The major purpose of this study was to determine the effects of procyanidins extracted from the lotus seedpod on cAMP-response element-binding protein phosphorylation in hippocampus and cerebral ...cortex in cognitively impaired aged rats. Based on Morris water maze, aged unimpaired and aged impaired rats were chosen from aged rats. Comparing with young and aged unimpaired animals, aged impaired rats exhibited significant reduction in hippocampal but not cortical cAMP-response element-binding phosphorylation states as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA and protein expressions, which were accompanied by decreased phosphorylation states of hippocampal extracellular signal-related kinase (42/44) and calcium calmodulin kinase IV. Lotus seedpod supplementation (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight intragastric administration) for 7 weeks significantly reversed all these declines happened in hippocampus except calcium calmodulin kinase IV phosphorylation levels. These results suggested that lotus seedpod might enhance cAMP-response element-binding–dependent transcription through the activation of extracellular signal-related kinase signalling pathway, which might contribute to its ameliorative effects on cognitive deficits in aged impaired animals.
The alleviative effect of procyanidins extracted from the lotus seedpod (LSPC) on oxidative stress in various tissues was evaluated by determining the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and the ...content of reduced glutathione (GSH) in heart, liver, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle, and serum in aged rats. Aging led to antioxidant deficit in various tissues in this study, which is confirmed by remarkable increased lipid peroxidation, whereas the change patterns of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and GSH were diverse in various tissues of aged rats. LSPC treatment (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) modified the activity of SOD, CAT, and GPx as well as GSH content alteration in these tissues, which reversed the age-related antioxidant deficit in aged rats. However, the regulatory patterns on the activities of these enzymes and GSH content by LSPC treatment were different according to the tissues in aged rats.
Dual-phase oxygen permeation membrane has become much attractive due to its tailorable properties. On the premise of forming percolative network separately, decreasing the volume percentage of ...electronic conducting phase can increase the oxygen permeability of dual-phase membrane. However, the conventional ceramic route limits the decrease in threshold of the content of electronic conducting phase. In this work, a coating strategy is employed to fabricate a novel dual-phase membrane with 20 vol.% PrBaCo2O5+d (PBCO) dispersing in 80 vol.% Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-d (SDC) matrix, where the fiber-shaped PBCO forms percolative network and provides sufficient electronic conductivity. The prepared SDC-PBCO membrane with 1 mm thickness exhibits very high oxygen permeability, 3.81 X 10-7 mol cm-2 s-1 at 940 degree C, due to the high volume percentage of SDC. This preparation strategy can be applied to other dual-phase membranes to improve the oxygen permeation performance.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Cobalt-free BaFe
1−
x
In
x
O
3−
δ
perovskites, with Fe partially substituted by indium at the B-site, were synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction and systematically characterized in terms ...of their phase composition, crystal structure, thermal reducibility, oxygen permeability, as well as structural stability in order to evaluate their application as oxygen permeation membranes. Introduction of more than 10 at.% of In into BaFe
1−
x
In
x
O
3−
δ
causes the formation of a single phase material with a cubic perovskite structure, which exhibits no phase transition during the cooling process. The thermal reducibility and thermal expansion coefficient are effectively reduced by indium doping, owing to the less changes of concentration of the oxygen vacancies in these compounds. However, the In occupying B-site breaks the B-O-B double exchange mechanism, and thus results in a gradual decrease of the electrical conductivity upon doping. Rietveld refinement and first principles calculation were performed to get an insight into the In influence on the lattice structure, oxygen migration energy and electron conduction behaviour of BaFe
1−
x
In
x
O
3−
δ
. When using He/Air as sweep/feed gas, the BaFe
0.9
In
0.1
O
3−
δ
dense membrane with 1.0 mm thickness features a high oxygen permeation flux of 1.11 mL cm
−2
min
−1
at 950 °C. The observed good performance is attributed to the relatively high concentration of oxygen vacancies and low energy barrier for oxygen ion migration. It is also found that for membranes thinner than 0.8 mm, the oxygen flux is no longer limited by the bulk diffusion, while the oxygen surface exchange process becomes the dominant factor.
An impressive oxygen permeability and good structural stability are achieved by partially replacing Fe with In at the B-site of BaFeO
3−
δ
oxides.
Cobalt-free BaFe sub(1-x)In sub(x)O sub(3- delta ) perovskites, with Fe partially substituted by indium at the B-site, were synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction and systematically ...characterized in terms of their phase composition, crystal structure, thermal reducibility, oxygen permeability, as well as structural stability in order to evaluate their application as oxygen permeation membranes. Introduction of more than 10 at.% of In into BaFe sub(1-x)In sub(x)O sub(3- delta ) causes the formation of a single phase material with a cubic perovskite structure, which exhibits no phase transition during the cooling process. The thermal reducibility and thermal expansion coefficient are effectively reduced by indium doping, owing to the less changes of concentration of the oxygen vacancies in these compounds. However, the In occupying B-site breaks the B-O-B double exchange mechanism, and thus results in a gradual decrease of the electrical conductivity upon doping. Rietveld refinement and first principles calculation were performed to get an insight into the In influence on the lattice structure, oxygen migration energy and electron conduction behaviour of BaFe sub(1-x)In sub(x)O sub(3- delta ). When using He/Air as sweep/feed gas, the BaFe sub(0.9)In sub(0.1)O sub(3- delta ) dense membrane with 1.0 mm thickness features a high oxygen permeation flux of 1.11 mL cm super(-2) min super(-1) at 950 degree C. The observed good performance is attributed to the relatively high concentration of oxygen vacancies and low energy barrier for oxygen ion migration. It is also found that for membranes thinner than 0.8 mm, the oxygen flux is no longer limited by the bulk diffusion, while the oxygen surface exchange process becomes the dominant factor.
In the present paper, overproduction of laccase by microbe interaction was studied. When
Trametes versicolor was co-cultured with
Candida sp. HSD07A in submerged fermentation, laccase activity could ...be improved significantly and reached 10500
±
160
U/l, 11.8 times more than that of the contrast group. Fermentation tests of the yeast indicated that it could produce amylase and cellulase, but couldn’t excrete laccase and the overproductive laccase was produced by
T. versicolor; the interaction mechanism between
T. versicolor and
Candida sp. HSD07A was investigated and the results showed that amylase and cellulose could hydrolyze cell walls of
T. versicolor; however, the degree of hydrolysis was at a very low level, could not lead to overproduction of laccase; glucose starvation state made by the yeast was the real reason why
T. versicolor could overproduce laccase; moreover, this study also proved that making glucose starvation using the yeast was a novel and effective method.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Cobalt-free BaFe 1−x In x O 3−δ perovskites, with Fe partially substituted by indium at the B-site, were synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction and systematically characterized in terms ...of their phase composition, crystal structure, thermal reducibility, oxygen permeability, as well as structural stability in order to evaluate their application as oxygen permeation membranes. Introduction of more than 10 at.% of In into BaFe 1−x In x O 3−δ causes the formation of a single phase material with a cubic perovskite structure, which exhibits no phase transition during the cooling process. The thermal reducibility and thermal expansion coefficient are effectively reduced by indium doping, owing to the less changes of concentration of the oxygen vacancies in these compounds. However, the In occupying B-site breaks the B–O–B double exchange mechanism, and thus results in a gradual decrease of the electrical conductivity upon doping. Rietveld refinement and first principles calculation were performed to get an insight into the In influence on the lattice structure, oxygen migration energy and electron conduction behaviour of BaFe 1−x In x O 3−δ . When using He/Air as sweep/feed gas, the BaFe 0.9 In 0.1 O 3−δ dense membrane with 1.0 mm thickness features a high oxygen permeation flux of 1.11 mL cm −2 min −1 at 950 °C. The observed good performance is attributed to the relatively high concentration of oxygen vacancies and low energy barrier for oxygen ion migration. It is also found that for membranes thinner than 0.8 mm, the oxygen flux is no longer limited by the bulk diffusion, while the oxygen surface exchange process becomes the dominant factor.
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