The effects of retail cut type on chemical, quality and nutritional characteristics of horse meat were studied. Jeju female breed horses (n = 9) at 32-mo-old were slaughtered and the carcasses at 24 ...h post-mortem were fabricated into 10 retail cuts including: tender-loin, loin, strip-loin, shoulder-chuck-roll, shoulder-clod, top-round, outside-round, brisket, short-plate-brisket, and shank. The results revealed that all of parameters (chemical, meat quality and nutritional composition) examined significantly (p<0.05) differed between the cuts. The chemical composition range (minimum to maximum) of cuts was found as such: moisture 65.06% to 71.69%; protein 19.07% to 21.28%; collagen 1.40% to 2.45%; fat 2.56% to 12.14% and cholesterol 55.76 to 79.50 mg/100 g. Shoulder-chuck-roll had the highest pH and water-holding capacity, while top-round had the highest cooking loss. Shear force ranged between the cuts from 2.80 kg/cm(2) to 4.98 kg/cm(2). The Cu, Fe, and Zn contents ranged between the cuts from 1.52 mg/kg to 2.75 mg/kg, 21.25 mg/kg to 30.85 mg/kg, and 16.51 mg/kg to 40.42 mg/kg, respectively. Additionally, most of the cuts studied showed favorable polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid, n-3/n-6 and essential amino acid/non-essential amino acid ratios.
Peripheral blood lymphocytes are an attractive tool because there is accumulating evidence indicating that lymphocytes may be utilized as a biomarker in the field of psychiatric study as they could ...reveal the condition of cells distributed in the brain. Here, we measured the mRNA expression status of dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), DRD3, and dopamine and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate regulated phosphoprotein-32 (DARPP-32) in T lymphocytes of patients with early psychosis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and explored the relationships between their mRNA levels and the psychopathological status of patients. The present study demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of DRD3 in T lymphocytes were significantly different among controls, and in patients with psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) and schizophrenia/schizophreniform disorder. However, no significant differences in mRNA expression levels of DRD2 and DARPP-32 were found among the three groups. We found a significant positive correlation between the DRD2 mRNA level and the score of the excited factor of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in patients with schizophrenia/schizophreniform disorder. These findings suggest that DRD3 mRNA levels may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker differentiating patients with early psychosis from controls.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The behaviour of an integrated-planar solid oxide fuel cell (IP-SOFC) strongly depends on the reactive diffusive flows within its porous support structure. Fuel is transported through the porous ...structure to the anodes of the electrochemical cells and the structure may be impregnated with the required catalysts for the steam reforming of methane. It is important to be able to calculate the distribution of gas properties within the porous structure in order to predict the performance of each cell and to determine the amount of internal reforming that takes place. This paper describes a three-dimensional numerical calculation method which has been developed to solve the governing equations in the porous structure. The calculation method includes the interaction between the flow in the porous medium and that in the adjacent fuel supply channel. The results highlight the importance of the kinetics of the reforming reaction and the thermal boundary conditions, both of which have a significant effect on the flow field within the porous structure.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Hypericum sampsonii is an important medicinal plant used in Vietnam to treat many diseases such as backache, burns, diarrhea, and swelling. In order to study the chemical constituents in the aerial ...parts of H. sampsonii, five compounds, including two xanthones (1-2), and three benzophenones (3-5) were isolated from the aerial parts of the H. sampsonii with various chromatographic separations. Their chemical structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data such as 1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS. Their anti-inflammatory activities were investigated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, the DPPH radical scavenging was evaluated. As the obtained results, compound 5 showed the strongest inhibitory activity against LPS-stimulated NO production in RAW264.7 cells with IC
50
value ranging from 2.00 ± 0.34 µM.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
485.
Nutrition: The future of melanoma prevention? Tong, Lana X., BA; Young, Lorraine C., MD
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology,
07/2014, Volume:
71, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Background Melanoma is one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer, having a high metastatic potential and afflicting all age groups. The need for successful preventative measures is particularly ...urgent as metastatic melanoma is largely incurable. The beneficial role of nutrition and other natural compounds in the prevention and treatment of melanoma has been clearly demonstrated in the past, and is an exciting source for potential therapies in the future. Objective We sought to review updates in the current literature regarding new developments in the relationship between nutrition and melanoma risk and treatment. Methods Articles in the public domain regarding the impact of diet, grape seed proanthocyanidins, selenium, vitamin D, vitamin E, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, lycopene, and fig latex on melanoma were included. Results Grape seed proanthocyanidins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, lycopene, and fig latex have demonstrated clear anticancer effects toward melanoma. The roles of selenium, vitamin D, and vitamin E, however, have been more controversial. Limitations None. Conclusions The role of natural compounds in the future of melanoma prevention and treatment is promising and one that is worthy of further exploration.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
IMPORTANCE: In the previously reported Comparative Enzyme Replacement Trial With neoGAA Versus rhGAA (COMET) trial, avalglucosidase alfa treatment for 49 weeks showed clinically meaningful ...improvements in upright forced vital capacity (FVC) percent predicted and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) compared with alglucosidase alfa. OBJECTIVE: To report avalglucosidase alfa treatment outcomes during the COMET trial extension. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This phase 3 double-blind randomized clinical trial with crossover in the extension period enrolled patients 3 years and older with previously untreated late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) between November 2, 2016, and February 10, 2021, with primary analysis after 49 weeks. Patients were treated at 55 referral centers in 20 countries. Efficacy outcomes were assessed at 97 weeks and safety outcomes to last follow-up, with data cutoff at February 10, 2021. Data were analyzed from May to June 2021. INTERVENTIONS: Random assignment (1:1) to receive 20 mg/kg of avalglucosidase alfa or alglucosidase alfa by intravenous infusion every other week for 49 weeks; thereafter, all patients received 20 mg/kg of avalglucosidase alfa every other week. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was the least squares (LS) mean change from baseline in FVC percent predicted. Secondary outcomes included the LS mean change from baseline in 6MWT, muscle strength, motor function, quality of life, and disease biomarkers. Safety and tolerability were also assessed. RESULTS: Of 100 participants from the double-blind treatment period, 95 entered the extension period. Of these, 51 (54%) were men, and the mean (range) age was 48.3 (10-79) years. At the start of this study, mean upright FVC percent predicted was similar between treatment arms, and 6MWT distance was greater in the avalglucosidase alfa arm. From baseline to week 97, LS mean (SE) FVC percent predicted increased by 2.65 (1.05) for those who continued avalglucosidase alfa and 0.36 (1.12) for those who switched to avalglucosidase alfa. The LS mean (SE) 6MWT distance increased by 18.60 (12.01) m and 4.56 (12.44) m, respectively. For participants who switched to avalglucosidase alfa, FVC percent predicted remained stable (LS mean SE change from week 49 to 97, 0.09 0.88) and 6MWT distance improved (LS mean SE change from week 49 to 97, 5.33 10.81 m). Potentially treatment-related adverse events were reported in 29 patients (56.9%) who continued avalglucosidase alfa and in 25 patients (56.8%) who switched. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this randomized clinical trial extension, maintenance of positive clinical outcomes was demonstrated for patients continuing avalglucosidase alfa treatment and, to a lesser extent, patients who switched from alglucosidase alfa. No new safety concerns were observed. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02782741
A new compound, physalucoside A (1), together with seven withanolides (2-8) and three flavonoids (9-11), were isolated from Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae), a medicinal plant native to Vietnam. The ...chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses, and chemical reactivity. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of isolated compounds were also evaluated. These data suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of P. angulata is due primarily to its withanolide content. This study demonstrates the potential of withanolides as promising candidates for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A two-stage plasma catalyst system for high-throughput NO x removal was investigated. Herein, the plasma stage involved the large-volume plasma discharge of humidified gas and was carried out in a ...sandwich-type honeycomb monolith reactor consisting of a commercial honeycomb catalyst (50 mm high; 93 mm in diameter) located between two parallel perforated disks that formed the electrodes. The results demonstrated that, in the plasma stage, the reduction of NO x did not occur at room temperature; instead, NO was only oxidized to NO2 and n-heptane to oxygenated hydrocarbons. The oxidation of NO and n-heptane in the honeycomb plasma discharge state was largely affected by the humidity of the feed gas. Furthermore, the oxidation of NO to NO2 occurs preferably to that of n-heptane with a tendency of the NO oxidation to decrease with increasing feed gas humidity. The reason is that the generation of O3 decreases as the amount of water vapor in the feed gas increases. Compared to the catalyst alone, the two-stage plasma catalyst system increased NO x removal by 29% at a temperature of 200 °C and an energy density of 25 J/L.
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