The present study was designed to evaluate the hypothesis that nebulised budesonide (NB) might be an alternative to systemic corticosteroids (SC) in the treatment of patients with exacerbations of ...chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD). Patients hospitalised with ECOPD (n = 159) were randomised into three groups. Group 1 received only standard bronchodilator treatment (SBDT), group 2 received SC (40 mg prednisolone) plus SBDT, and group 3 received NB (1,500 microg q.i.d.) plus SBDT. Improvement during 10-day hospitalisation was compared with exacerbation and rehospitalisation rates after discharge. While mean+/-sd age was 64.1+/-8.9 yrs (female/male = 0.1), mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) at admission was found to be 37.2+/-12.2% predicted. Arterial blood gases and spirograms recovered faster in groups 2 and 3. While improvements in arterial oxygen tension (P(a,O(2))) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in group 2, and improvements in P(a,O(2)), FVC and FEV(1) in group 3, became significant at 24-h control, the first significant improvement in group 1 appeared in arterial oxygen saturation at 72-h control. The mean improvement of P(a,O(2)) after 10 days was 1.20 and 1.06 kPa (9 and 8 mmHg) higher in group 2 and 3, respectively, than in group 1. Blood glucose exhibited an upward trend only in group 2. The study demonstrates that nebulised budesonide may be an effective and safe alternative to systemic corticosteroids in the treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
In order to meet the increasing demand for coal, longwalls having large working heights up to 7.3 m are being operated worlwide. As the working heights increase, the load-bearing capacities of ...powered roof supports used at such longwalls are to be raised too. From a powered roof support it is expected that it safely bears the roof loads and transmits them to the footwall at different working heights. This article presents the results of numerical analyses on roof stresses at different longwall working heights. In order to determine the most suitable longwall working height, average stress distributions that occur on roof and gob zones are calculated for different longwall working heights. For this purpose, numerical models are built up and the procedure is applied to a real-life underground coal mine. Six distinct longwalls are modeled considering rock mass properties and working heights. In conclusion, the most suitable longwall working height for the mine under study is determined considering stresses occurring on roof strata and the gob zone.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The basic principle of the room and pillar design is to create an economical and safe underground working environment by leaving as little ore as possible due to the increase in costs today. However, ...it is a very complex engineering issue to determine the economic pillar size that will ensure the stability of the mine during production operations and work safety. The design of the pillar is based on the production of pillar sizes allowed up to the deformation limits without creating pillar defects and the production of as much valuable ore as possible. In this context, as the ore production is made, the vertical stresses that make up the pillar are increasing and pillar safety is at risk.
In this study, a model is made for the Bayındır lead-zinc mine, which is working with room and pillar method and is about to be completed. In the model, pillar stresses are evaluated at four different stages. In stage 1, stress values are calculated on the pillar to be between 0.89 and 0.92 MPa. In stage 2, it is computed to be between 0.81 and 0.84 and in stage 3, it is found to be between 0.33 and 0.66 MPa. As a result of the model according to these stress values, it is predicted that the pillars can be fully recovered safely.
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•A numerical model study is carried out based on rock mechanics tests.•Stress distributions in pillars and surrounding of pillars are calculated in 4 distinct models and 3 stages.•It is predicted that the pillars can be fully recovered safely as a result of the model work.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The quartz plate calorimeters are considered as hadronic calorimeter options for upgrading Large Hadron Collider experiments. Previous studies have shown that quartz can resist up to 12 MGy of proton ...irradiation. Using uniformly distributed wavelength shifting fibers embedded the quartz plates are shown to solve the problem of low visible light production on Cherenkov process. Here, we report the performance tests of a 20-layer quartz plate calorimeter prototype, which is constructed with this approach. The calorimeter prototype was tested at CERN H2 area in hadronic and electromagnetic configuration, at various energies of pion and electron beams. We report the beam test and simulation results of this prototype, we also discuss future improvement directions on manufacturing radiation hard wavelength shifting fibers for this type of hadronic calorimeter design.
Print and media technologies were used uncommonly in the field of chromatography and explored in application to create a miniaturized all-in-one LabToGo system. This novel research field termed ...Office Chromatography (OC) uses additive manufacturing in terms of 3D printing of operational parts as well as open-source hard- and software. The OCLab2 presented here has been considerably extended in its functionalities. For inkjet printing of solutions, a newly designed printhead was manufactured controlled by a self-constructed ink-jet board, allowing to check the nozzles’ resistance heating circuit. Plate heating was newly integrated, especially favorable for the demonstrated application of higher volumes of aqueous samples. The UV/Vis/FLD plate images were captured by a Raspberry Pi V2 camera module under illumination by novel light emitting diodes (LEDs) for highly selective RGBW color (Vis), UVC 278-nm (UV) and UVA 366-nm (FLD) detection, installed in a newly created miniature cabinet to protect from extraneous light. The spectral separation of differently colored food dyes was achieved by the fully addressable driver controlled RGBW LEDs. The software was newly written in R to speed-up the processes, supported by the new Raspberry Pi 4B computer with 4 GB RAM. The analysis of Stevia leaves for steviol glycosides yielded results comparable to the status quo. Different water samples were analyzed for bioactive compounds. Thereby, compounds of general cytotoxicity were effect-directed detected by bioluminescent A. fischeri bacteria. It allowed the bioanalytical screening for potential risks in tap water, surface waters, rain water, landfill leachates and biogas slurries.
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•Open-source OCLab2 suited as LabToGo system for point-of-care application in product safety.•Newly integrated plate heating was favorable for application of higher sample volumes.•Proof-of-principle of imaging by novel light emitting diodes installed in a miniature cabinet.•Analysis of Stevia leaves for steviol glycosides yielded results comparable to the status quo.•Bioanalytical screening of water samples allowed to check the risk for health or environment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this study, we investigated the impact of chemical etching on the light output and energy resolution of LYSO scintillators using simple, affordable laboratory equipment. We found that etching with ...phosphoric acid at temperatures between 180 °C and 190 °C improved the light output and energy resolution compared to mechanically polished crystals, even after minimal etching times. Our results show that with 7.5 min of chemical etching, the light output increase rate is 45.7%, and the relative energy resolution improvement is 12%.
•Light output and energy resolution measured for different surface treatments of LYSO scintillators.•A low-cost chemical polishing setup presented, in which multiple scintillators can be polished simultaneously.•Optimum etching time for ideal surface condition determined.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Coumarin and coumarin derivatives have been known for their anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Changes in biological activity when these biologically active ...compounds are combined with different heterocyclic groups are among the topics of interest to researchers in recent years. Therefore, a series of coumarin–selenophene hybrid compounds have been synthesized. Products are fully characterized by NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The prepared compounds are screened for their anti-inflammatory potencies on LPS induced mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). The results showed that coumarin–selenophene hybrid compounds were not cytotoxic at the tested concentrations on RAW 264.7 macrophages. Also, these compounds decreased TNF- α, IL-6 secretion, and NO, PGE
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production in dose-depended manner. According to our results, coumarin–selenophene hybrid compounds have the capacity to moderate the immune response and a potential anti-inflammatory activity.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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