Trinidadian thinker and activist C. L. R. James penned a criticism of Herman Melville’s work, Mariners, Renegades, and Castaways, while incarcerated in Ellis Island, New York, in the early 1950s. I ...investigate how the contradictory claims on labour and race, literary analysis, and communism in the last chapter come from what I call the prison–detention continuum: a historical continuity allocated to prison and detention facilities despite an overt difference between the two. The distinction survived so as to maintain racial classification and labour force from the times of slavery and plantation to the Cold War era. The physical statuses of those incarcerated were insecure when the McCarran–Walter Act legalized ideological surveillance and accelerated racism inside and outside the carceral spaces. In his book on Melville, James clarifies the difference between prison and detention by emphasizing labour’s role in Ellis Island. He situates his personal experience of maltreatment of his ulcer as a structural issue, produced by the way the officers obey their authorities without any principle. To foreground the docile individuals in the totalitarian society, he compares the inmates and officers on Ellis Island with the shipmates of the Pequod in Moby Dick. Furthermore, he regards that if labour is racialized, it will necessarily culminate in revolt. I argue that James’s reference to the Korean War POWs on Koje Island prefigures an interracial solidarity that becomes visible after the Bandung Conference of 1955.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We study surface defects in 4d N=1SU(N) superconformal gauge theories of class Sk obtained from the 6d (1,0) theories of type AN−1, which are worldvolume theories on N M5-branes at C2/Zk ...singularities, compactified on Riemann surfaces with punctures. We evaluate the superconformal indices with surface defects for the orbifold of linear quiver gauge theories by two methods. First we apply a method based on Riemann surface description and obtain the superconformal index of the theories in the presence of surface defects labelled by arbitrary symmetric representations of su(N). Then we propose another description for the same surface defects, which involves 4d-2d coupled systems, by identifying which 2d N=(0,2) theories should be coupled. We compute the index of the 4d-2d systems and reproduce the results obtained from the first method. Finally we study the 2d TQFT structure of the index for class Sk theories by obtaining several eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the difference operators that capture the surface defects and checking their relation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
ABCD of ’t Hooft operators Hayashi, Hirotaka; Okuda, Takuya; Yoshida, Yutaka
The journal of high energy physics,
04/2021, Volume:
2021, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We compute by supersymmetric localization the expectation values of half-BPS ’t Hooft line operators in
N
= 2 U(
N
), SO(
N
) and USp(
N
) gauge theories on
S
1
× ℝ
3
with an Ω-deformation. ...We evaluate the non-perturbative contributions due to monopole screening by calculating the supersymmetric indices of the corresponding supersymmetric quantum mechanics, which we obtain by realizing the gauge theories and the ’t Hooft operators using branes and orientifolds in type II string theories.
We perform SUSY localization for Coulomb branch operators of 3d
N
=
4
gauge theories in
R
3
with
Ω
-deformation. Our study provides a path integral foundation to the so-called abelianization ...procedure that has been used to study the Coulomb branch. For the dressed monopole operators whose expectation values do not involve non-perturbative corrections, our computations reproduce the results of abelianization. For the expectation values of other operators and the correlation functions of multiple operators in
U
(
N
) gauge theories, we compute the non-perturbative corrections due to monopole bubbling using matrix models obtained by string theory (brane) construction. We relate the results of localization to algebraic structures discussed in the mathematical literature, and also uncover a similar relation for line operators in 4d
N
=
2
gauge theories. For
U
(
N
) (quiver) gauge theories in 3d we demonstrate a direct correspondence between wall-crossing in matrix models and the ordering of operators.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
This paper investigates whether white-collar masculinity can play a role in the life of a far-right activist. The current study employs the methods of psychosocial analysis devised by Wendy Hollway ...and Tony Jefferson. Using the case of a Japanese far-right activist, it explores how the hegemony and decline of "salaryman masculinity" in Japan interacted with his life. It draws attention to the suffering of white-collar men in their struggle to comply with hegemonic masculinity. These men's suffering tends to be overlooked due to their stable socio-economic status, but it can potentially play a role in their investment in far-right discourse.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
While the processes of decolonization in the Pacific and the Atlantic regions have been separately analyzed, this paper finds connections between these processes by examining how British and Japanese ...colonial regimes were reinforced by the US empire and the military, respectively. Here, Naoki Sakai's concept of translation as the process of creating cofigurative relations can be reframed as the Cold War regime of translation: namely, translating everything suspicious into communism and simultaneously anti-Americanism. This framework, all-encompassing and nebulous enough to arbitrarily create enemies within and without national borders, has served to strengthen the complicities among the empires such as Britain, Japan, and the US during and after the WWII. While the networks of surveillance in the colonial regions were instrumental in enhancing these complicities, the term "anti-Americanism" used by the occupiers at the height of the Cold War has undermined the voices from below and diminished the international nature of democratic movements. Samuel Selvon's A Brighter Sun (1952) demonstrates how deeply the construction of the US military bases in Trinidad affected its community in the early 1940s. Sadao Shinjo, a tanka poet in Okinawa, highlights the liminality of ideological and racial codes in the US-occupied Okinawa. His works records the presence of the colored GIs in Okinawa in the late 1960s, who participated in the local demilitarization movement. The two instances above stretch the limit of collaborative governance, questioning racialized and gendered selves under duress amidst the Cold War regime of translation.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Accumulation of senescent cells in various tissues has been reported to have a pathological role in age-associated diseases. Elimination of senescent cells (senolysis) was recently reported to ...reversibly improve pathological aging phenotypes without increasing rates of cancer. We previously identified glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) as a seno-antigen specifically expressed by senescent human vascular endothelial cells and demonstrated that vaccination against Gpnmb eliminated Gpnmb-positive senescent cells, leading to an improvement of age-associated pathologies in mice. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether GPNMB plays a role in senescent cells. We examined the potential role of GPNMB in senescent cells by testing the effects of GPNMB depletion and overexpression in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of GPNMB from human vascular endothelial cells shortened their replicative lifespan and increased the expression of negative cell cycle regulators. Conversely, GPNMB overexpression protected these cells against stress-induced premature senescence. Depletion of Gpnmb led to impairment of vascular function and enhanced atherogenesis in mice, whereas overexpression attenuated dietary vascular dysfunction and atherogenesis. GPNMB was upregulated by lysosomal stress associated with cellular senescence and was a crucial protective factor in maintaining lysosomal integrity. GPNMB is a seno-antigen that acts as a survival factor in senescent cells, suggesting that targeting seno-antigens such as GPNMB may be a novel strategy for senolytic treatments.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
We study three dimensional N=2 supersymmetric theories on I×M2 with 2d N=(0,2) boundary conditions at the boundaries ∂(I×M2)=M2⊔M2, where M2=C or T2. We introduce supersymmetric indices of three ...dimensional N=2 theories on I×T2 that couple to elliptic genera of 2d N=(0,2) theories at the two boundaries. We evaluate the I×T2 indices in terms of supersymmetric localization and study dualities on the I×M2. We consider the dimensional reduction of I×T2 to I×S1 and obtain the localization formula of 2d N=(2,2) supersymmetric indices on I×S1. We illustrate computations of open string Witten indices based on gauged linear sigma models. Correlation functions of Wilson loops on I×S1 agree with Euler pairings in the geometric phase and also agree with cylinder amplitudes for B-type boundary states of Gepner models in the Landau-Ginzburg phase.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The carboxy groups abundantly and densely present on 2,2,6,6-tetramehylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TEMPO-CNFs) have been chemically modified to prepare resin ...composites with high thermal dimensional stability. A primary-amine-terminated polyalkylene glycol (PAG) with number-average degree of polymerization of 2222 was reacted with the carboxy groups in the TEMPO-CNFs through amide bonds at PAG amidation degrees of 22%, 44%, and 76% of the carboxy groups in the TEMPO-CNFs by changing the reaction conditions. These surface PAG-amidated TEMPO-CNFs were nanodispersed in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), mixed with the polyurethane acrylate monomer, and PAG-amidated TEMPO-CNF/polyacrylate resin composites were prepared by ultraviolet-light curing. When PAG-amidated TEMPO-CNFs with amidation degree of 44% were used, the tensile modulus and thermal dimensional stability of the PAG-amidated TEMPO-CNF/polyacrylate resin composite remarkably improved. This was because the TEMPO-CNF elements were homogeneously distributed in the polyacrylate resin matrix, which was confirmed by atomic force microscopy observation and percolation theory. In contrast, when epoxy resin was used as the composite matrix, the above PAG-amidated TEMPO-CNFs did not have high thermal dimensional stability. However, when a dual surface-modified TEMPO-CNF sample containing phenyl amides and PAG-ammonium/carboxylate salt structures at amidation and amine/carboxylate salt formation degrees of 80% and 6% of the carboxy groups in the TEMPO-CNFs, respectively, the thermal dimensional stability of the neat epoxy resin remarkably improved. Thus, the carboxy groups on the TEMPO-CNF surfaces have to be suitably modified, such as by PAG amide or phenyl amide/PAG-ammonium salt dual structures, depending on the matrix resin used.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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