Aiming at the problem of low student enthusiasm in piano teaching, this work tried to apply “Pygmalion effect” to piano teaching from the perspective of educational psychology. Forty-five students ...were chosen from nine classes in grades 2, 4, and 6 of a central elementary school in Beijing City using experimental research, and the experimental group and the control group were set up. A questionnaire was adopted to conduct the pre-test and post-test of the experiment, which were done to analyze the factors that affect the attitude of students toward music learning and the effect of piano teaching. The results show that the encouragement level of the piano teacher and the enthusiasm of the students in the piano course were significantly correlated at the 0.01 level. There was also a significant correlation between self-efficacy and student piano learning enthusiasm at the 0.01 level. Furthermore, the pre-test and post-test results showed that the students in the experimental group of each grade generally performed much better in piano learning than the students in the control group, which proves that the “Pygmalion effect” can play an excellent interventional role in piano teaching. In this research, the value of “Pygmalion effect” in the educational psychology of piano music education in primary schools was deeply studied to explore the possibility of a novel piano teaching model. The research results show that teacher encouragement can stimulate the subjective initiative of students and make them perform better in piano learning. This research provides reference and ideas for the combination of education- and psychology-related research in the music classroom.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of processing methods on the content of biogenic amines in Zijuan tea by using derivatization and hot trichloroacetic acid extraction with HPLC-UV. The ...results showed that the most abundant biogenic amine in the original leaves was butylamine, followed by ethylamine, methylamine, 1,7-diaminoheptane, histamine, tyramine, and 2-phenethylamine. However, during the process of producing green tea, white tea, and black tea, the content of ethylamine increased sharply, which directly led to their total contents of biogenic amines increasing by 184.4%, 169.3%, and 178.7% compared with that of the original leaves, respectively. Unexpectedly, the contents of methylamine, ethylamine, butylamine, and tyramine in dark tea were significantly reduced compared with those of the original leaves. Accordingly, the total content of biogenic amines in dark tea was only 161.19 μg/g, a reduction of 47.2% compared with that of the original leaves, indicating that the pile-fermentation process could significantly degrade the biogenic amines present in dark tea.
This study aims to examine whether a maths-unrelated reading intervention can improve children's mathematical performance and to compare the effects of maths-related and maths-unrelated reading ...interventions. Furthermore, this study examines whether the effects of reading interventions are moderated by individual differences, including gender, pre-test maths performance and general cognitive ability. One hundred thirty-four second-grade Chinese children were recruited into three different groups. In the control group, the children received business as usual teaching, while in the two experimental groups, the children received a maths-related or maths-unrelated reading intervention. The results showed that the maths-unrelated reading intervention could significantly improve children's mathematical performance, and the beneficial effect did not differ from the maths-related intervention. Moreover, the effects of the two reading interventions were not moderated by children's individual differences. These findings support the function hypothesis of language for mathematics.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study aimed to better understand the links among academic attitudes, academic procrastination, metacognition, and academic achievement in mathematics among school-age children. In total, 614 ...urban primary school students from third to sixth grade participated in this study and were asked to complete the Attitude toward Mathematics Inventory, the Academic Procrastination Scale and the Pupils’ Metacognitive Ability in Mathematics Questionnaire. The results revealed significant correlations among the students’ mathematical attitudes, academic procrastination, mathematical metacognition and mathematical achievement. The results also revealed that the impact of mathematical attitudes on mathematical achievement was partially mediated by academic procrastination. Moreover, mathematical metacognition moderated the relation between academic procrastination and mathematical achievement among the female students but not the male students. In particular, the higher the female students’ mathematical metacognition, the weaker the effect of academic procrastination on mathematical achievement. Implications for future research and educational practice are also discussed.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
To examine the relationship between early number sense and later symbolic arithmetic competence and how they are connected in young Chinese children. The present study utilized a longitudinal sample ...of 115 Chinese children aged 3 to 6. Young children completed measures to assess number sense, visual spatial skills (in the fall of their second kindergarten year, K2), arithmetic competence (in the spring of their second kindergarten year, K3), working memory, verbal comprehension, and inhibitory control (in the fall of their first kindergarten year, K1). The results showed that number sense predicted arithmetic competence six months later. Meanwhile, visual spatial skills played a mediating role in this association, but it became non-significant when working memory, verbal comprehension, and inhibitory control were added as covariates. These longitudinal findings confirm the close association between number sense and arithmetic competence in young Chinese children.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, has posed significant threats to international health. By Feb. 20, 2020, 74 576 cases have been confirmed and over 2 118 ...deaths have reported in the Chinese mainland. Chinese administrations have carried out immediate and prompt measures to stop the spread of the virus. Wuhan city has been shut down since Jan. 23, and more than 30 thousand medical workers have been recruited to Hubei province. Two temporary hospitals were constructed to treat severe pneumonia patients, and 15 mobile cabin hospitals were built to treat mild pneumonia cases. Significant improvement regarding the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and diagnosis and therapy for the COVID-19 has been achieved to stop the spread of the epidemics.
The concepts on o-hole and ~-hole bonds are suggested. A cocrystal with repeated 8-F-atom unit as basic struc- tural motif is assembled based on bifurcated C-I…N…I-C halogen/σ-hole bond and ...antiparallel double π-hole… F bonds by 1,2-diiodotetrafluorobenzene and acridine and characterized well by XRD, powder XRD and solid 19F NMR, etc. Also the calculated interaction energies are -26.8 and -31.5 kJ/mol for bifurcated C-I…N sp……2 halogen bonds, and -14.3 kJ/mol for a pair of n-hole…F bonds. In this system C-I…N halogen bond has stronger competitive ability to C-I…π halogen bond due to stronger basicity of N than π-system in acridine. The combination of the halogen/σ-hole and π-hole bonds or together with other weak interactions could play a key role in assembling function materials, molecular recognition and design of drugs and so on.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective： The current study intended to investigate the relationships between the shyness level of late adolescence students, parenting style and parent-child attachment. Methods： Totally 705 senior ...high school students reported their shyness level, the parenting style of their parents, and their attachment with parents. Results： （1） Parents＇ excessive protection and interference of parenting style and alienation dimension of parent-child attachment have a significant positive prediction on the shyness level of high school students; paternal emotional warmth has a significant negative prediction on students＇ shyness level; and （2） The parent-child attachment showed partial mediating effect on the relationship between the parenting style and shyness level of late adolescence students. Conclusion： Parenting style not only can directly affect late adolescence students＇ shyness, but also indirectly affect their shyness through parent-child attachment.
The continuous progress of science and technology has rendered self-powered sensing a significant research direction. A self-powered gas sensor based on a TENG (triboelectric nanogenerator) has ...garnered considerable attention as an innovative application. TENG can achieve self-power supply by harvesting energy from the environment. This paper aims to review the principles, triboelectric layer materials, performance enhancement approaches, and challenges of TENG-based self-powered gas sensors (SPGS). Initially, the working mechanisms of TENG and the SPGS principle are introduced to elucidate their unique advantages. Subsequently, the selection strategy for triboelectric layer materials in SPGS and performance enhancement approaches are discussed. Additionally, methods for enhancing performance are thoroughly analyzed, and potential solutions are explored. It is noteworthy that SPGS is transitioning from the experimental phase to mature applications. Through this review, we aim to gain insights into the latest advancements and application prospects in this domain while offering valuable insights.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
With developments in science and technology, wearable electronic products are increasingly used in daily lives. The growing demand for energy highly necessitates developing new energy sources. As a ...modification of traditional friction nanogenerators (TENGs), wearable friction nanogenerators (W-TENGs) can convert mechanical energy from human movements into electricity. The working principle and primary working mode of the W-TENG are elucidated in this paper. The triboelectric materials commonly used for W-TENGs are selected based on the type of friction materials to achieve a better triboelectric output. To improve the triboelectric output, some optimization suggestions for triboelectric materials are put forward: increasing the surface charge density and reducing the decline in triboelectric charge to enhance the output performance of the W-TENG fundamentally. Finally, the prospects and challenges of the W-TENG are analyzed, and it is hoped that this review can promote the development of the W-TENG and provide clean and sustainable energy solutions for wearable bioelectronic systems.
This review summarizes the research progress of wearable friction nanogenerators (W-TENG). Its perspective comprehensively covers the friction layer, the electrodes, and strategies for improving the triboelectric output of the W-TENG.
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