A novel printed log-periodic dipole array (PLPDA) antenna with bow-tie parasitic cell for the gain enhancement is presented for 5G mobile and wireless communication. The antenna is fed by the ...substrate integrated waveguide. The gain of the antenna is enhanced using parasitic cell-several bow-tie directors and bow-tie parasitic patches. The adding of bow-tie directors are based on the principle of the quasi-Yagi and the bow-tie antenna. Moreover, the parasitic patches are used to enhance the antenna gain by expanding the transverse radiation aperture of the antenna according to the principle of the antenna array. The proposed antenna has been designed, fabricated, and tested. It can be observed that the PLPDA antenna gain with the parasitic cell is increased about 1-dBi compared with the antenna with the single-sided rectangle directors. And the S11 of the proposed antenna is less than -12 dB, the cross-polarization level is better than -15 dB, and the gain of the presented antenna is 7.3-12.5 dBi over the whole operating frequency range of 40-50 GHz.
A single-layer circularly polarized (CP) antenna with omnidirectional radiation in the azimuth plane has been designed and evaluated. The concept is the combination of multiple identical endfire CP ...antenna elements in a circular array configuration. The design of each element is based on the superposition of two closely spaced complementary current sources, which are, respectively, realized by a sectorial parallel-plate cavity and arc-shaped strip arms. A meandered double-sided parallel strip line is introduced to adjust the phase relationship between two orthogonal linear polarized components. All antenna elements can be simultaneously excited by adopting a single coaxial probe in the center of the overall structure. Take 5.8-GHz Industrial Scientific Medical band applications (5.725-5.875 GHz), for example, a prototype with a diameter of 0.62λ 0 and a low profile of 0.029λ 0 was fabricated. Experimental results show that the designed antenna has a usable bandwidth from 5.68 to 5.91 GHz (the common overlapped bandwidth limited by the -10 dB |S 11 | and the 3-dB axial ratio). Within the operation band, good omnidirectivity and a wide coverage can be obtained.
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•Flocculation leads to profound changes of protein kinases under acetic acid stress.•Phosphoproteome analysis identified key kinases responded to acetic acid stress.•Overexpression of ...HOG1 and GPX1 reduced ROS content and improved stress tolerance.•Overexpression of protein kinase Akl1 enhanced ethanol fermentation using corn cob.
Cell self-flocculation endows yeast strains with improved environmental stress tolerance that benefits bioproduction. Exploration of the metabolic and regulatory network differences between the flocculating and non-flocculating cells is conducive to developing strains with satisfactory fermentation efficiency. In this work, integrated analyses of transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome were performed using flocculating yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae SPSC01 and its non-flocculating mutant grown under acetic acid stress, and the results revealed prominent changes in protein kinases. Overexpressing the mitogen-activated protein kinase Hog1 upregulated by flocculation led to reduced ROS accumulation and increased glutathione peroxidase activity, leading to improved ethanol production under stress. Among the seven genes encoding protein kinases that were tested, AKL1 showed the best performance when overexpressed, achieving higher ethanol productivity in both corncob hydrolysate and simulated corn stover hydrolysate. These results provide alternative strategies for improving cellulosic ethanol production by engineering key protein kinases in S. cerevisiae.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Adhesion-regulating molecule 1 (ADRM1) has been implicated in tumor development, yet its specific role in bladder cancer (BC) remains undefined. This study aimed to elucidate the function of ADRM1 in ...BC through a combination of bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical analysis (IHC). Utilizing R version 3.6.3 and relevant packages, we analyzed online database data. Validation was conducted through IHC data, approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Approval No. K20220830). In both paired and unpaired comparisons, ADRM1 expression was significantly elevated in BC tissues compared to adjacent tissues, as evidenced by the results of TCGA dataset and IHC data. Patients with high ADRM1 expression had statistically worse overall survival than those with low ADRM1 expression in TCGA dataset, GSE32548 dataset, GSE32894 dataset, and IHC data. Functional analysis unveiled enrichment in immune-related pathways, and a robust positive correlation emerged between ADRM1 expression and pivotal immune checkpoints, including CD274, PDCD1, and PDCD1LG2. In tumor microenvironment, samples with the high ADRM1 expression contained statistical higher proportion of CD8 + T cells and Macrophage infiltration. Meanwhile, these high ADRM1-expressing samples displayed elevated tumor mutation burden scores and stemness indices, implying potential benefits from immunotherapy. Patients with low ADRM1 expression were sensitive to cisplatin, docetaxel, vinblastine, mitomycin C, and methotrexate. According to the findings from bioinformatics and IHC analyses, ADRM1 demonstrates prognostic significance for BC patients and holds predictive potential for both immunotherapy and chemotherapy responses. This underscores its role as a biomarker and therapeutic target in BC.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Immunotherapy has evolved as a critical option to treat diverse cancers. The active response to immunotherapy relies on the unique interaction between cancer and the tumor microenvironment (TME). ...Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer. However, the association between angiogenesis and clinical outcome, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy remains unknown in gastric cancer (GC).
We systematically assessed 36 angiogenesis-associated genes (AAGs) and comprehensively identified the correlation between angiogenesis and transcriptional patterns, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration. The AAG_score was applied to quantify the angiogenesis subtypes of each patient. We then evaluated their values in prognostic prediction and therapeutic responses in GC.
We discussed the mutations of AAGs in GC specimens from genetic levels and identified their expression patterns from TCGA and GEO cohorts. We determined two different molecular subtypes and observed that AAG mutations were related to patients' clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis, and infiltrating TME. Next, an AAG_score for predicting overall survival (OS) was established and its reliable predictive ability in GC patients was confirmed. Furthermore, we created a highly reliable nomogram to facilitate the clinical viability of the AAG_score. A low AAG_score, characterized by elevated microsatellite instability-high, mutation burden, and immune activation, demonstrated a superior OS. Additionally, the AAG_score was remarkedly correlated with the cancer stem cell index and drug susceptibility.
Collectively, we identified a prognostic AAG signature for GC patients. This signature may contribute to clarifying the characteristics of TME and enable the exploration of more potent immunotherapy strategies.
A coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed dual-wideband antenna formed by a triangular monopole and a U-shaped monopole is presented. The antenna can generate two wide bands centered at about 2.5 GHz and 5 GHz ...to cover all the 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN bands and the 2.5/3.5/5.5 WiMAX bands. Furthermore, the antenna has a simple planar structure and occupies a small size of about 28 X 33 mm 2 , including the finite ground CPW feeding mechanism. Good dipole-like radiation characteristics over the operating bands are obtained.
A single-layer single-fed endfire antenna with circularly polarized radiation has been designed and evaluated. The concept is the superposition of two closely spaced complementary dipoles. In terms ...of implementations, a shorted parallel-plate cavity serves as the magnetic dipole, while double-side-printed conductor arms act as the electric dipole. To satisfy the required magnitude/phase relationship between two dipoles, a T-shaped double side slot-coupled line and a meandered double-side parallel strip line are introduced. With analyses of equivalent models, the operation mechanism and design guidelines can be obtained. Taking 5.8-GHz ISM band (5.725-5.875 GHz) for example, the measured results show that the designed antenna has an impedance bandwidth (|S11| <; -10 dB) from 5.7 to 5.9 GHz (3.5%) and a 3-dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth from 5.65 to 5.9 GHz (4.3%). The effective beamwidth in the azimuth/elevation plane is 85°/168° at 5.8 GHz.
A single-layer bidirectional antenna that provides circularly polarized (CP) radiation of the same sense in both of the hemispheres has been designed and evaluated. The concept is the combination of ...two identical endfire CP antenna elements in a back-to-back configuration. The design of each element is based on the superposition of two closely spaced complementary dipoles connected by phase delay line. A single coaxial probe can be used to simultaneously excite the two elements. Taking 5.8-GHz ISM band applications (5.725-5.875 GHz), for example, experimental results show the designed antenna has a usable bandwidth from 5.72 to 5.88 GHz (the common overlapped bandwidth limited by the 3-dB axial ratio and -10-dB |S11 |). The overall antenna size is only 0.53λ 0 × 0.47λ 0 with a low profile of 0.029λ 0 .
The gut microbiota is crucial in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the metabolism of T2DM patients is not well-understood. We aimed to identify the differences on ...composition and function of gut microbiota between T2DM patients with obesity and healthy people. In this study, 6 T2DM patients with obesity and 6 healthy volunteers were recruited, and metagenomic approach and bioinformatics analysis methods were used to understand the composition of the gut microbiota and the metabolic network. We found a decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes, Oribacterium, and Paenibacillus; this may be attributed to a possible mechanism and biological basis of T2DM; moreover, we identified three critical bacterial taxa, Bacteroides plebeius, Phascolarctobacterium sp. CAG207, and the order Acidaminococcales that can potentially be used for T2DM treatment. We also revealed the composition of the microbiota through functional annotation based on multiple databases and found that carbohydrate metabolism contributed greatly to the pathogenesis of T2DM. This study helps in elucidating the different metabolic roles of microbes in T2DM patients with obesity.
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CEKLJ, DOBA, EMUNI, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The therapeutic benefits of available FLT3 inhibitors for AML are limited by drug resistance, which is related to mutations, as well toxicity caused by off-target effects. In this study, we introduce ...a new small molecule FLT3 inhibitor called danatinib, which was designed to overcome the limitations of currently approved agents. Danatinib demonstrated greater potency and selectivity, resulting in cytotoxic activity specific to FLT3-ITD and/or FLT3-TKD mutated models. It also showed a superior kinome inhibition profile compared to several currently approved FLT3 inhibitors. In diverse FLT3-TKD models, danatinib exhibited substantially improved activity at clinically relevant doses, outperforming approved FLT3 inhibitors. In vivo safety evaluations performed on the granulopoiesis of transgenic myeloperoxidase (MPO) zebrafish and mice models proved danatinib to have an acceptable safety profile. Danatinib holds promise as a new and improved FLT3 inhibitor for the treatment of AML, offering long-lasting remissions and improved overall survival rates.
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•Danatinib displayed increased potency and selectivity.•Danatinib showed a superior kinome inhibition profile.•Danatinib significantly enhanced activity at clinically relevant doses.•Danatinib had an acceptable safety profile.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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