Fluorine-18-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (18FFDG) uptake and distribution in an experimentally induced inflammatory tissue were investigated.
Rats were subcutaneously inoculated with turpentine oil to ...induce inflammation and used for tissue distribution studies and autoradiography.
Time course study of 18FFDG tissue distribution showed that the uptake in inflammatory tissue increased gradually until 60 min and then decreased. A longitudinal study of 18FFDG tissue distribution showed that the uptake increased progressively to a peak 4 days after inoculation and then decreased. On the fourth day postinoculation, a section of inflammatory tissue showed characteristic changes of chronic inflammation. Macro- and micro-autoradiography showed a high density of silver grains in the abscess wall consisting of an inflammatory cell layer and granulation tissue. Grain counting on micro-autoradiography of the abscess wall showed that the highest grain density was found in the marginal zone of young fibroblasts, endothelial cells of vessels and phagocytes of neutrophils and macrophages, followed by that in the neutrophil layer and granulation tissue.
Our results indicate that 18FFDG PET may be useful in detecting and monitoring chronic inflammatory processes.
The influences of atmospheric CO
2
and H
2
O on the kinetics of the thermal decomposition of zinc carbonate hydroxide, Zn
5
(CO
3
)
2
(OH)
6
, were investigated by means of controlled rate evolved ...gas analysis (CREGA) coupled with TG. Although CO
2
and H
2
O were evolved simultaneously in a single mass-loss step of the thermal decomposition, different effects of those evolved gases on the kinetic rate behavior were observed. No distinguished effect of atmospheric CO
2
was detected within the possible range of self-generated CO
2
concentration. On the other hand, apparent acceleration effect by the increase in the concentration of atmospheric H
2
O was observed as the reduction of reaction temperature during the course of constant rate thermal decomposition. The catalytic effect was characterized by the decrease in the apparent activation energy for the established reaction with increasing the concentration of atmospheric H
2
O, accompanied by the partially compensating decrease in the pre-exponential factor.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Inhalation burn injury (IBI) is a risk factor for mortality in burn patients. However, it is difficult to diagnose IBI using traditional physical examination alone, especially in prehospital ...settings. Therefore, facial burn patients are usually treated for suspected IBI. In the present study, we investigated whether fire site information could predict IBI as an alternative to traditional physical examination. This retrospective single-centre analysis involved 27 facial burn patients with suspected IBI who were admitted between 2014 and 2016. The patients were divided into two groups (IBI and non-IBI) according to bronchoscopy findings. Fire site information was compared between the two groups. The IBI (n = 13) and non-IBI (n = 14) groups were compared. Domestic fire was more frequent in the IBI group (69% vs. 29%, P = 0.035). The IBI group included one patient with carboxyhemoglobin ≥10% on admission. Prehospitalization fire site information, particularly domestic fires, might predict IBI in facial burn patients..
Abstract Objective This study aimed to determine the first-cycle maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of intraperitoneal carboplatin in combination with intravenous paclitaxel and then assess the feasibility ...of this dose over multiple cycles. Methods Beginning at an intraperitoneal (IP) carboplatin dose area under the curve (AUC) of 5 and a fixed intravenous dose of 175 mg/m2 paclitaxel, patients were entered on a dose-escalating phase evaluating first-cycle dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). After estimating the MTD, cohorts of 20 patients were then entered in an expanded phase to evaluate DLT over four cycles. Results Twenty-one patients were entered on the dose-escalating phase. A first-cycle MTD of carboplatin at AUC 8 was tolerated although thrombocytopenia was dose-limiting over multiple cycles. An additional 69 patients were treated in expanded cohorts. Only 5/90 (5.6%) patients discontinued treatment because of a port problem. Four-cycle DLT required de-escalation to a carboplatin AUC of 6, and even at that dose, there were 14 dose-limiting toxic effects in 40 patients (35%). Seven dose-limiting toxicities were due to neutropenia, and 6 were due to grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia. Six cycles of therapy were completed in 75% of eligible patients, but dose adjustments were required. Conclusions The first-cycle MTD did not predict the tolerability of this regimen over multiple cycles. Using an IP carboplatin dose of AUC 6 in combination with paclitaxel, the regimen can be administered with a high completion rate over multiple cycles. Because neutropenia is a frequent DLT, the addition of hematopoietic growth factors may permit a high completion rate while maintaining this dose.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Background: The incidence of Candida tropicalis less susceptible to fluconazole (FLC) has been reported in many parts of the world. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the changes of ...putative virulence attributes of Candida tropicalis accompanying the development of resistance to FLC in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: A FLC-resistant strain (FLC-R) was obtained after sequential exposure of a clinical isolate FLC-sensitive (FLC-S) to increasing concentrations of the antifungal. The course of infection by both strains was analyzed in BALB/c mice. Analyses of gene expression were performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction PCR. The cell surface hydrophobicity, adhesion and biofilm formation were also determined. Results: Development of resistance to FLC could be observed after 15 days of subculture in azole-containing medium. Overexpression of MDR1 and ERG11 genes were observed in FLC-R, and this strain exhibited enhanced virulence in mice, as assessed by the mortality rate. All mice challenged with the FLC-R died and FLC-treatment caused earlier death in mice infected with this strain. All animals challenged with FLC-S survived the experiment, regardless of FLC-treatment. Overall, FLC-R derivatives strains were significantly more hydrophobic than FLC-S strains and showed greater adherence and higher capacity to form biofilm on polystyrene surface. Conclusions: The expression of virulence factors was higher in FLC-R-C. tropicalis and it was enhanced after FLC-exposure. These data alert us to the importance of identifying microorganisms that show resistance to the antifungals to establish an appropriate management of candidiasis therapy.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract Objective. Uterine sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors with a propensity for metastasis and resistance to conventional therapy. Recent success in the treatment of other solid tumors ...with the targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate offers new avenues for investigation. The primary target of imatinib is c-kit, but the drug also inhibits PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β. Given the lack of identified molecular targets in endometrial stromal sarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, and carcinosarcomas, the purpose of this study was to determine the protein expression of c-kit, PDGFR-α, and PDGFR-β in these tumors as a preliminary step to determining their susceptibility to directed therapy. A secondary goal was to identify specific gene mutations that might be associated with activation of these proteins in uterine sarcomas. Methods. Archived tissue from 42 cases of uterine sarcomas was stained for c-kit, PDGFR-α, and PDGFR-β using immunohistochemistry. Laser-capture microdissected samples of uterine carcinosarcomas, or homogeneous areas of leiomyosarcomas or endometrial stromal sarcomas, were subjected to genetic analysis of PDGFR-α exons 12 and 18. Results. The majority (38/42, 90%) of uterine sarcomas lacked c-kit expression and 90% (38/42) demonstrated negative or weak staining for PDGFR-β. In contrast, 70% (30/42) of cases had strong staining for PDGFR-α in the tumor but not in normal myometrium or endometrium. Sequencing results revealed no mutations in exons 12 or 18 of PDGFR-α. Conclusion. c-kit and PDGFR-β are unlikely to represent primary treatment targets in uterine sarcomas. The strong expression of PDGFR-α in uterine sarcoma specimens suggests a role for this receptor in tumor development, although its potential as a therapeutic target requires further investigation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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