Coal mine safety is crucial to the healthy and sustainable development of the coal industry, and coal mine flood is a major hidden danger of coal mine accidents. Therefore, the processing of coal ...mine water source data is of great significance to prevent mine water inrush accidents. In this experiment, the water source data were obtained by laser induced fluorescence technology with the assistance of laser. The water sample data information was preprocessed by standard normal variable transformation (SNV) and multiple scattering correction (MSC), and then the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimension of the data and ensure the information characteristics of the original data unchanged. In order to identify the water inrush type of coal mine water source, the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) is used to optimize the BP neural network in this study. This is because the SSA algorithm has the advantages of strong optimization ability and fast convergence rate compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and other optimization algorithms. Experiments show that under the premise of SNV pretreatment, the R 2 of SSA-BP model is infinitely close to 1, MRE is 0.0017, RMSE is 0.0001, the R 2 of PSO-BP model is 0.9995, MRE is 0.0026, RMSE is 0.0019, the R 2 of BP model is 0.9983, MRE is 0.0140, RMSE is 0.0075. Therefore, SSA-BP model is more suitable for the classification of coal mine water sources.
IMPORTANCE: When combusted indoors, solid fuels generate a large amount of pollutants such as fine particulate matter. OBJECTIVE: To assess the associations of solid fuel use for cooking and heating ...with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This nationwide prospective cohort study recruited participants from 5 rural areas across China between June 2004 and July 2008; mortality follow-up was until January 1, 2014. A total of 271 217 adults without a self-reported history of physician-diagnosed cardiovascular disease at baseline were included, with a random subset (n = 10 892) participating in a resurvey after a mean interval of 2.7 years. EXPOSURES: Self-reported primary cooking and heating fuels (solid: coal, wood, or charcoal; clean: gas, electricity, or central heating), switching of fuel type before baseline, and use of ventilated cookstoves. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Death from cardiovascular and all causes, collected through established death registries. RESULTS: Among the 271 217 participants, the mean (SD) age was 51.0 (10.2) years, and 59% (n = 158 914) were women. A total of 66% (n = 179 952) of the participants reported regular cooking (at least weekly) and 60% (n = 163 882) reported winter heating, of whom 84% (n = 150 992) and 90% (n = 147 272) used solid fuels, respectively. There were 15 468 deaths, including 5519 from cardiovascular causes, documented during a mean (SD) of 7.2 (1.4) years of follow-up. Use of solid fuels for cooking was associated with greater risk of cardiovascular mortality (absolute rate difference ARD per 100 000 person-years, 135 95% CI, 77-193; hazard ratio HR, 1.20 95% CI, 1.02-1.41) and all-cause mortality (ARD, 338 95% CI, 249-427; HR, 1.11 95% CI, 1.03-1.20). Use of solid fuels for heating was also associated with greater risk of cardiovascular mortality (ARD, 175 95% CI, 118-231; HR, 1.29 95% CI, 1.06-1.55) and all-cause mortality (ARD, 392 95% CI, 297-487; HR, 1.14 95% CI, 1.03-1.26). Compared with persistent solid fuel users, participants who reported having previously switched from solid to clean fuels for cooking had a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (ARD, 138 95% CI, 71-205; HR, 0.83 95% CI, 0.69-0.99) and all-cause mortality (ARD, 407 95% CI, 317-497; HR, 0.87 95% CI, 0.79-0.95), while for heating, the ARDs were 193 (95% CI, 128-258) and 492 (95% CI, 383-601), and the HRs were 0.57 (95% CI, 0.42-0.77) and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.57-0.79), respectively. Among solid fuel users, use of ventilated cookstoves was also associated with lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (ARD, 33 95% CI, −9 to 75; HR, 0.89 95% CI, 0.80-0.99) and all-cause mortality (ARD, 87 95% CI, 20-153; HR, 0.91 95% CI, 0.85-0.96). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In rural China, solid fuel use for cooking and heating was associated with higher risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. These risks may be lower among those who had previously switched to clean fuels and those who used ventilation.
OBJECTIVETo investigate the associations of sleep duration, midday napping, sleep quality, and change in sleep duration with risk of incident stroke and stroke subtypes.
METHODSAmong 31,750 ...participants aged 61.7 years on average at baseline from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, we used Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident stroke.
RESULTSCompared with sleeping 7 to <8 hours/night, those reporting longer sleep duration (≥9 hours/night) had a greater risk of total stroke (hazard ratio HR 1.23; 95% confidence interval CI 1.07–1.41), while shorter sleep (<6 hours/night) had no significant effect on stroke risk. The HR (95% CI) of total stroke was 1.25 (1.03–1.53) for midday napping >90 minutes vs 1–30 minutes. The results were similar for ischemic stroke. Compared with good sleep quality, those with poor sleep quality showed a 29%, 28%, and 56% higher risk of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke, respectively. Moreover, we observed significant joint effects of sleeping ≥9 hours/night and midday napping >90 minutes (HR 1.85; 95% CI 1.28–2.66), and sleeping ≥9 hours/night and poor sleep quality (HR 1.82; 95% CI 1.33–2.48) on risk of total stroke. Furthermore, compared with persistently sleeping 7–9 hours/night, those who persistently slept ≥9 hours/night or switched from 7 to 9 hours to ≥9 hours/night had a higher risk of total stroke.
CONCLUSIONSLong sleep duration, long midday napping, and poor sleep quality were independently and jointly associated with higher risks of incident stroke. Persistently long sleep duration or switch from average to long sleep duration increased the risk of stroke.
Circulating metals from both the natural environment and pollution have been linked to cardiovascular disease. However, few prospective studies have investigated the associations between exposure to ...multiple metals and incident coronary heart disease (CHD).
We conducted a nested case-control study in the prospective Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, to investigate the prospective association between plasma metal concentrations and incident CHD.
A total of 1,621 incident CHD cases and 1,621 controls free of major cardiovascular disease at baseline and follow-up visits were matched on age (±5 years) and sex. We measured baseline fasting plasma concentrations of 23 metals and used conditional logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of CHD for metal concentrations categorized according to quartiles in controls.
Five metals (titanium, arsenic, selenium, aluminum, and barium) were significantly associated with CHD based on trend tests from single-metal multivariable models adjusted for established cardiovascular risk factors. When all five were included in the same model, adjusted ORs for barium and aluminum were close to the null, whereas associations with titanium, arsenic, and selenium were similar to estimates from single-metal models, and ORs comparing extreme quartiles were 1.32 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.69;
-trend=0.04), 1.78 (95% CI: 1.29, 2.46;
-trend=0.001), and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.85;
-trend=0.001), respectively.
Our study suggested that incident CHD was positively associated with plasma levels of titanium and arsenic, and inversely associated with selenium. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings in other populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1521.
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CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Metal exposure has been associated with risk of various cardio-metabolic disorders, and investigation on the association between exposure to multiple metals and metabolic responses may reveal novel ...clues to the underlying mechanisms. Based on a metabolome-wide association study of 17 plasma metals with untargeted metabolomic profiling of 189 serum metabolites among 1992 participants within the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort, we replicated two metal-associated pathways, linoleic acid metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, with novel metal associations (false discovery rate, FDR < 0.05), and we also identified two novel pathways, including biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, as associated with metal exposure (FDR < 0.05). Moreover, two-way orthogonal partial least-squares analysis showed that five metabolites, including aspartylphenylalanine, free fatty acid 14:1, uridine, carnitine C14:2, and LPC 18:2, contributed most to the joint covariation between the two data matrices (12.3%, 8.3%, 8.0%, 7.4%, and 7.3%, respectively). Further BKMR analysis showed significant positive joint associations of plasma Al, As, Ba, and Zn with aspartylphenylalanine and of plasma Ba, Co, Mn, and Pb with carnitine C14:2, when all the metals were at the 55th percentiles or above, compared with the median. We also found significant interactions between As and Ba in the association with aspartylphenylalanine (P for interaction = 0.048) and between Ba and Pb in the association with carnitine C14:2 (P for interaction < 0.001). Together, these findings may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the adverse health effects induced by metal exposure.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The rapid and onsite detection of glyphosate in tobacco products is still a great challenge. In this study, a novel smartphone-assisted sensing platform for the detection of glyphosate has been ...successfully proposed through the peroxidase-like activity of Fe3O4-based nanozyme. Heptanoic acid/Prussian blue (PB) decorated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@C7/PB) could catalyze and oxidize 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS, colorless) into a steel blue colored product in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Glyphosate could specifically inhibit the peroxidase-like activity of Fe3O4@C7/PB by occupying the active site, thereby the glyphosate detection could be accomplished within 10 min by monitoring the color change of ABTS. This study has developed a smartphone-based portable detection platform for online analysis of glyphosate with a detection limit of 0.1 μg mL−1. The absorbance response curve of glyphosate showed good linearity in the concentration range of 0.125–15 μg mL−1 at 415, 647, and 730 nm. Moreover, by employing a co-precipitation technology and inhibiting the peroxidase-like activity, the glyphosate analysis would be less affected by the tobacco sample matrix. The nanosensor possesses excellent selectivity and anti-interference ability, which has application value in actual samples for onsite screening.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
Background Metabolomics studies have identified various metabolic markers associated with stroke risk, yet much uncertainty persists regarding heterogeneity in these associations between different ...stroke subtypes. We aimed to examine metabolic profiles associated with incident stroke and its subtypes in Chinese adults. Methods and Results We performed a nested case–control study within the Dongfeng‐Tongji cohort, including 1029 and 266 incident cases of ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS), respectively, with a mean follow‐up period of 6.1±2.3 years. Fifty‐five metabolites in fasting plasma were measured by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. We examined the associations of metabolites with the risks of total stroke, IS, and HS, with a focus on the comparison of associations of plasma metabolite with IS and HS, using conditional logistic regression. We found that increased levels of asymmetrical/symmetrical dimethylarginine and glutamate were significantly associated with elevated risk of total stroke (odds ratios and 95%, 1.20 1.08–1.34 and 1.22 1.09–1.36, respectively; both Benjamini‐Hochberg‐adjusted P <0.05). When examining stroke subtypes, asymmetrical/symmetrical dimethylarginine was nominally associated with both IS and HS (odds ratios 95% CIs: 1.16 1.03–1.31 and 1.39 1.07–1.81, respectively), while glutamate was associated with only IS (odds ratios 95% CI: 1.26 1.11–1.43). The associations of glutamate with IS risk were significantly stronger among participants with hypertension and diabetes than among those without these diseases (both P for interaction <0.05). Conclusions This study validated the positive associations of asymmetrical/symmetrical dimethylarginine and glutamate with stroke risk, mainly that of IS, in a Chinese population, and revealed a novel unanimous association of with both IS and HS. Our findings provided potential intervention targets for stroke prevention.
The long-term associations between multiple metals and incident diabetes are uncertain. We aimed to examine the relationship between plasma concentrations of 23 metals and the incidence of type 2 ...diabetes among Chinese senior adults. We quantified fasting plasma concentrations of 23 metals by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry among 1039 incident diabetes cases and 1039 controls (age and sex matched) nested in a prospective study, the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. Both cases and controls were free of diabetes at baseline (2008–2010), incident diabetes were identified using the following criteria: fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmoL/l; or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5%; or self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes or use of anti-diabetic medication during the follow-up visits in 2013. In the conditional logistic regression models, the multivariable adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of diabetes across quartiles (Q1–Q4) of metal concentrations were as follows: titanium, 1.00, 0.92, 1.31, 1.38 (1.00–1.91, Ptrend = 0.011); selenium, 1.00, 1.08, 1.45, 1.27 (0.93–1.74, Ptrend = 0.05); and antimony, 1.00, 0.79, 0.77, 0.60 (0.44–0.83, Ptrend = 0.002). Arsenic was significantly associated with diabetes in the crude model (ORs comparing extreme quartiles 1.30; 1.02–1.65; Ptrend = 0.006), but was not significant after adjustment for socio-demographic factors. No significant associations were found for other metals. In conclusion, titanium and selenium were positively while antimony was negatively associated with incident diabetes.
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•Titanium and selenium were positively, while antimony was inversely associated with incident diabetes in Chinese.•This is the first study that discovered the potential association for titanium and diabetes.•Preventive measures are proposed to reduce exposure to harmful metals to decrease burden of type 2 diabetes worldwide.
We provide novel evidence for the association between metal exposure and diabetes risk by simultaneously investigated the prospective associations between multiple metals and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Emerging evidence revealed that pyrethroids and circulating lipid metabolites are involved in incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the pyrethroid-associated lipid profile and its potential role ...in the association of pyrethroids with T2D remain unknown. Metabolome-wide association or mediation analyses were performed among 1006 pairs of T2D cases and matched controls nested within the prospective Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. We identified 59 lipid metabolites significantly associated with serum deltamethrin levels, of which eight were also significantly associated with serum fenvalerate (false discovery rate FDR < 0.05). Pathway enrichment analysis showed that deltamethrin-associated lipid metabolites were significantly enriched in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway (FDR = 0.02). Furthermore, we also found that several deltamethrin-associated lipid metabolites (i.e., phosphatidylcholine PC 32:0, PC 34:4, cholesterol ester 20:0, triacylglycerol 52:5 18:2), and glycerophosphoethanolamine-enriched latent variable mediated the association between serum deltamethrin levels and T2D risk, with the mediated proportions being 44.81%, 15.92%, 16.85%, 16.66%, and 22.86%, respectively. Serum pyrethroids, particularly deltamethrin, may lead to an altered circulating lipid profile primarily in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway represented by PCs and lysophosphatidylcholines, potentially mediating the association between serum deltamethrin and T2D. The study provides a new perspective in elucidating the potential mechanisms through which pyrethroid exposure might induce T2D.
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•No previous epidemiological study characterized metabolic responses to pyrethroid exposure.•Pyrethroid exposure was associated with altered lipid metabolic profile.•Deltamethrin-related metabolites might participate in glycerophospholipid metabolism.•Plasma lipid metabolites mediate the association between serum deltamethrin and T2D.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Epidemiological studies have suggested an association between external estimates of exposure to metals in air particles and altered heart rate variability (HRV). However, studies on the association ...between internal assessments of metals exposure and HRV are limited.
The purpose of this study was to examine the potential association between urinary metals and HRV among residents of an urban community in Wuhan, China.
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 23 urinary metals and 5-min HRV indices (SDNN, standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals; r-MSSD, root mean square of successive differences in adjacent normal-to-normal intervals; LF, low frequency; HF, high frequency; TP, total power) using baseline data on 2,004 adult residents of Wuhan.
After adjusting for other metals, creatinine, and other covariates, natural log-transformed urine titanium concentration was positively associated with all HRV indices (all p < 0.05). Moreover, we estimated negative associations between cadmium and r-MSSD, LF, HF, and TP; between lead and r-MSSD, HF, and TP; and between iron, copper, and arsenic and HF, SDNN, and LF, respectively, based on models adjusted for other metals, creatinine, and covariates (all p < 0.10). Several associations differed according to cardiovascular disease risk factors. For example, negative associations between cadmium and r-MSSD were stronger among participants ≤ 52 years of age (vs. > 52), current smokers (vs. nonsmokers), body mass index < 25 kg/m2 (vs. ≥ 25), and among those who were not hypertensive.
Urine concentrations of several metals were associated with HRV parameters in our cross-sectional study population. These findings need replication in other studies with adequate sample sizes.
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CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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