Modifying environmentally harmful waste polystyrene foam as an efficient recyclable adsorbent for organic dyes is important. Amidation modified polystyrene (PS-SD) was prepared by the Friedel-Crafts ...reaction and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) dehydration condensation reaction of waste polystyrene foam. PS-SD had highly efficient removal performance for organic dyes in large volume water sample solutions, and equilibrium was achieved in 0.5 h. The maximum adsorption capacities for Methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) were 881.62 and 1,880.91 mg/g, respectively, at room temperature according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R
> 0.99). The kinetic data of the two dyes followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The removal percentage remained high (>85%) after eight filtration-regeneration cycles. Experimental results showed that PS-SD was an excellent adsorbent for water treatment with high recyclability and long life.
•Coupled optics-CFD modeling was conducted for a cavity type concentrated solar reactor.•Performance of the reactor for MDR reaction was investigated and optimized.•Product formation rate and energy ...storage efficiency (ESE) exhibit volcanic variation trend with GHSV.•With CH4/CO2 = 1, H2 formation rate and ESE reach their maximum values of 12.41 mol·h−1 and 6.87%.•High catalyst loading is conductive to chemical and energy conversion at the sacrifice of high operation cost.•Utilization of heat recovery was implemented to improve the performance of reactor from 7.61% to 8.14%.
High performance solar reactor is critical for getting high yield of solar-driven chemical conversion process. In this paper, the performance of a cavity type concentrated solar reactor for methane dry reforming reaction was investigated and optimized with coupled optics-computational fluid dynamics modeling method. The impact of critical parameters, including gas hourly space velocity, feed gases composition, catalyst loading amount, as well as heat recovery treatment, on the reaction performance of the concentrated solar reactor were discussed. It was found that: (1) Higher gas hourly space velocity would lead to lower reaction extent since the residence time of reactant is shorter and the chemical reaction locates in the limit region of intrinsic kinetics. (2) Both formation rates of H2/CO and energy storage efficiency exhibited volcanic type curves with the ratio of CH4/CO2. In addition, lowering down the ratio of CH4/CO2 might also promote RWGS reaction, leading to the decrease of H2/CO ratio. (3) Increasing catalyst loading as well as the utilization of heat recovery could both improve the performance of solar reactor. However, more expensive operation costs should be considered in practical applications. It is believed that the conclusions obtained in this paper would provide sufficient support for the design and optimization of concentrated solar reactors.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract Based on the LAMOST DR9 Medium Resolution Spectra (MRS) catalog, combined with astrometries from Gaia DR3, we conducted an investigation into the substructures in the stellar halo to obtain ...their chemical and kinematic information. We employed the HDBSCAN algorithm in the ( L z , E , L xy ) space for clustering and utilized Mahalanobis distance to merge the clustering results. Ultimately, within the LAMOST DR9 MRS catalog, we identified members of Gaia–Sausage–Enceladus (GSE), Helmi streams, and the high- α disk and in situ halo. Additionally, there are three clusters that cannot be correlated with known substructures. Based on their angular momentum ( L z ) characteristics, we have tentatively named two of them High- L z -Cluster-1 (HLC-1) and High- L z -Cluster-2 (HLC-2), both exhibiting high angular momentum ( L z ) features. The third cluster, owing to its extremely low L z , is termed the Low- L z -Cluster. Then detailed analysis about those substructures are executed including member stars’ identification and kinematic and chemical distribution. The resulting GSE member stars exhibit a well-defined metallicity distribution function with its peak at Fe/H ∼ −1.2, consistent with previous findings, and we found there appear to be some differences in the distribution on the V total – r gal plane between GSE and its included Splash component. Regarding Helmi streams, in the Mg/Fe–Fe/H plane we detected potential traces of the α -knee phenomenon at Fe/H ∼ −1.53. Finally, we tentatively provide the possible origin for the HLC-1 and HLC-2.
Although the aberrant activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is implicated in various cancers, the reported kinase inhibitors of FGFR3 tend to cause side effects resulting from the ...inhibitory activity on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Therefore, it is necessary to find a novel high‐selective inhibitor of FGFR3 over VEGFR2 from the small‐molecule compound database. In this study, integrated virtual screening protocols were established to screen for selective inhibitors of FGFR3 over VEGFR2 in Drugbank and Asinex databases by combining three‐dimensional pharmacophore model, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area (MMPBSA) calculations. Finally, it is found that Asinex‐5082, as an octahydropyrrolo3,2‐b pyridin derivative, has larger binding free energy with FGFR3 (−39.3 kcal/mol) than reference drug Erdafitinib (−29.9 kcal/mol), while cannot bind with VEGFR2, resulting in considerable inhibitory selectivity. This is because Asinex‐5082, unlike Erdafitinib, has not m‐dimethoxybenzene with large steric hindrance, thus can enter the larger ATP‐binding pocket of FGFR3 with DFG‐in conformation to form hydrophobic interaction with residues Met529, Ile539, and Tyr557 as well as hydrogen bond with Ala558. On the other hand, due to the fact that the benzodioxane and N‐heterocyclic rings are connected by carbonyl (C=O), Asinex‐5082 cannot rotate freely so as to enter the smaller ATP binding pocket of VEGFR2 on the DFG‐out conformation. The lead molecule Asinex‐5082 may facilitate the rational design and development of novel selective inhibitors of FGFR3 over VEGFR2 as anticancer drugs.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Mitochondrial dynamics play a critical role in mitochondrial function and signaling. Although mitochondria play a critical role in hypoxia/ischemia, the further mechanisms between mitochondrial ...dynamics and ischemia are still unclear. The current study aimed to determine the role of mitofusin 2, a key regulator of mitochondrial fusion, in a hypoxic model and to explore a novel strategy for cerebral ischemia via modulation of mitochondrial dynamics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate both mitochondrial function and molecular pathways to determine the role of mitofusin 2 in hypoxia-induced neuronal apoptosis. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice (male, 19–25g) underwent a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion for 12 or 24h (n=6 per group). In vitro, cobalt chloride was used to mimic hypoxia in immortalized hippocampal neurons. Down- or up-regulation of Mfn2 was induced to investigate the role of Mfn2 in hypoxia, especially in mitochondrial function and signaling pathways. The findings demonstrated that decreased mitofusin 2 occurred both in vivo and in vitro hypoxic models; second, the anti-apoptotic effect of Mfn2 may work via restoration of mitochondrial function; third, the modulation of the B Cell Leukemia 2/Bcl-2 Associated X protein and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathways highlight the role of Mfn2 in signaling pathways beyond fusion. In summary, depletion of mitofusin 2 would lead to apoptosis both in normal or hypoxic conditions; however, mitofusin 2 overexpression could attenuate hypoxia-induced apoptosis, which represents a potential novel strategy for neuroprotection against ischemic brain damage.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
In this paper, a fully analytical current model of the two-input double-gate TFET is derived considering the channel coupling effects caused by different biasing voltages of front and back gates. The ...potential model of the channel surface is accurately constructed by solving the quasi two-dimensional Poisson equation with a reasonable assumption for the potential on the channel surface. Based on derived potential model and energy band distribution along the channel, the tunneling generation rate around the tunneling junction is calculated, and then the analytical expression for the drain current of the two-input double-gate TFET is derived. Furthermore, the impact of the device parameters on device characteristics is explored by using the developed model. The proposed model is used to guide collaborative optimization of devices. The results show the excellent match between the results calculated by the proposed model and TCAD simulations in a wide range of device and process parameters.
A unique fluorescent probe (ZACA) for the monitoring of SO2 derivatives was developed from coumarin and benzoindoles based on FRET and ICT. ZACA exhibited an active emission signal, large Stokes ...shift, wide emission window distance, and high photostability. It also possessed many advantages in the ratiometric detection of HSO3−/SO32− including low detection limit and high selectivity and sensitivity. Importantly, ZACA was successfully applied in the ratiometric detection of endogenous HSO3−/SO32− in living cells with excellent cellular imaging capability (1 μM) and mitochondria-targeting ability (co-localization coefficient: 0.91).
•Several new polynomial fit based trend extraction algorithms are developed.•These algorithms determine parameters automatically in the hypothesis testing framework.•Both trend extraction and trend ...analysis are carried out to form a complete qualitative trend analysis.•A comprehensive performance comparison of these algorithms is made.
Qualitative trend analysis (QTA) of sensor data is a useful tool for process monitoring, fault diagnosis and data mining. However, because of the varying background noise characteristics and different scales of sensor trends, automated and reliable trend extraction remains a challenge for trend-based analysis systems. In this paper, several new polynomial fit-based trend extraction algorithms are first developed, which determine the parameters automatically in the hypothesis testing framework. An existing trend analysis method developed by Dash et al. (2004) is then modified and added to the abovementioned trend extraction algorithms, which form a complete solution for QTA. The performance comparison of these algorithms is made on a set of simulated data and Tennessee Eastman process data based on several metrics.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
39.
Predicting climate effects on Pacific sardine Deyle, Ethan R.; Fogarty, Michael; Hsieh, Chih-hao ...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS,
04/2013, Volume:
110, Issue:
16
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
For many marine species and habitats, climate change and overfishing present a double threat. To manage marine resources effectively, it is necessary to adapt management to changes in the physical ...environment. Simple relationships between environmental conditions and fish abundance have long been used in both fisheries and fishery management. In many cases, however, physical, biological, and human variables feed back on each other. For these systems, associations between variables can change as the system evolves in time. This can obscure relationships between population dynamics and environmental variability, undermining our ability to forecast changes in populations tied to physical processes. Here we present a methodology for identifying physical forcing variables based on nonlinear forecasting and show how the method provides a predictive understanding of the influence of physical forcing on Pacific sardine.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
We provide a detailed analysis of the tidal tails of the globular cluster M3 (NGC 5272). We first discover clear extratidal structures with a slight S shape near the cluster. This inspires ...us to examine the existence of its long tidal tails. We highlight potential stream stars using the proper motions (PMs) of a model stream combined with the cluster’s locus in a color–magnitude diagram (CMD). A 35° long leading tail and a 21° long trailing tail are successfully detected at the same time. Their corresponding overdensities can be recognized in CMD and PM space after subtracting the background. We estimate the stream width, star number density, and surface brightness for both tails, as well as the distance variation along the entire stream. We then verify the connection of M3 and the Svöl stream. Finally, we tabulate 11 member stars belonging to the M3 tidal stream with available spectroscopic observations.
PDF
