We evaluated the effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) on the efficacy and safety of dasatinib for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML). Retrospective ...analyses were performed for patients with CP-CML who received dasatinib at seven hospitals between April 2009 and December 2016. Seventy-three patients were identified, 16 of whom received PPIs or H2RAs concurrently with dasatinib. Major molecular response at 12 months was observed in 13 of 13 patients (100%) with concurrent PPIs or H2RAs (combination group), and in 23 of 51 patients (45.1%) who received only dasatinib (dasatinib-alone group;
P
< 0.001). Deep molecular response at 12 months was observed in four of six patients (66.7%) in the combination group, and seven of 38 patients (18.4%) in the dasatinib-alone group (
P
= 0.027). Dasatinib chemotherapy was stopped after 18 months for 25 patients (43.9%) from the dasatinib-alone group, but for none from the combination group. Combination treatment with PPIs or H2RAs did not reduce the efficacy of dasatinib. PPIs and H2RAs reduce the incidence of dasatinib discontinuation due to adverse events and increase the efficacy of dasatinib chemotherapy for patients.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
This study investigated endogenous factors that may increase the elimination of vancomycin (VCM) in adult methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) patients with pneumonia.
48 patients (32 ...men and 16 women) admitted to the National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center for pneumonia due to MRSA were evaluated. VCM (500 - 2,000 mg/dose) was administered intravenously for 60 - 120 min at 8- - 12-h intervals. The dose of VCM prescribed was determined based on the treatment guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and was dependent on a patient's creatinine clearance.
Univariate analysis identified that potassium value (K) (p = 0.081) and urinary pH (p = 0.026) were possibly associated with decreased VCM concentration. Multivariate analysis confirmed that urinary pH was an independent risk factor for VCM clearance (p = 0.029). VCM clearance in patients with a urine pH of 8 was significantly higher (p = 0.032) than in patients with a urinary pH of 5. As urinary pH increased in alkalinity, a greater decrease in VCM concentrations was observed.
Elevation of urinary pH promotes the urinary excretion of VCM, likely by promoting the dissociation of the carboxyl group of VCM. Thus, in the clinical setting, urinary pH should be measured and considered when determining dosage, as it may affect the VCM blood concentration.
According to quantum chromodynamics, vacuum is not an empty space, because it is filled with quark–antiquark pairs. The pair has the same quantum numbers as the vacuum and forms a condensate because ...the strong interaction of the quantum chromodynamics is too strong to leave the vacuum empty. This quark–antiquark condensation, the chiral condensate, breaks the chiral symmetry of the vacuum. The expectation value of the chiral condensate is an order parameter of the chiral symmetry, which is expected to decrease at high temperatures or high matter densities where the chiral symmetry is partially restored. Head-on collisions of nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies have explored the high-temperature regime, but experiments at high densities are rare. Here we measure the spectrum of pionic 121Sn atoms and study the interaction between the pion and the nucleus. We find that the expectation value of the chiral condensate is reduced at finite density compared to the value in vacuum. The reduction is linearly extrapolated to the nuclear saturation density and indicates that the chiral symmetry is partially restored due to the extremely high density of the nucleus.In quantum chromodynamics, the condensation of quark–antiquark pairs breaks the chiral symmetry of vacuum. Experiments with pionic tin atoms demonstrate that the symmetry is partially restored at high densities.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK, ZAGLJ
Due to COVID-19, university campuses have been closed since April 2020, and campus space usage was restricted. The significance of campus space will be discussed by comparing the campus use by the ...students before and after the self-restraint. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted on 6,789 students to identify the actual situation of activities such as classes and interactions, as well as their keen opinions through open-ended responses. Restrictions on campus use lead to the loss of interaction and campus spaces for students to study and to live. This research clarifies the significance of campus space for future campus planning.
This study investigated the effects of a dog-assisted program for inmates in a prison for the first time in Japan. The program was conducted with groups of inmates with a variety of psychiatric ...and/or developmental disorders. The program was provided as training for stress management and communication. Male inmates interacted with trained pet dogs and their volunteer handlers in semi-structured group sessions. Questionnaire surveys were conducted regarding the mood states of the inmates and the handlers both before and after each session. The handlers also filled out an evaluation questionnaire about the sessions and inmates. The inmates and the handlers evaluated the sessions positively as a whole. The mood states of both the inmates and handlers generally improved after the sessions. The handlers also reported that the inmates’ interaction skills improved over time for the different diagnostic groups. The handlers considered not only the interactions with the inmates but also the welfare of their dogs to be important. The handlers’ evaluations about the inmates were positively related to the inmates’ moods.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, PRFLJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Due to COVID-19, university campuses have been closed since April 2020, and campus space usage was restricted. The significance of campus space will be discussed by comparing the campus use by the ...students before and after the self-restraint. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted on 6,789 students to identify the actual situation of activities such as classes and interactions, as well as their keen opinions through open-ended responses. Restrictions on campus use lead to the loss of interaction and campus spaces for students to study and to live. This research clarifies the significance of campus space for future campus planning.
TiO
2
nanoparticles were prepared from titanium tetrachloride (TiCl
4
) in CH
2
Cl
2
at 80 °C for 30 h, 42 h and 70 h using urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) as an oxygen donor with a TiCl
4
: UHP molar ...ratio of 1 : 2. The XRD patterns and Raman spectroscopy results showed that the products consisted of anatase TiO
2
. IR and solid-state
13
C NMR with cross polarization and magic angle spinning techniques revealed the presence of urea. TEM observation revealed that the products prepared by the reactions for 30 and 42 h consisted of water-dispersible spheroid nanoparticles with a long axis of ~5 nm, while an aggregation of nanoparticles was evident upon reaction for 70 h. Thermogravimetry, inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry and CHN analysis showed that the amount of urea increases in the following order: TiO
2
_42h, TiO
2
_70h, TiO
2
_30h. The photocatalytic activity of the products dispersible in water (TiO
2
_30h and TiO
2
_42h) was estimated based on the degradation behaviour of methylene blue, and TiO
2
_42h showed higher photocatalytic activity than TiO
2
_30h. It is proposed that TiCl
4
was directly oxidized by UHP to form anatase TiO
2
in the early stage of the process.
Water-dispersible anatase TiO
2
nanoparticles were prepared from titanium tetrachloride (TiCl
4
) in CH
2
Cl
2
at 80 °C using urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) as an oxygen donor with a TiCl
4
: UHP molar ratio of 1 : 2, and the photocatalytic activities of the resulting TiO
2
nanoparticles were examined.
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