Hydronium-ion batteries are regarded as one of the most promising energy technologies as next-generation power sources, benefiting from their cost effectivity and sustainability merits. Herein, we ...propose a hydronium-ion battery which is based on an organic pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone anode and an inorganic MnO
@graphite felt cathode in an acid electrolyte. Its operation involves a quinone/hydroquinone redox reaction on anode and a MnO
/Mn
conversion reaction on cathode, in parallel with the transfer of H
O
between two electrodes. The distinct operation mechanism affords this hydronium-ion battery an energy density up to 132.6 Wh kg
and a supercapacitor-comparable power density of 30.8 kW kg
, along with a long-term cycling life over 5000 cycles. Furthermore, surprisingly, this hydronium-ion battery works well even with a frozen electrolyte under -40 °C, and superior rate performance and cycle stability remain at -70 °C.
Numerous fault localization techniques identify suspicious statements potentially responsible for program failures by discovering the statistical correlation between test results (i.e., failing or ...passing ) and the executions of the different statements of a program (i.e., covered or not covered ). They rarely incorporate a failure context into their suspiciousness evaluation despite the fact that a failure context showing how a failure is produced is useful for analyzing and locating faults. Since a failure context usually contains the transitive relationships among the statements of causing a failure, its relationship complexity becomes one major obstacle for the context incorporation in suspiciousness evaluation of fault localization. To overcome the obstacle, our insight is that leveraging the promising learning ability may be a candidate solution to learn a feasible model for incorporating a failure context into fault localization. Thus, we propose a context-aware neural fault localization approach (CAN). Specifically, CAN represents the failure context by constructing a program dependency graph, which shows how a set of statements interact with each other (i.e., data and control dependencies) to cause a failure. Then, CAN utilizes graph neural networks to analyze and incorporate the context (e.g., the dependencies among the statements) into suspiciousness evaluation. Our empirical results on the 12 large-sized programs show that CAN achieves promising results (e.g., 29.23% faults are ranked within top 5), and it significantly improves the state-of-the-art baselines with a substantial margin.
The urgent needs for water protection are not only developing the highly efficient wastewater treatment technologies but also designing the eco-friendly materials. In this work, the eco-friendly ...composite fibers composed of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) and maghemite nanoparticles γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were fabricated through electrospinning technology. Through regulating the processing parameters and introducing additional annealing treatment, nanoscale porous structure and the stereocomplex crystallites (SCs) are simultaneously constructed in the composite electrospun fibers. Physicochemical performances measurements exhibited that the fiber membranes had excellent lipophilicity, good mechanical performances, and high hydrolysis resistance, and all of which endowed the fiber membranes with high oil adsorption capacities, and the maximum oil adsorption capacities achieved 148.9 g/g at 23 °C and 114.8 g/g at 60 °C. Further results showed that the fiber membranes had good oil/water separation ability. The gravity-driven oil flux was 6824.4 L/m2h2, and the water rejection ratio was nearly 100% during separating oil/water mixture. Specifically, the fiber membranes showed good stability during the cycling measurements. It is evidently confirmed that the composite PLLA-based fiber membranes with porous structure and SCs can be used in wastewater treatment, especially in some rigorous circumstances.
Display omitted
•Composite PLA electrospun porous fibers were fabricated.•The stereocomplex crystallites (SCs) were constructed in the fibers.•The composite fibers exhibited good physicochemical performances.•High oil adsorption and oil/water separation performances were achieved.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This paper examines operation models of multiple virtual power plants (multiVPPs), aiming at unified management of the multiVPP through VPP central controller, which reveals the controllability of ...the VPP as source and load in general. Two operation models will be introduced in this paper: 1) VPP dispatch model; and 2) the game theoretic model for multiVPP dispatch. In the VPP dispatch model, considering interactive coordination between VPP and energy consumers, a demand response model based on time-of-use pricing mechanism and interruptible loads is employed. And then the optimal results of VPP dispatch model are applied in the game theoretic model for multiVPP dispatch. During the process of market competition, the bidding strategy of each VPP is determined by its affordable power output and fuel cost. To solve the inherent variability and unpredictability of the renewable generation sources, the multitime scale rolling scheduling strategy is adopted. Finally, taking the multiVPP, which consists of various distributed generations and battery storage devices, as an example, variables including transferred load, compensation capacity, optimal bidding strategy, and profits for each VPP are obtained. From the analysis of the results, the method serves as a foundation for dispatch of multiVPP.
Targeted immunomodulation through biomolecule‐based nanostructures, especially to dendritic cells (DCs), holds great promise for effective cancer therapy. However, construction of high‐performance ...agonist by mimicking natural ligand to activate immune cell signaling is a great challenge so far. Here, a peptide‐based nanoagonist toward CD40 (PVA‐CD40) with preorganized interfacial topological structure that activates lymph node DCs efficiently and persistently, achieving amplified immune therapeutic efficacy is described. The on‐site fabrication of PVA‐CD40 is realized through the click conjugation of two functional peptides including the “CD40 anchoring arm” and the “assembly‐driving motor.” The resultant polyvalent interface rapidly triggers the receptor oligomerization and downstream signaling. Strikingly, one shot administration of PVA‐CD40 elicits maturation period of DCs up to 2.3‐fold comparing to that of CD40 antibody. Finally, combining the PVA‐CD40 with anti‐PD‐1 antibody results in subsequent inhibition of tumor growth in both B16F10 and 4T1 mice tumor models with survival rate up to 37%, while none of the mice survives in the clinically relevant CD40 mAb and anti‐PD‐1 combination‐treated group. It is envisioned that the fabrication of antibody‐like superstructures in vivo provides an efficient platform for modulating the duration of immune response to achieve optimal therapeutic efficacy.
Superstructural nanoagonist (PVA‐CD40) with preorganized interfacial topological structure is constructed through click reaction directed in vivo self‐assembly. PVA‐CD40 is able to drain and retain in lymph node to induce sustained dendritic cells maturation through CD40 signaling and further leads to durable CD8+ T cell output for tumor regression and rejunction of tumor metastasis.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Two isoreticular metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed from M8(OH)4(H2O)2(pyz)12 (M = Co, Ni; pyz = pyrazolate) secondary building units (SBUs) and Ni(salen)-derived metalloligands were ...synthesized. The two MOFs were found to be highly stable in a wide pH and temperature range. Together with the tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) co-catalyst, they catalysed the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides with near-quantitative yields and easy recyclability for at least 11 cycles.
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of various types of tumors. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has seldom been explored. This study aimed to ...discover prognostic markers associated with oxidative stress in ESCC to improve the prediction of prognosis and help in the selection of effective immunotherapy for patients. A consensus cluster was constructed using 14 prognostic differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes (DEOSGs) that were remarkably related to the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The infiltration levels of neutrophils, plasma cells, and activated mast cells, along with immune score, stromal score, and estimated score, were higher in cluster 1 than in cluster 2. A prognostic signature based on 10 prognostic DEOSGs was devised that could evaluate the prognosis of patients with ESCC. Calculated risk score proved to be an independent clinical prognostic factor in the training, testing, and entire sets. P53 signaling pathway was highly enriched in the high-risk group. The calculated risk score was positively related to the infiltration levels of resting mast cells, memory B cells, and activated natural killer (NK) cells and negatively associated with the infiltration levels of M1 and M2 macrophages. The relationship between clinical characteristics and risk score has not been certified. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for sorafenib and gefitinib were lower for patients in the low-risk group. Our prognostic signature based on 10 prognostic DEOSGs could predict the disease outcomes of patients with ESCC and had strong clinical value. Our study improves the understanding of oxidative stress in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and provides insights for developing improved and efficient immunotherapy strategies.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Edible Pickering high internal phase emulsions were made firstly by protein/polysaccharide hybrid particles.•The formation of gliadin/chitosan hybrid particles benefits the interfacial adsorption of ...the particles.•Microstructure-performance relationship of the emulsions was explored.•We develop a promising route to transform liquid oils into solid gels without artificial trans fats.•Pickering high internal phase emulsions possess promising potential to replace PHOs in processed foods.
We report for the first time the usage of mono-dispersed gliadin/chitosan hybrid particles as a particulate emulsifier for Pickering high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) development. The hybrid particles with partial wettability were fabricated at pH 5.0 using a facile anti-solvent route. Stable Pickering HIPEs with internal phases of up to 83% can be prepared with low particle concentrations (0.5–2%). The hybrid latexes were effectively adsorbed and anchored at the oil–water interface to exert steric hindrance against coalescence. Concomitantly, the compressed droplets in Pickering HIPEs to form a percolating 3D-network framework endowed the emulsions viscoelastic and self-standing features. The protective effect of Pickering HIPEs on curcumin was confirmed, and the content of primary oxidation products in HIPEs was slightly lower than that in bulk oil. This work opens an attractive strategy to convert liquid oils to viscoelastic soft solids without artificial trans fats, as a potential alternative for PHOs.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
A synergistic catalytic method combining photoredox catalysis, hydrogen‐atom transfer, and proton‐reduction catalysis for the dehydrogenative silylation of alkenes was developed. With this approach, ...a highly concise route to substituted allylsilanes has been achieved under very mild reaction conditions without using oxidants. This transformation features good to excellent yields, operational simplicity, and high atom economy. Based on control experiments, a possible reaction mechanism is proposed.
A synergistic catalytic method of combining photoredox catalysis, hydrogen‐atom transfer, and proton‐reduction catalysis for the dehydrogenative silylation of alkenes was developed. The reaction features high regioselectivity, excellent tolerance of functional groups, wide substrate scope, and mild reaction conditions. Moreover, this oxidant‐free system offers a cleaner and more efficient method beyond traditional catalysis, which requires either stoichiometric or excess amounts of oxidants.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This correspondence investigates the uncertainty principles under the linear canonical transform (LCT). First, a lower bound on the uncertainty product of signal representations in two LCT domains ...for complex signals is derived, which can be achieved by a complex chirp signal with Gaussian envelope. Then, the tighter lower bound for real signals in two LCT domains proposed by Sharma and Joshi is also proven to hold for arbitrary LCT parameters based on the properties of moments for the LCT. The uncertainty principle for the fractional Fourier transform is a special case of the achieved results.
PDF
