•A decomposed convolutional neural network model was established based on rs-fMRI connectivity.•The model paired with the Dos_160 atlas can be effectively applied to the diagnosis of tinnitus.•This ...study pinpointed key brain regions for subjective tinnitus using a data-driven approach.
Many studies have investigated aberrant functional connectivity (FC) using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in subjective tinnitus patients. However, no studies have verified the efficacy of resting-state FC as a diagnostic imaging marker. We established a convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on rs-fMRI FC to distinguish tinnitus patients from healthy controls, providing guidance and fast diagnostic tools for the clinical diagnosis of subjective tinnitus.
A CNN architecture was trained on rs-fMRI data from 100 tinnitus patients and 100 healthy controls using an asymmetric convolutional layer. Additionally, a traditional machine learning model and a transfer learning model were included for comparison with the CNN, and each of the three models was tested on three different brain atlases.
Of the three models, the CNN model outperformed the other two models with the highest area under the curve, especially on the Dos_160 atlas (AUC = 0.944). Meanwhile, the model with the best classification performance highlights the crucial role of the default mode network, salience network, and sensorimotor network in distinguishing between normal controls and patients with subjective tinnitus.
Our CNN model could appropriately tackle the diagnosis of tinnitus patients using rs-fMRI and confirmed the diagnostic value of FC as measured by rs-fMRI.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•The functional gradient from primary to transmodal networks was disrupted in ARHL.•The DMN and VN may play a key role in auditory brain associated with cognition.•The aberrant gradient among triple ...networks was linked to cognitive decline in ARHL.
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), one of the most common sensory deficits in elderly individuals, is a risk factor for dementia; however, it is unclear how ARHL affects the decline in cognitive function. To address this issue, a connectome gradient framework was used to identify critical features of information integration between sensory and cognitive processing centers using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 40 individuals with ARHL and 36 healthy controls (HCs). The first three functional gradient alterations associated with ARHL were investigated at the global, network and regional levels. Using a support vector machine (SVM) model, our analysis distinguished individuals with ARHL with normal cognitive function from those with cognitive decline. Compared to HCs, individuals with ARHL had a contracted principal primary-to-transmodal gradient axis, especially in the visual and default mode networks, with an altered gradient explained ratio and variance. Among individuals with ARHL, cognitive decline was detected in the visual network in the principal gradient as well as in the limbic, salience and default mode networks in the third gradient (salience to frontoparietal/default mode). These results suggest that ARHL is associated with disrupted information processing from the primary sensory networks to higher-order cognitive networks and highlight the key nodes closely associated with cognitive decline during cognitive processing in ARHL, providing new insights into the mechanism of cognitive impairment and suggesting potential treatments related to ARHL.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Environmental pollution induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in mammalian oocytes, which can cause defects in reproduction; however, the molecular regulation of oxidative stress in oocytes is still ...largely unknown. In the present study, we identified that dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) is an important molecule regulating oocyte mitochondrial function and preventing oxidative stress/apoptosis. DRP1 is a member of the dynamin GTPase superfamily localized at the mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum interaction site, where it regulates the fission of mitochondria and other related cellular processes.
Our results show that DRP1 was stably expressed during different stages of porcine oocyte meiosis, and might have a potential relationship with mitochondria as it exhibited similar localization. Loss of DRP1 activity caused failed porcine oocyte maturation and cumulus cell expansion, as well as defects in polar body extrusion. Further analysis indicated that a DRP1 deficiency caused mitochondrial dysfunction and induced oxidative stress, which was confirmed by increased reactive oxygen species levels. Moreover, the incidence of early apoptosis increased as detected by positive Annexin-V signaling.
Taken together, our results indicate that DRP1 is essential for porcine oocyte maturation and that a DRP1 deficiency could induce mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective
The insula is an important part of the posttraumatic headache (PTH) attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) neuropathological activity pattern. It is composed of functionally ...different subdivisions and each of which plays different role in PTH neuropathology.
Methods
Ninety-four mTBI patients were included in this study. Based on perfusion imaging data obtained from arterial spin labelling (ASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this study evaluated the insular subregion perfusion-based functional connectivity (FC) and its correlation with clinical characteristic parameters in patients with PTH after mTBI and non-headache mTBI patients.
Results
The insular subregions of mTBI + PTH (mTBI patients with PTH) and mTBI-PTH (mTBI patients without PTH) group had positive perfusion-based functional connections with other insular nuclei and adjacent discrete cortical regions. Compared with mTBI-PTH group, significantly increased resting-state perfusion-based FC between the anterior insula (AI) and middle cingulate cortex (MCC)/Rolandic operculum (ROL), between posterior insula (PI) and supplementary motor area (SMA), and decreased perfusion-based FC between PI and thalamus were found in mTBI + PTH group. Changes in the perfusion-based FC of the left posterior insula/dorsal anterior insula with the thalamus/MCC were significant correlated with headache characteristics.
Conclusions
Our findings provide new ASL-based evidence for changes in the perfusion-based FC of the insular subregion in PTH patients attributed to mTBI and the association with headache features, revealing the possibility of potential neuroplasticity after PTH. These findings may contribute to early diagnosis of the disease and follow-up of disease progression.
Purpose: Individuals with presbycusis often show deficits on cognitive function, however, the exact neurophysiological mechanisms are not well understood. This study explored the alterations in ...intra- and inter-network functional connectivity (FC) of multiple networks in presbycusis patients, and further correlated FC with cognitive assessment scores to assess their ability to predict cognitive impairment. Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed in 40 presbycusis patients and 40 matched controls, and 12 resting state networks (RSNs) were identified by independent component analysis (ICA) approach. Two-sample t-test was carried out to detect the intra-network FC differences, and function network connectivity (FNC) was calculated to compare the inter-network FC differences. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was subsequently used to explore the correlation between altered FC and cognitive assessment scores. Results: Our study demonstrated that patients with presbycusis showed significantly decreased FC in subcortical limbic network (scLN), default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN) and attention network (AN) compared with the control group. Moreover, the connectivity for scLN-AUN (auditory network) and VN (visual network)-DMN were found significantly increased while AN-DMN was found significantly decreased in presbycusis patients. Ultimately, this study revealed the intra- and inter-network alterations associated with some cognitive assessment scores. Conclusion: This study observed intra- and inter-network FC alterations in presbycusis patients, and investigated that presbycusis can lead to abnormal connectivity of RSNs and plasticity compensation mechanism, which may be the basis of cognitive impairment, suggesting that FNC can be used to predict potential cognitive impairment in their early stage.
Presbycusis, associated with a diminished quality of life characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies, has become an increasingly critical public health problem. This ...study aimed to identify directed functional connectivity (FC) of the hippocampus in patients with presbycusis and to explore the causes if the directed functional connections of the hippocampus were disrupted. Presbycusis patients (
n
= 32) and age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (
n
= 40) were included in this study. The seed regions of bilateral hippocampus were selected to identify directed FC in patients with presbycusis using Granger causality analysis (GCA) approach. Correlation analyses were conducted to detect the associations of disrupted directed FC of hippocampus with clinical measures of presbycusis. Compared to healthy controls, decreased directed FC between inferior parietal lobule, insula, right supplementary motor area, middle temporal gyrus and hippocampus were detected in presbycusis patients. Furthermore, a negative correlation between TMB score and the decline of directed FC from left inferior parietal lobule to left hippocampus (r = −0.423,
p
= 0.025) and from right inferior parietal lobule to right hippocampus (r = −0.516,
p
= 0.005) were also observed. The decreased directed functional connections of the hippocampus were detected in patients with presbycusis, which was associated with specific cognitive performance. This study mainly emphasizes the crucial role of hippocampus in presbycusis and will enhance our understanding of the neuropathological mechanisms of presbycusis.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), associated with the function of speech perception decreases characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies, has become an increasingly ...critical public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the topological features of the brain functional network and structural dysfunction of the central nervous system in ARHL using graph theory.
Forty-six patients with ARHL and forty-five age, sex, and education-matched healthy controls were recruited to undergo a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan in this study. Graph theory was applied to analyze the topological properties of the functional connectomes by studying the local and global organization of neural networks.
Compared with healthy controls, the patient group showed increased local efficiency (E
) and clustering coefficient (C
) of the small-world network. Besides, the degree centrality (Dc) and nodal efficiency (Ne) values of the left inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) in the patient group showed a decrease in contrast with the healthy control group. In addition, the intra-modular interaction of the occipital lobe module and the inter-modular interaction of the parietal occipital module decreased in the patient group, which was positively correlated with Dc and Ne. The intra-modular interaction of the occipital lobe module decreased in the patient group, which was negatively correlated with the E
.
Based on fMRI and graph theory, we indicate the aberrant small-world network topology in ARHL and dysfunctional interaction of the occipital lobe and parietal lobe, emphasizing the importance of dysfunctional left IOG. These results suggest that early diagnosis and treatment of patients with ARHL is necessary, which can avoid the transformation of brain topology and decreased brain function.
To investigate resting-state connectivity and further understand directional aspects of implicit alterations in presbycusis patients, we used degree centrality (DC) and Granger causality analysis ...(GCA) to detect functional hubs of the whole-brain network and then analyze directional connectivity. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were performed on 40 presbycusis patients and 40 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education. We used DC analysis and GCA to characterize abnormal brain networks in presbycusis patients. The associations of network centrality and directed functional connectivity (FC) with clinical measures of presbycusis were also examined according to the above results. We found that the network centrality of left frontal middle gyrus (MFG) was significantly lower than that of healthy control group. Unidirectionally, the left MFG revealed increased directional connectivity to the left superior frontal gyrus (SFG), while the left MFG exhibited decreased directional connectivity to the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and right lingual gyrus (LinG). And the decreased directional connectivity was found from the left precentral gyrus (PrCG) to the left MFG. In addition, the Trail-Making Test B (TMT-B) score was negatively correlated with the decreased DC of the left MFG (r = −0.359,
p
= 0.032). Resting-state fMRI provides a novel method for identifying aberrant brain network architecture. These results primarily indicate altered functional hubs and abnormal frontal lobe connectivity patterns that may further reflect executive dysfunction in patients with presbycusis.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
This study aimed to investigate abnormal static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) and its association with cognitive function in patients with presbycusis.
In total, 60 patients with ...presbycusis and 60 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and cognitive assessments. Group independent component analysis (ICA) was carried out on the rs-fMRI data, and eight resting-state networks (RSNs) were identified. Static and dynamic FNCs (sFNC and dFNC) were then constructed to evaluate differences in RSN connectivity between the patients with presbycusis and the HCs. Furthermore, the correlations between these differences and cognitive scores were analyzed.
Patients with presbycusis had differences in sFNC compared with HCs, mainly reflected in decreased sFNC in the default mode network (DMN)-left frontoparietal network (LFPN) and attention network (AN)-cerebellum network (CN) pairs, but they had increased sFNC in the auditory network (AUN) between DMN domains. The decreased sFNC in the DMN-LFPN pair was negatively correlated with their TMT-B score (
= -0.441,
= 0.002). Patients with presbycusis exhibited aberrant dFNCs in State 2 and decreased dFNCs between the CN and AN and the visual network (VN). Moreover, the presbycusis group had a shorter mean dwell time (MDT) and fraction time (FT) in State 3 (
= 0.0027;
= 0.0031, respectively).
This study highlighted differences in static and dynamic functional connectivity in patients with presbycusis and suggested that FNC may serve as an important biomarker of cognitive performance since abnormal alterations can better track cognitive impairment in presbycusis.
Abstract
Background
Recently, defects in mammalian oocytes maturation induced by environmental pollution results in the decreasing animal reproduction. Animal exposed to glyphosate is largely ...unavoidable because glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicide worldwide due to its high-efficiency and broad-spectrum effects, which causes glyphosate an environmental contaminant found in soil, water and food. During the last few years, the growing and wider use of glyphosate has raised great concerns about its effects of reproductive toxicity. In this study, using porcine models, we investigated effects of glyphosate on organelle functions during oocyte meiosis.
Results
The results showed glyphosate exposure disrupted porcine oocyte maturation. Expression levels of cumulus expansion-related genes were interfered, further indicating the meiotic defects. The damaging effects were mediated by destruction of mitochondrial distribution and functions, which induced ROS accumulation and oxidative stress, also indicated by the decreased mRNA expression of related antioxidant enzyme genes. We also found an interference of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) distribution, disturbance of Ca
2+
homeostasis, as well as fluctuation of ER stress, showing with the reduced ER stress-related mRNA or protein expression, which could indicate the dysfunction of ER for protein processing and signal transduction in glyphosate-exposed oocytes. Moreover, glyphosate exposure induced the disruption of lysosome function for autophagy, showing with the decrease of LAMP2 expression and autophagy-related genes mRNA expression. Additionally, our data showed the distribution of Golgi apparatus and the functions of ribosome were disturbed after glyphosate exposure, which might affect protein synthesis and transport.
Conclusions
Collectively, our study showed that exposed to glyphosate could affect animal reproduction by compromising the quality of oocytes through its wide toxic effects on organelle functions.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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