Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is important in evaluating average 24-hour blood pressure (BP) levels, circadian rhythm, sleeping BP and BP variability but many patients are reluctant to ...use standard ABPM devices.
We compared two validated ABPM devices, the BPro tonometric wrist monitor and the A&D TM-2430 oscillometric upper arm monitor, for agreement of recordings and acceptability in 37 hypertensive patients (aged 55±9 years).
Successful BP measurements were less frequent with the wrist-type than the arm-type device during the sleeping (66.3% vs. 92.9%, P <0.01) and awake periods (56.2% vs. 86.5%, P <0.01). Comparable paired readings showed no significant difference in systolic BP but diastolic BP (DBP) values were higher with the wrist compared to the arm monitor (24-hour 89±13 vs. 85±14 mmHg, P <0.01) with similar differences awake and sleeping. Bland-Altman analysis showed some large discrepancies between individual arm and wrist monitor measurements. More patients found the wrist monitor more comfortable to use than the arm monitor.
Despite the difference in individual BP measurements and the systematic overestimation of DBP values with the BPro device, wrist monitors with good patient acceptability may be useful to facilitate ABPM in some patients to provide additional information about cardiovascular risk and response to antihypertensive therapies.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Activation of stretch-sensitive baroreceptor neurons exerts acute control over heart rate and blood pressure. Although this homeostatic baroreflex has been described for more than 80 years, the ...molecular identity of baroreceptor mechanosensitivity remains unknown. We discovered that mechanically activated ion channels PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are together required for baroreception. Genetic ablation of both
and
in the nodose and petrosal sensory ganglia of mice abolished drug-induced baroreflex and aortic depressor nerve activity. Awake, behaving animals that lack
had labile hypertension and increased blood pressure variability, consistent with phenotypes in baroreceptor-denervated animals and humans with baroreflex failure. Optogenetic activation of
-positive sensory afferents was sufficient to initiate baroreflex in mice. These findings suggest that PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are the long-sought baroreceptor mechanosensors critical for acute blood pressure control.
The precision of the traditional satellite remote sensing image denoising model cannot deal well with some precise production scenes. To solve this problem, this research proposes an improved remote ...sensing image processing model, in which the dual tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) method is used to conduct multiscale decomposition of the impact, and the fourth-order differential equation is used to denoise the decomposed complex high-frequency subband information, and then the denoised subbands are reconstructed into the denoised image. Through these two advanced signal-processing methods, the quality of reconstructed signals is improved and the noise content of various types is greatly reduced. The experimental results show that the normalized root mean square error of the denoising model designed in this study after training convergence is 0.02. When the noise variance is 0.030, the structure similarity, peak signal to noise ratio, and normalized signal to noise ratio are 0.74, 25.3, and 0.76, respectively, which are better than all other comparison models. The experimental data prove that the satellite remote sensing image data denoising model designed in this study has better denoising performance, and has certain application potential in high-precision satellite remote sensing image big data processing.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study, the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was improved by codoping S and P on the interstitial and carbon sites of its aromatic heptazine units, respectively. ...X-ray photoelectron spectra and X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrated that P covalently bonded with N because of the substitution of C with P and that S was located at the interstitial sites with relatively weak bonding with N in the heptazine units of the g-C3N4 structure. The samples of g-C3N4 codoped with P and S (PSCN) displayed low photoluminescence emission intensity, suggesting suppressed recombination of photogenerated charges, and thus increased photocatalytic degradation activity. In particular, PC (C replaced by P) and Si (interstitial doping of S) doping on g-C3N4 was prominently able to enhance the charge transfer through the NSNCNP pathway to cross the heptazine units for the photocatalytic reaction, making PSCN a highly visible-active and effective metal-free photocatalyst.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Supported platinum intermetallic compound catalysts have attracted considerable attention owing to their remarkable activities and durability for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton-exchange ...membrane fuel cells. However, the synthesis of highly ordered intermetallic compound catalysts remains a challenge owing to the limited understanding of their formation mechanism under high-temperature conditions. In this study, we perform in-situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction studies to investigate the structural evolution in the impregnation synthesis of carbon-supported intermetallic catalysts. We identify the phase-transition-temperature (T
)-dependent evolution process that involve concurrent (for alloys with high T
) or separate (for alloys with low T
) alloying/ordering stages. Accordingly, we realize the synthesis of highly ordered intermetallic catalysts by adopting a separate annealing protocol with a high-temperature alloying stage and a low-temperature ordering stage, which display a high mass activity of 0.96 A mg
at 0.9 V in H
-O
fuel cells and a remarkable durability.
Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can lead to significant neurological deficits and lifelong disability, with far-reaching physical, psychological, and economic consequences for affected individuals and ...their families. Current treatments for SCIs are limited in their ability to restore function, and there is a pressing need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising strategy to promote the regeneration and repair of damaged neural tissue following SCIs. This review article comprehensively discusses the potential of different stem cell types, such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), in SCI treatment. We provide an in-depth analysis of the unique advantages and challenges associated with each stem cell type, as well as the latest advancements in the field. Furthermore, we address the critical challenges faced in stem cell therapy for SCIs, including safety concerns, ethical considerations, standardization of protocols, optimization of transplantation parameters, and the development of effective outcome measures. We also discuss the integration of novel technologies such as gene editing, biomaterials, and tissue engineering to enhance the therapeutic potential of stem cells. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts among various stakeholders in the scientific community, including researchers, clinicians, bioengineers, industry partners, and patients, to overcome these challenges and realize the full potential of stem cell therapy for SCI patients. By fostering such collaborations and advancing our understanding of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, we can pave the way for the development of groundbreaking therapies that improve the lives of those affected by SCIs.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The human nervous system exhibits limited regenerative capabilities following damage to the central nervous system (CNS), leading to a scarcity of effective treatments for nerve function recovery. In ...contrast, zebrafish demonstrate remarkable regenerative abilities, making them an ideal model for studying the modulation of inflammatory processes after injury. Such research holds significant translational potential to enhance our understanding of recovery from damage and disease. Macrophages play a crucial role in tissue repair and regeneration, with their subpopulations indirectly promoting axonal regeneration through developmental signals. The AP-1 signaling pathway, mediated by TNF/Tnfrsf1a, can elevate HDAC1 expression and facilitate regeneration. Furthermore, following spinal cord injury (SCI), pMN progenitors have been observed to switch between oligodendrocyte and motor neuron fates, with macrophage-secreted TNF-α potentially regulating the differentiation of ependymal-radial glia progenitors and oligodendrocytes. Radial glial cells (RGs) are also essential for CNS regeneration in zebrafish, as they perform neurogenesis and gliogenesis, with specific RG subpopulations potentially existing for the generation of neurons and oligodendrocytes. This review article underscores the critical role of macrophages and their subpopulations in tissue repair and regeneration, focusing on their secretion of TNF-α, which promotes axonal regeneration in zebrafish. We also offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying TNF-α's ability to facilitate axonal regeneration and explore the potential of pMN progenitor cells and RGs following SCI in zebrafish. The review concludes with a discussion of various unresolved questions in the field, and ideas are suggested for future research. Studying innate immune cell interactions with neuroglia following injury may lead to the development of novel strategies for treating the inflammatory processes associated with regenerative medicine, which are commonly observed in injury and disease.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Herein, a general strategy for chemo‐ and regioselective 1,2‐reduction of chromium‐bound arenes was developed, thus providing rapid access to 1,3‐cyclohexadienes. Selective arene activation via ...π‐complexation along with the use of mild hydride Ph3SiH can overcome the inherently low reactivity of arene π‐bonds while tolerating various reduction‐sensitive functional groups. Its versatility further enables a regiodivergent deuteration. Using different sequences of (non)deuterated hydride and acid reagents, the deuterated positions as well as the degrees of deuterium incorporation can be controlled precisely, which leads to a large and previously inaccessible chemical space for 1,3‐cyclohexadiene isotopologues. A reasonable mechanism was proposed based on intermediate capture and control experiments. The synthetic value of this selective 1,2‐reduction was demonstrated in the formal total synthesis of (±)‐galanthamine and (±)‐lycoramine.
A general and efficient protocol for chemo‐ and regioselective 1,2‐reduction of arenes via η6‐coordination to chromium has been reported for the first time. The versatility of this strategy further leads to a regiodivergent reductive deuteration that enables precise control of the deuteration sites as well as the degrees of deuterium incorporation.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Summary
The effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on dry reforming of biogas for syngas production was studied both experimentally and theoretically. In the experimental work, the H2S effect on Ni‐based ...catalyst activity was examined for reaction temperatures ranging from 600°C to 800°C. It was found that the presence of H2S deactivated the Ni‐based catalysts significantly because of sulfur poisoning. Although bimetallic Pt‐Ni catalyst has better performance compared with monometallic Ni catalyst, deactivation was still found. The time‐on‐stream measured data also indicated that sulfur‐poisoned catalyst can be regenerated at high reaction temperatures. In the theoretical work, a thermodynamic equilibrium model was used to analyze the H2S removal effect in dry reforming of H2S‐contained biogas. Calcium oxide (CaO) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) were used as the H2S sorbent. The results indicated that H2S removal depends on the initial H2S concentration and reaction temperature for both sorbents. Although CO2 was also removed by CaO, the results from equilibrium analysis indicated that the dry reforming reaction in the presence of CaO was feasible similar to the sorption enhanced water‐gas shift and steam‐methane reforming reactions. The simulation results also indicated that CaO was a more preferable H2S sorbent than CaCO3 because syngas with an H2/CO ratio closer to 2 can be produced and requires lower heat duty.
For H2S‐contained dry reforming of biogas case, CH4 and CO2 conversions decrease as the testing time increases for each reaction temperature. For each reaction temperature, unstable data were also obtained indicating that catalyst suffers from sulfur poisoning and its activity decays significantly as time proceeds. However, at the temperature of 800°C, CH4 and CO2 conversions were higher than those at 750°C. This indicates that high‐temperature operation can significantly mitigate sulfur adsorption, and hence, the saturation sulfur coverages are lower compared with low‐temperature operation.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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•Polysaccharide film (CPFT) exhibited the well physical and mechanical properties.•CPFT was observed to have a complex structure.•CPFT possessed the excellent slow-releasing ability ...>CPFT showed the remarkable antioxidant, antiseptic and color protective activities.
The formation, properties and functions of a polysaccharide film (CPFT) were investigated. CPFT was created by loading TP into pectin and chitosan matrix by blending method. Comparing with control, the thickness and the water vapor permeability of CPFT were increased with the addition of TP, and the tensile strength of CPFT was reduced by 17% while its elongation at break was increased by 37%. Then, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that TP had interacted with the film substrates and might made CPFT more complex. Furthermore, CPFT showed the remarkable slow-release, antioxidant and antiseptic activities, which were all concentration-dependent. Moreover, the degeneration of color in fresh beef could be effectively inhibited by CPFT during the 8 days storage. All present results suggested that CPFT showed the potential value to be used as a functional edible polysaccharide film applied in food industries.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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