Microbial electrocatalysis systems (MES) provide a cutting‐edge solution to global problems associated with the environment and energy, but practical applications are hindered by the expensive ...electrode materials. Although stainless steel (SS) has been proposed as a promising inexpensive candidate, poor cell/SS interaction results in a low performance for MES. Here, a new synthetic biology approach was established for reinforcing the cell/SS interaction. Hybridized curli nanofibers fused with a metal‐binding domain were heterogeneously expressed onto the cell surface, which realized efficient cell binding with the SS electrode. Consequently, it enabled a ~420‐fold improvement of the anodic power output and a substantial enhancement of the cathodic Coulombic efficiency (from 0.6 to 4% to over 80%) with an SS electrode. This work demonstrates low‐cost MES with an SS electrode and introduces a new avenue to engineer the cell/electrode interaction, which is promising for future practical applications of MES.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The vital role that nitrogenase plays in sustaining life is examined from a biomolecular perspective. Nitrogen fixation is shown to occur in lightning and the Haber-Bosch process.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Physiological and transcriptome analyses were conducted to elucidate the adaptive mechanisms to long-term Mg deficiency ...(MD) in banana seedlings at the 6-leaf stage. Banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days, and a mock control was treated with an optimum Mg supply. Leaf edge chlorosis was observed on the 9.sup.th leaf, which gradually turned yellow from the edge to the interior region. Accordingly, the total chlorophyll content was reduced by 47.1%, 47.4%, and 53.8% in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively, and the net photosynthetic rate was significantly decreased in the 9.sup.th leaf. Transcriptome analysis revealed that MD induced 9,314, 7,425 and 5,716 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively. Of these, the chlorophyll metabolism pathway was preferentially enriched according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. The expression levels of the five candidate genes in leaves were consistent with what is expected during chlorophyll metabolism. Our results suggest that changes in the expression of genes related to chlorophyll synthesis and decomposition result in the yellowing of banana seedling leaves, and these results are helpful for understanding the banana response mechanism to long-term MD.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The synthesis, reactions and medicinal applications of the 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring in solution and the solid phase were investigated. The physical and chemical properties of biosostere and the ...reactions of aromatic and heterocyclic hydrazides with triethyl orthoformate were also explored.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
In the past decades, research efforts on polyanion-type cathode materials by the scientific community intensified significantly. This paper reviews the latest advances in the exploration and ...development of polyanion-type compounds as high performance cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. It focuses on the synthesis, structure and physicochemical (especially electrochemical) properties of several classes of polyanion compounds. The relationship between composition-structure-performance of the novel electrode materials is also summarized and analyzed. The main approaches, achievements and challenges in this field are briefly commented and discussed.
Nowadays, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely applied in many fields, in order to reduce the material cost, increase volumetric/gravimetric energy density, raise safety performance and so on, ...nickel-rich cathode materials have gained much attention. Besides the technique for preparation of precursors and corresponding cathode materials, bulk doping and surface coating are very important to strengthen the performance of nickel-rich cathode materials. However, the intrinsic mechanism of doping and coating for cathode materials is not fully understood, further extensive and intensive investigation is needed. In this article, the varieties of doping and coating are reviewed, and research status, recent progresses and their underlying mechanism are presented. The paper suggests that combination of coating and doping at the same time is crucial to effectively improve the internal and external structure as well as electrochemical performance of nickel-rich cathode materials. Moreover, the present problems and challenges to nickel-rich cathode materials are put forward, the issues of safety and capacity fade of nickel-rich cathode materials are urgently need to resolve, which are closely related to the interface damage, volumetric change, lattice internal strain and gas release during cycling process.
•Main dopants decrease the cation mixing, remain phase structure and reduce oxygen release.•Coating is more efficient than bulk doping due to greatly increase cycle life and safety performance for battery.•Coating agents on decreasing the residual lithium need to be intensively researched to avoid the unwashing process.•Combination of the nano-thickness coating and micro-depth doping facilitates the multifunctional improvements.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•Tetrahedral Ag3PO4@N-rGO composite was prepared by a facile route.•The enhanced stability and catalytic activity was achieved by the composite.•Central composite design frame work ...was used for parameters optimization.•Efficient detoxification of sulfamethoxazole was achieved by this composite.
Global spreading of antibiotic resistant microorganisms and genes calls for the development of effective strategy to eliminate antibiotic pollution from the environment. Tetrahedral silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) is one of the master visible light photocatalysts but encountered the drawback of low stability due to photocorrosion. Integration of Ag3PO4 with N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) that has large specific surface area, ample functional groups and hetero atoms doping is anticipated to overcome the problem. Thus, the present study prepared high stability Ag3PO4@N-rGO hybrid catalysts and applied for detoxification of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Further, the operational parameters towards the photocatalytic degradation was systematically optimized to maximize the efficiency through response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). The parameters that influenced the SMX degradation efficiency was as follows: pH > N-content > catalyst dosage. Under the optimal conditions (catalyst dosage = 0.2 g/L, pH = 5.8, and N-content of 5.14%), 93.8% of SMX degradation was obtained within 60 min. The plausible degradation products generation during the photocatalytic degradation of SMX was analyzed by LC-ESI/MS and the degradation pathway was proposed. In addition, the toxicity of the degradation products was investigated through Escherichia coli colony forming unit assay and a substantial biotoxicity reduction by this photodegradation was observed.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is the second most important oilseed crop in the world but the genetic diversity underlying its massive phenotypic variations remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the ...sequencing, de novo assembly and annotation of eight B. napus accessions. Using pan-genome comparative analysis, millions of small variations and 77.2-149.6 megabase presence and absence variations (PAVs) were identified. More than 9.4% of the genes contained large-effect mutations or structural variations. PAV-based genome-wide association study (PAV-GWAS) directly identified causal structural variations for silique length, seed weight and flowering time in a nested association mapping population with ZS11 (reference line) as the donor, which were not detected by single-nucleotide polymorphisms-based GWAS (SNP-GWAS), demonstrating that PAV-GWAS was complementary to SNP-GWAS in identifying associations to traits. Further analysis showed that PAVs in three FLOWERING LOCUS C genes were closely related to flowering time and ecotype differentiation. This study provides resources to support a better understanding of the genome architecture and acceleration of the genetic improvement of B. napus.
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FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
With the development of functional genomics studies, a mass of long non‐coding RNAs (LncRNA) were discovered from the human genome. Long non‐coding RNAs serve as pivotal regulators of genes that are ...able to generate LncRNA–binding protein complexes to modulate a great number of genes. Recently, the LncRNA urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (UCA1) has been revealed to be dysregulated, which plays a critical role in the development of a few cancers. However, the role of the biology and clinical significance of UCA1 in the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown. We found that UCA1 expression levels were upregulated aberrantly in tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissues and associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. We explored the expression, function, and molecular mechanism of LncRNA UCA1 in OSCC. In the present work, we revealed that UCA1 silencing suppressed proliferation and metastasis and induced apoptosis of OSCC cell lines in vitro and in vivo, which might be related to the activation level of the WNT/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Our research results emphasize the pivotal role of UCA1 in the oncogenesis of OSCC and reveal a novel LncRNA UCA1–β‐catenin–WNT signaling pathway regulatory network that could contribute to our understanding in the pathogenesis of OSCC and assist in the discovery of a viable LncRNA‐directed diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for this fatal disease.
Our data highlighted the pivotal role of UCA1 in the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and revealed a novel LncRNA UCA1‐β‐catenin‐Wnt signaling pathway regulatory network, which may contribute to understand the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells can proliferate rapidly or even explosively in the human body, posing a serious threat to human life and health for a long time. Especially at the end ...of 2019, the global outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia has aroused global attention to such major public health emergencies. The rapid detection, diagnosis and treatment of bacteria, viruses and cancer cells play an important role in maintaining human life and health. In addition to conventional medical diagnosis and treatment methods, new sensing technologies based on some functional nanomaterials have shown broad development prospects for the detection of viruses, bacteria, and cancer cells and the treatment of diseases caused by the three.
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