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to conduct CIR injury and injected with miR-125b mimic/inhibitor or p53 inhibitor (Pifithrin-α, PFT-α). Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to analyze the targeting relationship between miR-125b and p53. Longa scoring and Triphenyl tetrazolinm chloride (TTC) staining were used to test the neurologic function and determine infarct size, respectively. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Nissl's stainings were conducted to observe the morphology of cortical neurons. Neuronal nuclei (NeuN) expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining. QRT-PCR was performed to detect the expressions of miR-125b and p53. TUNEL staining and Western blotting was used to determine neuronal apoptosis and expressions of Bax/Cytochrome C/Caspase-3 signaling pathway-related proteins, respectively.
Results: Our results showed that miR-125b could directly target p53. As observed, overexpression of miR-125b could obviously reduce the neurological score, infarct size, and brain water content after CIR in rats, which also improved the morphology of cortical neurons, increased the number of neurons, reduced neuronal apoptosis, and inhibited the expressions of Bax/Cytochrome C/Caspase-3 pathway. Moreover,the similar results were observed in rats with CIR after injected with PFT-α. But no significant differences in each index were found in CIR group and CIR + anti-miR-125b + PFT-α group.
Conclusion: MiR-125b exerts protective effects on CIR injury through inhibition of Bax/Cytochrome C/Caspase-3signaling pathway via targeting p53, which is likely to be a promising treatment for CIR.
Abbreviations: 3'-UTR: 3-untranslated region; CIR: cerebral ischemia-reperfusion; CIS: cerebral ischemic stroke; PFT-α: Pifithrin-α; PVDF: polyvinylidene fluoride; SD: Sprague-Dawley; TBST: tris buffered saline with tween. TTC staining: Triphenyl tetrazolinm chloride staining; TUNEL: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling.
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