The concentrations of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium accumulated by 12 emergent-rooted wetland plant species including different populations of
Leersia hexandra,
Juncus effusus and
Equisetum ...ramosisti were investigated in field conditions of China. The results showed that metal accumulation by wetland plants differed among species, populations and tissues. Populations grown in substrata with elevated metals contained significantly higher metals in plants. Metals accumulated by wetland plants were mostly distributed in root tissues, suggesting that an exclusion strategy for metal tolerance widely exists in them. That some species/populations could accumulate relatively high metal concentrations (far above the toxic concentration to plants) in their shoots indicates that internal detoxification metal tolerance mechanism(s) are also included. The factors affecting metal accumulation by wetland plants include metal concentrations, pH, and nutrient status in substrata. Mostly concentrations of Pb and Cu in both aboveground and underground tissues of the plants were significantly positively related to their total and/or DTPA-extractable fractions in substrata while negatively to soil N and P, respectively. The potential use of these wetland plants in phytoremediation is also discussed.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Free-electron lasers have been successfully operated with ultrahigh brightness and excellent transverse coherence at X-ray wavelengths. One of the next goals for further improvements is full ...coherence. An obvious approach is to seed the free-electron laser interaction using a conventional source that has good temporal coherence. Here, we show the first lasing of a free-electron laser with an echo-enabled harmonic generation scheme, which shows great promise for producing coherent lasing at short wavelengths, even in the X-ray regime. The experiment was conducted at a test facility that combines a 135.4 MeV electron accelerator with an amplifier consisting of a series of undulator magnets. Lasing was achieved at the third harmonic of the seed with a gain of ∼100,000 over spontaneous radiation. The measurements show typical exponential growth and excellent spectral characteristics, as well as good intensity stability.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Large areas of paddy fields in southern China have been contaminated by arsenic (As), which causes serious problems such as the reduction of grain yield and high As concentrations in brown rice. To ...test the possibility of using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to promote rice growth and decrease As accumulation in brown rice in such paddy fields, three As-resistant PGPRs (strains S6, S7 and S10) were isolated and incorporated into two rice cultivars (Zhendao 14 and Jianyou G2) grown in different environments. The results showed that all PGPRs promoted rice growth (grain yield increased by 10.50–51.30% under greenhouse conditions and by 4.83–9.16% in paddy fields) and reduced As damage in rice. Specifically, S10 decreased As accumulation in brown rice in both greenhouse (3.50–26.01%) and paddy-field conditions (9.26–10.50%) by significantly reducing the available As concentration in rhizospheric soil, especially in the Dabaoshan-B field (34.00%). Conversely, in greenhouse condition, strains S6 and S7 increased As concentrations by 6.10–20.10% and 2.14–14.60%, respectively. Our results suggested that PGPR inoculation could be used to decrease As accumulation and promote rice growth in As-contaminated paddy fields. However, as the effects of PGPRs differed by strain and depended on environmental factors, careful selection of the strains and environmental conditions, and pre-testing, will be essential before applying PGPRs to As-contaminated paddy fields.
•The three isolated As-resistance PGPRs could promote rice growth and reduce As damage in rice.•S10 significantly decreased As(III) and total As content in brown rice grown in non-sterile greenhouse and paddy field.•The effects of PGPRs were influenced by both strains and environmental factors.•PGPR inoculation could be a potential method in decreasing As content and promoting rice growth in As-polluted paddy field.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
We present simultaneous observations of aurorae at Jupiter from the Hubble Space Telescope and Hisaki, in combination with the in situ measurements of magnetic field, particles, and radio waves from ...the Juno Spacecraft in the outer magnetosphere, from ~ 80RJ to 60RJ during 17 to 22 March 2017. Two cycles of accumulation and release of magnetic flux, named magnetic loading/unloading, were identified during this period, which correlate well with electron energization and auroral intensifications. Magnetic reconnection events are identified during both the loading and unloading periods, indicating that reconnection and unloading are independent processes. These results show that the dynamics in the middle magnetosphere are coupled with auroral variability.
Key Points
Accumulation and release of magnetic flux in the middle Jovian magnetosphere modulate auroral intensifications
Magnetic reconnection process occurs independently of Jupiter's global loading and unloading of magnetic flux
We provide direct evidence that unloading of magnetic flux causes enhancements of auroral kilometric emissions
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Performance of the BL03U beamline at SSRF Sun, Z. P.; Liu, Z. H.; Liu, Z. T. ...
Journal of synchrotron radiation,
September 2020, Volume:
27, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The vacuum ultraviolet beamline BL03U with a photon energy range from 7 eV upwards has been constructed at the 3.5 GeV Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Equipped with an APPLE‐Knot undulator, ...this beamline is dedicated to angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy. An energy‐resolving power of higher than 4.6 × 104 has been achieved in the photon energy range 21.6–48 eV, which is almost the same as the theoretical estimation.
The design and performance test of the vacuum ultraviolet beamline BL03U at SSRF are described.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to have critical roles in regulating cancer cell proliferation, survival and sensitivity to chemotherapy. The potential application of using miRNAs to ...predict therapeutic response to cancer treatment holds high promise, but miRNAs with predictive value remain to be identified and underlying mechanisms have not been completely understood. Here, we show a strong correlation between miR-621 expression and chemosensitivity to paclitaxel plus carboplatin (PTX/CBP) regimen, an effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients. High level of miR-621 predicts better response to PTX/CBP regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, who also tend to achieve pathological complete response. Ectopic overexpression of miR-621 promoted apoptosis and increased chemosensitivity to PTX and CBP both in cultured breast cancer cells and in xenograft tumor model. We further show that FBXO11 is a direct functional target of miR-621 and miR-621 level is negatively correlated with FBXO11 expression in breast cancer patients. Ectopic expression of FBXO11 attenuated increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells overexpressing miR-621 upon PTX or CBP treatment. Consistently, high FBXO11 expression significantly correlated with poor survival in breast cancer patients. Mechanistically, we found in breast cancer cells FBXO11 interacts with p53 and promotes its neddylation, which suppressed the p53 transactivity. Accordingly, miR-621-dependent FBXO11 suppression enhanced p53 activity and increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells exposed to chemotherapeutics. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-621 enhances chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to PTX/CBP chemotherapy by suppressing FBXO11-dependent inhibition of p53. miR-621 may serve as a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Understanding the complex biotic and abiotic interactions invoked by the rice root system in oxygen-depleted soil is an important step in screening genotypes for low toxic metal or metalloid ...accumulation. A hydroponic and a rhizobox experiment have been conducted to explore the effects of varying root oxygen release on chemical changes, As fractionation in rhizosphere soil and Fe plaque formation, As uptake and tolerance by different rice genotypes. The results showed that rice genotypes with higher rates of radial oxygen loss (ROL) and at the bolting stage, tended to have greater effects on rhizosphere Eh, pH, Fe3+/Fe2+ quotients, As fractionation and mobility and also on Fe plaque formation compared to those with lower ROL and at the tillering stage. Genotypes with higher ROL have a strong ability to reduce As accumulation in shoots and increase As tolerance by reducing As mobilization in the rhizosphere and by limiting As translocation.
► We investigate the effects of ROL on As tolerance, uptake, and changes in rhizosphere of rice genotypes and their correlation. ► Indices of As tolerance of genotypes are positively correlated with their rates of ROL. ► Genotypes with higher rates of ROL have greater effects on rhizosphere. ► Genotypes with higher rates of ROL have a strong ability to reduce As uptake by immobilizing As on roots and in rhizosphere.
Rice genotypes with high ROL and at the bolting stage have greater effects on their rhizosphere than others with lower ROL and at tillering stage and also have lower shoot As and higher As tolerance.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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