Due to the particularity of the work of the prison police, the prevalence of depression is increasing. To explore the influence mechanism of prison police depression, this study used questionnaire to ...measure burnout, work–family conflict, and depression of prison police in two follow-ups with 6-month intervals, and the number of valid subjects was 118. Cross-lagged analysis and longitudinal mediation analysis were used for data processing. The results showed that job burnout and depression among prison police can influence and predict each other. Work–family conflict significantly positively predicted depression. Burnout and work–family conflict are important predictors of changes in depression among prison police. The policy and practice implications of the findings are discussed at the end of the study.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The work engagement of police officers pertains to social stability and security, as well as to the orderly operation of the political-economic environment. Although there are many studies on work ...engagement at present, few studies focus on the influencing factors of police officers' work engagement. According to the job demands-resources model and the conservation of resources theory, job resources (e.g., perceived organizational support) and personal resources (e.g., regulatory emotional self-efficacy) are important factors influencing work engagement. We assume that a moderated mediation model, in which job satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between perceived organizational support and work engagement, regulatory emotional self-efficacy moderates not only the relationship between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction but also the relationship between job satisfaction and work engagement.
This study explores the drivers of work engagement through perceived organizational support and regulatory emotional self-efficacy among Chinese police officers using a convenient sampling method to administer a questionnaire to 744 Chinese police officers. A mediated model is proposed to investigate the mediating role of job satisfaction and the regulating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy.
Job satisfaction mediated a positive relationship between organizational support and work engagement, and the perceived organizational support-job satisfaction and the job satisfaction-work engagement relationships were positively moderated by regulatory emotional self-efficacy, such that these relationships were stronger at higher levels of regulatory emotional self-efficacy. These findings have a practical significance for Chinese police officers' work engagement advancement.
Based on the theory of perceived organizational support (POS), conservation of resource (COR) and job demands-resources (JD-R) model, this study establishes a moderated mediation model to test the ...role of job satisfaction in mediating the relationship between POS and job burnout, as well as the role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy (RES) in moderating the above mediating process.
A total of 784 police officers were surveyed with the POS Scale, the Job Burnout Questionnaire, the RES Scale, and the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire.
(1) After controlling for gender, seniority, age, police classification, education, and marital status, regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between POS and burnout (
= -0.42,
< 0.01), and the former had a significant negative predictive effect on job burnout (β = -0.42,
< 0.001). (2) The mediating effect test shows that job satisfaction plays a partial role in mediating the relationship between POS and job burnout. (3) Through the analysis of the moderated mediation model test, RES moderates the first half of the path of "POS → job satisfaction → job burnout."
POS not only directly affects police job burnout but also indirectly affects police job burnout through job satisfaction. RES enhances the influence of organizational support on job satisfaction. This study indicates the combined effect of POS, job satisfaction, and RES on job burnout and has certain guiding significance for alleviating police job burnout.
Life satisfaction is a key component of quality of life; it is associated with many factors, including occupational and family life. The results of existing studies examining associations among work ...engagement, work-family conflict, and life satisfaction have been inconsistent.
We explored the mechanism of action of police work engagement on life satisfaction, and analyzed the relationships among work engagement, work-family conflict, psychological detachment, and police life satisfaction from the angle of family and work relationships.
A total of 760 police officers completed the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Work-Family Conflict Scale, and Psychological Detachment Scale; 714 questionnaires were valid.
Work engagement both directly affected police life satisfaction (β = 0.58,
< 0.001), and indirectly influenced police life satisfaction through work-family conflict (β = -0.07,
< 0.05). Different levels of psychological detachment moderated both the relationship between work engagement and work-family conflict (β = 0.17,
< 0.001), and the relationship between work-family conflict and life satisfaction (β = 0.07,
< 0.05).
A moderated mediation model was established. Work-family conflict partially mediates the relationship between work engagement and police life satisfaction. Psychological detachment moderates the first and second half of the mediating process by which work engagement affects police life satisfaction through work-family conflict.
Abstract
Diatomic molecules phosphorus monoxide (PO) and phosphorus mononitride (PN) are the main reservoirs of gas-phase phosphorus in interstellar and circumstellar environments, indicating the ...possibility of forming new phosphorus-bearing molecules through reactions with other interstellar species. To explore the astrochemistry of PO and PN, new simple phosphorus-bearing molecules O, C, N, P and 2O, C, N, P were generated in the gas phase and isolated in cryogenic matrices for characterization with matrix-isolation IR and UV/vis spectroscopy in combination with calculations at the CCSD(T)-F12a/VTZ-F12 level of theory. In an inert argon matrix, OPCN isomerizes to OPNC upon UV-light irradiation at 365 nm, followed by successive isomerizations to PNCO and POCN with concomitant dissociation to diatomic PN and CO under further irradiation at 193 nm. By analogy, the isomerization of O
2
PCN to O
2
PNC and OPNCO followed by fragmentation to OPN/CO and PN/CO
2
occurs in the matrix upon irradiation at 193 nm. In a chemically active CO ice, the photolytic reaction of OPCN with CO yields CO
2
and PCN, and O
2
PCN reacts with CO by forming OPCN and CO
2
, in which the photochemical networks for these P-bearing species linking the astrochemically important PN and PO have been proposed. The experimental identification of these phosphorus-bearing molecules is supported by quantum chemical calculations, and the spectroscopic data may aid in their detection in the interstellar and circumstellar medium.
Drug addiction is difficult to overcome. The relapse rate is high, and the negative impact on individuals, families and society is severe, therefore exploring social psychological mechanisms to ...reduce relapse has very important theoretical and practical value. However, the underlying mechanism by which the interaction between family and individual factors influences the tendency to relapse remain unclear. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship between family intimacy and relapse tendency of people who use drugs, as well as the mediating effect of psychological capital and the role of self-efficacy in it.
A total of 817 male who use drugs were investigated via the Family Intimacy and Adaptability Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Relapse Tendency Questionnaire. Using Hayes's process macro carried out moderated mediation analysis.
(1) The average family intimacy score of people who use drugs was low. (2) Family intimacy negatively predicted relapse tendency in people who use drugs. (3) Psychological capital mediated the relationship between family intimacy and relapse tendency. (4) The first half of the indirect effect of family intimacy on relapse tendency was regulated by self-efficacy, compared with the low level of self-efficacy, the psychological capital level with high self-efficacy is higher.
The results of this study suggest that the intimacy between the people who use drugs and their family members should be improved, and the rehabilitation center should take various measures to enhance the psychological capital level and the level of self-efficacy of the people who use drugs, which will be helpful to reduce their relapse tendency.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Formyl radical (HCO•) and hydroxycarbonyl radical (HOCO•) are versatile building blocks in the formation of biorelevant complex organic molecules (COMs) in interstellar medium. Understanding ...the chemical pathways for the formation of HCO• and HOCO• starting with primordial substances (e.g., CO and CO
2
) is of vital importance in building the complex network of prebiotic chemistry. Here, we report the efficient formation of HCO• and HOCO• in the photochemistry of hydroxidooxidosulfur radical (HOSO•)–a key intermediate in SO
2
photochemistry–in interstellar analogous ices of CO and CO
2
at 16 K through hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions. Specifically, 266 nm laser photolysis of HOSO• embedded in solid CO ice yields the elusive hydrogen‑bonded complexes HCO•···SO
2
and HOCO•···SO, and the latter undergoes subsequent HAT to furnish CO
2
···HOS• under the irradiation conditions. Similar photo-induced HAT of HOSO• in solid CO
2
ice leads to the formation of HOCO•···SO
2
. The HAT reactions of HOSO• in astronomical CO and CO
2
ices by forming reactive acyl radicals may contribute to understanding the interplay between the sulfur and carbon ice-grain chemistry in cold molecular clouds and also in the planetary atmospheric chemistry.
Abstract
Gastric cancer ranks fourth for mortality globally among various malignant tumours, and invasion and metastasis are the major reason leading to its poor prognosis. Recently, accumulating ...studies revealed the role of reticulon proteins in cell growth and transmigration. However, the expression and biological function of reticulon proteins in human gastric cancer remain largely unclear. Herein, we explored the potential role of reticulon 2 (RTN2) in the progression of gastric cancer. Tissue microarray was used to determine the expression levels of RTN2 in 267 gastric cancer patients by immunohistochemistry. Gastric cancer cell lines were utilised to examine the influences of RTN2 on cellular migration and invasion abilities, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and signalling pathway. In vivo studies were also performed to detect the effect of RTN2 on tumour metastasis. We found that RTN2 expression was notably upregulated in tumour tissues compared to pericarcinomatous tissues. High RTN2 expression was positively correlated with patients’ age, vessel invasion, tumour invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Besides, high RTN2 staining intensity was associated with adverse survival which was further identified as an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients by multivariate analysis. And the predictive accuracy was also improved when incorporated RTN2 into the TNM-staging system. RTN2 could promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, RTN2 interacted with IP3R, and activated ERK signalling pathway via facilitating Ca
2+
release from the endoplasmic reticulum, and subsequently drove EMT in gastric cancer cells. These results proposed RTN2 as a novel promotor and potential molecular target for gastric cancer therapies.
Chemical reactions involving quantum mechanical tunneling (QMT) increasingly attract the attention of scientists. In contrast to the hydrogen‐tunneling as frequently observed in chemistry and ...biology, tunneling solely by heavy atoms is rare. Herein, we report heavy‐atom tunneling in trifluoroacetyl nitrene, CF3C(O)N. The carbonyl nitrene CF3C(O)N in the triplet ground state was generated in cryogenic matrices by laser (193 or 266 nm) photolysis of CF3C(O)N3 and characterized by IR and EPR spectroscopy. In contrast to the theoretically predicted activation barriers (>10 kcal mol−1), CF3C(O)N undergoes rapid rearrangement into CF3NCO with half‐life times of less than 10 min and unprecedentedly large 14N/15N kinetic isotope effects (1.18–1.33) in solid Ar, Ne, and N2 matrices even at 2.8 K. The tunneling disappearance of CF3C(O)N becomes much slower in the chemically active toluene and in 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran at 5 K.
Tunnel vision: Trifluoroacetyl nitrene (CF3C(O)N) in the triplet ground state was generated and characterized. In contrast to the theoretically predicted activation barrier of more than 10 kcal mol−1, the nitrene undergoes a fast 1,2‐CF3 shift into singlet trifluoromethyl isocyanate (CF3NCO) through heavy‐atom tunneling in cryogenic matrices (2.8–23.0 K).
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Thermally persistent triplet sulfonyl nitrene, FSO2N, was produced in the gas phase in high yields (up to 66%) by flash vacuum pyrolysis of FSO2N3. Surprisingly, no rearrangement of FSO2N was ...observed, but the long-sought radical FSO2 (22%) and traces of SO2 (3%) were identified by IR (15N, 18O, 34S) spectroscopy. The photoinduced Curtius rearrangement of the nitrene to FNSO2 was observed in solid noble gas matrices, and reactions of the nitrene with O2, NO, and CO were studied.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
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