Although colorectal cancer is the leading cause of death in patients with liver metastases, there are no efficient treatments available. Oncolytic virus therapy, a new type of tumor therapy, has ...become a potential solution. With the goal of improving the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, we applied oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 2 (oHSV2) in a mouse model of colorectal cancer with liver metastasis. Compared with the control, oHSV2 effectively inhibited the growth of subcutaneous primary tumors, significantly reduced the number and size of liver metastases, and prolonged the median survival time of the mice. In addition, neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, T cells, B cells, and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment and the body were all activated, and their frequencies increased significantly. Moreover, the proportion of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells decreased. oHSV2 treatment, which establishes an effective long-term antitumor immune response, is strongly resistant to rechallenge by the same tumor. Our data show that oHSV2 can effectively kill the primary tumor and attack distal and metastatic tumors by inducing immune responses, resulting in lasting antitumor efficacy and preventing tumor recurrence. It is believed that oHSV2 has good clinical application prospects.
We present the design and demonstration of ultra-thin plasmonic color filters, providing a powerful approach for subtractive color filtering with high spatial resolution and ultra-compact ...architectures on sub-micrometer scales.
BACKGROUND AND AIMSLittle research have focused on the relationship between systemic oxidative stress status and NAFLD and fibrosis. The Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) is employed to evaluate ...whole-body lifestyle and diet exposures related to oxidative stress, with higher OBS scores implying exposure to more antioxidants. This study aimed to explore whether OBS is correlated with NAFLD and NAFLD-related fibrosis.METHODS AND RESULTS12,223 participants from NHANES 2003-2018 were enrolled in this study. NAFLD was defined as USFLI ≥30 and liver fibrosis was determined as FIB-4 ≥ 2.67. OBS was scored by 20 lifestyle and dietary factors. Weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to assess the association between OBS and NAFLD and fibrosis. The prevalence of NAFLD was 29.67%. There was a significant negative correlation between OBS, dietary OBS, lifestyle OBS and NAFLD and no correlation with NAFLD-related fibrosis. Compared to the lowest quartile, the adjusted ORs for the highest quartile of OBS, lifestyle OBS, dietary OBS and NAFLD were 0.55(95%CI:0.35,0.85), 0.12(95%CI:0.08,0.16), 0.70(95%CI:0.52,0.94) respectively. In stratified analyses, lifestyle OBS was negatively associated with NAFLD across gender, dietary OBS was only negatively correlated with NAFLD in men, and any OBS was not observed to be relevant to NAFLD-related fibrosis.CONCLUSIONSOBS was negatively associated with NAFLD, but not with NAFLD-related fibrosis. The findings underline the significance of adhering to an antioxidant lifestyle and diet, which can help prevent NAFLD but seems to be ineffective in preventing fibrosis in individuals with NAFLD.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
We have developed the plasmonic interference lithography technique to achieve the feature sizes theoretically down to sub-22 nm even to 16.5 nm by using dielectric-metal multilayer (DMM) with ...diffraction-limited masks at the wavelength of 193 nm with p-polarization. An 8 pairs of GaN (10 nm)/Al (12 nm) multilayer is designed as a filter allowing only a part of high wavevector k (evanescent waves) to pass through for interference lithography. The analysis of the influence by the number of DMM layers is presented. 4 pairs of the proposed multilayer can be competent for pattern the minimal feature size down to 21.5 nm at the visibility about 0.4 to satisfy the minimum visibility required with positive resist. Finite-difference time-domain analysis method is used to demonstrate the validity of the theory.
Plasmonic leak-free focusing is proposed using nonsymmtric double nanorings. A single focal spot could be obtained at the geometric center through the constructive interference of two ...anti-propagating surface plasmon waves by breaking the geometrical symmetry.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative bacterium and the one of leading causal agent of human foodborne diseases such as gastroenteritis upon consumption of raw, or contaminated marine products. ...There is an increased interest in the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternative food preservatives to prevent foodborne diseases. In this study, bioinformatics tools were used to predict and screen AMPs derived from hemoglobin of blood clam (Tegillarca granosa). A novel AMP, T. granosa hemoglobin-derived peptide (TGH1), was identified and its antimicrobial effect and mechanism of action on V. parahaemolyticus was explored. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of TGH1 on V. parahaemolyticus was 12.5 μg/mL. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that TGH1 kills bacteria by perforating the cell wall perforation and destroying integrity of the cell membrane. Similarly, laser confocal microscopy confirmed that TGH1 entered bacterial cells by aggregating on the cell surface to destroy the cell. In addition, TGH1 increased the inner-membrane permeability of V. parahaemolyticus in a concentration-dependent manner, as well as prevented biofilm formation. Moreover, TGH1 has 55.6% β-sheet (antiparallel) structure and has no cytotoxic effects on normal human hepatocytes. Thus, peptide TGH1 has good potential use and application in antimicrobial control of foodborne pathogens.
•A novel AMP TGH1 in T. granosa was identified by bioinformatics prediction.•TGH1 killed pathogens by cell wall perforation and cell membrane permeabilization.•The secondary structure of TGH1 includes 55.6% β-sheet (antiparallel).•TGH1 has no cytotoxic to human normal hepatocytes.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•NaF has profound dose-dependent effect on bones in SD rats.•A total of 63 differentially expressed proteins are identified between the NaF- treated groups and control group.•Some key proteins and ...signal transduction pathways are involved affecting the bone tissue.•Twelve (12) proteins are being first time reported to be associated with the fluoride study on bone tissue.
Long-term excessive intake of fluoride (F) could lead to chronic fluorosis. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, present study is designed to elucidate the effect of fluoride on proteome expression of bone in sodium fluoride (NaF)-treated SD rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to determine the severity of osteofluorosis, and bone samples were submitted for iTRAQ analysis. The results showed that the cortical thickness and trabecular area of femur bone in medium- and high-dose groups were higher than in control group. Contrary to this, trabecular area was reduced in the low-dose group, indicating that the bone mass was increased in medium- and high-dose groups, and decreased in the low-dose group. Thirteen (13), 35, and 34 differentially expressed proteins were identified in low-, medium-, and high-dose group, respectively. The medium- and high-dose groups shared a more similar protein expression pattern. These proteins were mainly associated with collagen metabolism, proteoglycans (PGs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), etc. The results suggested that the effect of NaF on SD rats is in a dose-dependent manner. Some key proteins found here may be involved in affecting the bone tissues and bone marrow or muscle, and account for the complex pathology and clinical symptoms of fluorosis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
We report novel circular plasmonic interferomers for refractometric sensing with detection limit of 8.7×10 -7 RIU using a multispectral sensing method. The efficient light suppression through ...destructive interference also allows low-background intensity-based detection with FOM* exceeding 140.
At present, face detection technology in video has attracted more and more attention, and its application areas are also very extensive, such as video surveillance, image detection, human-computer ...interaction, etc. However, the real-time and accuracy of face detection in the video environment are key issues that needs to be solved. In this paper, we preprocess differently frame images captured from video stream, then the AdaBoost face detection method is used to detect, along with tracking of Optical flow method, observe the influence of preprocessing methods on face detection. Thereby different pretreatment methods can be selected according to different detection environments to improve the accuracy of face detection.
Detecting specific target analytes and differentiating them from interfering background effects is a crucial but challenging task in complex multi-component solutions commonly encountered in ...environmental, chemical, biological, and medical sensing applications. Here we present a simple nanoplasmonic interferometric sensor platform that can differentiate the adsorption of a thin protein layer on the sensor surface (surface effects) from bulk refractive index changes (interfering background effects) at a single sensing spot, exploiting the different penetration depths of multiple propagating surface plasmon polaritons excited in the ring-hole nanoplasmonic sensors. A monolayer of bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules with an effective thickness of 1.91 nm is detected and differentiated from a 10
−3
change in refractive index unit for the bulk solution. The noise level of the retrieved real-time sensor output compares favorably with that of traditional prism-based surface plasmon resonance sensors, but is achieved using a significantly simpler collinear transmission geometry and a miniaturized sensor footprint.
A nanoplasmonic interferometric sensor is demonstrated to differentiate the protein surface layer from bulk solution changes at a single spot.
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