This first of a kind book places spatial data within the broader domain of information technology (IT) while providing a comprehensive and coherent explanation of the guiding principles, methods, ...implementation and operational management of spatial databases within the workplace. The text explains the key concepts, issues and processes of spatial data implementation and provides a holistic management perspective that complements the technical aspects of spatial data stressed in other textbooks. In this respect, this book is unique in its coverage of spatial database principles and architecture, database modelling including UML, database and spatial data standards, spatial data infrastructure, database implementation, and workplace-oriented project management including user needs study and end user education. The text first overviews the current state of spatial information technology and it concludes with a speculative account of likely future developments. Cutting edge research and practical workplace needs are defined and explained. Topics covered, among others, include strategies for end user education, current spatial data standards and their importance, legal issues and liabilities in the ownership and use of spatial data, spatial metadata use within distributed databases, the Internet and Web-based solutions to database deployment, quality assurance and quality control in database implementation and use, spatial decision support, and spatial data mining. The book applies equally to senior undergraduate and graduate courses and students, as well as spatial data managers and practitioners already in the workplace. It will enhance their technical and human-resource based understanding of spatial data management. Certification courses that seek to prepare students for careers in the spatial information industry and courses targeted at enhancing needed geospatial workplace knowledge and skills will benefit greatly from its content.
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FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Newborn screening is important for early diagnosis and effective treatment of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). In response to a 2008 coroners' report of a 14-year-old boy who died of an undiagnosed ...IEM, the OPathPaed service model was proposed. In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of the OPathPaed model for delivering expanded newborn screening in Hong Kong. In addition, health care professionals were surveyed on their knowledge and opinions of newborn screening for IEM.
The present prospective study involving three regional hospitals was conducted in phases, from 1 October 2012 to 31 August 2014. The 10 steps of the OPathPaed model were evaluated: parental education, consent, sampling, sample dispatch, dried blood spot preparation and testing, reporting, recall and counselling, confirmation test, treatment and monitoring, and cost-benefit analysis. A fully automated online extraction system for dried blood spot analysis was also evaluated. A questionnaire was distributed to 430 health care professionals by convenience sampling.
In total, 2440 neonates were recruited for newborn screening; no true-positive cases were found. Completed questionnaires were received from 210 respondents. Health care professionals supported implementation of an expanded newborn screening for IEM. In addition, there is a substantial need of more education for health care professionals. The majority of respondents supported implementing the expanded newborn screening for IEM immediately or within 3 years.
The feasibility of OPathPaed model has been confirmed. It is significant and timely that when this pilot study was completed, a government-led initiative to study the feasibility of newborn screening for IEM in the public health care system on a larger scale was announced in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Chief Executive Policy Address of 2015.
The current study aims to examine the effects of mental health programs on well-being among highly engaged workers.
Participants were randomly allocated to body-mind-spiritual or peer support ...program. Of the whole sample, we examined participants' work engagement and positive affect from the highest quarter and the lowest quarter of work engagement at baseline. Measures were taken at baseline and 1-month intervals during 3-month programs and 3-month follow-up.
The programs had decreasing effects on work engagement in the HWE subgroup. There is an increasing trend of positive affect on the HWE group only in the body-mind-spiritual program. The trajectories of work engagement in the HWE group moved toward a moderate level.
Our results suggest that the work engagement's decrease in the HWE group could be a sign of recovery and relaxation.
In this trial involving patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease, PCI guided by assessment of fractional flow reserve was not noninferior to CABG with respect to the composite end point of ...death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or repeat revascularization at 1 year. The incidence of this composite end point was higher among those assigned to FFR-guided PCI than among those assigned to CABG.
Previous studies comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with multivessel coronary disease not involving the left main have shown ...significantly lower rates of death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke after CABG. These studies did not routinely use current-generation drug-eluting stents or fractional flow reserve (FFR) to guide PCI.
FAME 3 (Fractional Flow Reserve versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation) is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, international, randomized trial involving patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease (not involving the left main coronary artery) in 48 centers worldwide. Patients were randomly assigned to receive FFR-guided PCI using zotarolimus drug-eluting stents or CABG. The prespecified key secondary end point of the trial reported here is the 3-year incidence of the composite of death, MI, or stroke.
A total of 1500 patients were randomized to FFR-guided PCI or CABG. Follow-up was achieved in >96% of patients in both groups. There was no difference in the incidence of the composite of death, MI, or stroke after FFR-guided PCI compared with CABG (12.0% versus 9.2%; hazard ratio HR, 1.3 95% CI, 0.98-1.83;
=0.07). The rates of death (4.1% versus 3.9%; HR, 1.0 95% CI, 0.6-1.7;
=0.88) and stroke (1.6% versus 2.0%; HR, 0.8 95% CI, 0.4-1.7;
=0.56) were not different. MI occurred more frequently after PCI (7.0% versus 4.2%; HR, 1.7 95% CI, 1.1-2.7;
=0.02).
At 3-year follow-up, there was no difference in the incidence of the composite of death, MI, or stroke after FFR-guided PCI with current-generation drug-eluting stents compared with CABG. There was a higher incidence of MI after PCI compared with CABG, with no difference in death or stroke. These results provide contemporary data to allow improved shared decision-making between physicians and patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease.
URL: https://www.
gov; Unique identifier: NCT02100722.
A brief daily body-mind-spirit (BMS) workplace well-being program has been developed for community mental health workers (CMHW). Aiming to evaluate the program's efficacy, this study adopted a ...multi-site randomized controlled trial design. Primary outcome measures included work engagement and burnout. The data analysis included 175 participants. ANOVA revealed significant group x time interaction effects on work engagement (η2 = 0.037, p = 0.039) and on one of its sub-scores: absorption (η2 = 0.048, p = 0.014). Regarding burnout, ANOVA revealed that at T4 there were significant group x time effects on burnout total score and all three of its sub-scores, including work-related burnout, client-related burnout and personal burnout. Partial eta squared ranged between 0.028 and 0.071, suggesting a small-to-medium effect size. Overall findings demonstrated the protective effect of the Brief Daily BMS program in preserving work engagement during challenging conditions, and to a lesser extent in reducing burnout among CMHW.
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The objective of our study was to report the thin-section CT findings 12 months after the diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in pediatric patients who had recovered clinically but ...had persistent abnormal CT findings 6 months after the diagnosis. The clinical data for these patients were correlated to identify risk factors that might increase the likelihood of the development of CT abnormalities.
The study involved an extended 12-month thin-section CT follow-up of 16 of 47 pediatrics patients with SARS coronavirus-associated pneumonia proven serologically (21 girls and 26 boys; age range, 1.5-17 years; median age, 13.6 years). Patients' clinical information, the extent of radiographic opacification during the acute phase of illness, and conventional pulmonary function test results on follow-up were obtained for correlation. The clinical parameters were compared with other pediatric SARS patients who had normal CT findings at the 6-month follow-up.
Fifteen patients still had abnormal CT findings 12 months after diagnosis, all of whom were older than 10 years (age range, 10-17 years). In seven patients with previous residual ground-glass opacification at the 6-month follow-up, two showed persistent changes and three had a reticular pattern in the area of the previously detected abnormality, whereas two showed complete resolution. The extent of air trapping remained similar to that at the 6-month follow-up in nine of 11 patients while two showed a slight increase in the same segments. Parenchymal scars remained unchanged from the 6- to 12-month follow-up in all six patients with that finding. None of our patients showed any evidence of bronchiectasis or bronchial wall thickening. Lymphopenia (p = 0.03), extent of radiographic opacification at acute illness (p = 0.047), and duration of use of ribavirin (p = 0.03) were significant risk factors in predicting whether abnormal CT features persisted 12 months after diagnosis.
We found that 32% of the children (15/47) affected with SARS showed thin-section CT abnormalities up to 12 months after diagnosis despite clinical remission and unremarkable pulmonary function assessment. Persistent CT abnormalities are more likely to develop in patients who are older and who present with more severe disease. The CT changes in children with SARS are, however, minor.
P‐Chiral tertiary phosphane oxides have been prepared from each of the secondary phosphane oxides racemic 1, (SP)‐(−)‐4 and (RP)‐(+)‐tert‐butylphenylphosphane oxide (5) by lithiation with LDA or ...nBuLi, or sodiation with sodium hydride, in THF, and then by treatment with a series of primary alkyl halides. Doubly P‐chiral ditertiary bis(phosphane oxides) are also obtained from these metallated secondary phosphane oxides by treatment with electrophiles based on straight‐chain, tartrate‐derived, and bishalomethylarene dihalides. In general, the bis‐phosphane oxides are obtained in good yields. However, when the α,ω‐dihalide bears an embedded heteroatom (O or Si), yields are diminished. The enantiomeric purity of each of the products was assessed through admixture with (RP)‐ and (SP)‐tert‐butyl(phenyl)phosphanylthioic acids and measurement of the tert‐butyl resonances in the 1H‐NMR spectra. In all cases, the act of metallation of the enantiomerically pure secondary phosphane oxide followed by its alkylation is not accompanied by detectable racemization. This method for preparing P‐chiral tertiary phosphane oxides is therefore more straightforward than those described previously.
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Synthetic routes to novel oligomeric and polymeric platinum(II)-containing alkynylsilanes were developed. Soluble and thermally stable platinum(II) poly(alkynylsilanes) ...trans-−Pt(PBu3)2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CSiPh2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮C− n were prepared in good yield by CuI-catalyzed condensation polymerization of trans-PtCl2(PBu3)2 with HC⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CSiPh2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CH. The regiochemical structure of the polymer was studied by NMR (1H, 13C, 29Si, and 31P) spectroscopy. We report the optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra of such metal-based organosilicon polymer and compare the data with their oligomeric model complexes trans-Pt(Ph)(PEt3)2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CSiPh2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CPt(Ph)(PEt3)2 and trans-Pt(Ph)(PEt3)2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CSiPh2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CPt(PBu3)2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CSiPh2C⋮C(p-C6H4)C⋮CPt(Ph)(PEt3)2. Our studies indicate that such organometallic poly(alkynylsilanes) show a strong triplet emission with a very high efficiency of intersystem crossing from the S1 singlet excited state to the T1 triplet excited state. The dependence of intersystem crossing and the spatial extent of singlet and triplet excitons as a function of the central spacer group is discussed in polymetallaynes possessing SiPh2, C6H4 and Pt(PR3)2 (R = Et, Bu) linkers. The photoconducting properties of such silicon-linked platinum polyyne are described.
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