This study presents nanorod FeS
2
@3DGF by in situ synthesized converted from α-FeOOH on the 3D graphene foam (GF) by one-step method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and ...Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that FeS
2
nanorods are evenly distributed above the 3D graphene foam interlayer, forming a grass-like nanostructured composite. The insertion of FeS
2
nanorods into the substrate column improves the structural stability of 3D graphene foam to prevent the re-accumulation of nanorods in the process of sodium insertion/extraction process. The nanorods can also shorten the sodium-ion migration path and increase the active region. As the anode electrode materials of sodium-ion battery, FeS
2
@3DGF has excellent electrochemical performance. The α-FeOOH@3DGF precursor achieved by hydrothermal method creates appropriate morphology of nanorods, which is beneficial for obtaining ultra-small FeS
2
@3DGF nanorods during sulfidation and electron and sodium ion transferring. Therefore, the FeS
2
@3DGF capacity keeps 502.2 mAh g
−1
up to 250 cycles. The synergistic effect of FeS
2
on 3D graphene foam promotes the nanostructure stability of FeS
2
@3DGF, demonstrating well electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Abstract
As an important part of a bearing, a bearing ring (BR) is prone to producing various defects on each surface in the production process, which seriously affects the reliability of the ...bearing. To solve the problem in which multiple defects are randomly distributed on multiple surfaces and manual detection is difficult, an automatic method for detecting defects on the whole surface of BRs based on machine vision is proposed. Firstly, the characteristics of the BR’s surface defects are analyzed, and an efficient scheme for acquiring the whole surface image of the BR is designed. Then, the method for detecting the defects on the whole surface of BRs is developed, and the corresponding image preprocessing, region of interest extraction and defect recognition algorithms are designed. Finally, a visual inspection system to identify the defects on the whole surface of BRs based on a multi-station turnover process is developed. On the premise of determining the key parameters of the detection algorithm, the performance of the detection method is analyzed through the experimental method. The results show that the comprehensive accuracy of the proposed detection method is 95%, which meets the detection requirements. On this basis, the detection strategy is optimized, and the best parameter combination is obtained through the experiments, which further reduces the false detection rate of good products and the missed detection rate of defective products, both of which are less than 3.5%.
We designed and synthesized a new self-supporting composite with α-FeOOH nanorods and three-dimensional graphene foam (3DGF). When α-FeOOH is tightly combined with 3D graphene foam, it can maintain ...the microstructure of the electrode, and can effectively reduce the volume expansion and improve the cycle stability of the electrode. 3D graphene foam as a matrix material effectively improves the conductivity of the electrode material, providing a channel for rapid electron transfer. α-FeOOH@3DGF showed better lithium storage performance, and the reversible capacity remained at approximately 310 mAh·g-1 after charging and discharging 100 cycles at 500 mA·g-1.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Hulless barley grass may confer many health benefits attributed to its bioactive functional components, such as polysaccharides. Here, a hot water soluble polysaccharide was extracted from hulless ...barley grass, and its chemical characterization and in vitro anti-cancer activities were investigated. The yield of hulless barley grass polysaccharide (HBGP) was 2.3%, and the purity reached 99.1% with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.11 after purification by a diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DE-32) column and an S-400 high resolution (HR) column. The molecular weight and number-average molecular weight of HBGP were 3.3 × 10
and 2.9 × 10
Da, respectively. The monosaccharide composition of HBGP included 35.1% galactose, 25.6% arabinose, 5.5% glucose, and 5.3% xylose. Based on infrared spectrum analysis, HBGP possessed pyranose and galactose residues. In addition, this water-soluble polysaccharide showed significant cell proliferation inhibitory effects against cancer cell lines HT29, Caco-2, 4T1, and CT26.WT in a dose-dependent manner, especially for HT29 (the half-inhibitory concentration IC
value = 2.72 mg/mL). The results provide a basis for the development and utilization of hulless barley grass in functional foods to aid in preventing cancer.
Mild alkali treatment can potentially be developed as a greener alternative to the traditional alkali treatment of starch, but the effect of mild alkali on starch is still understudied. Normal and ...waxy rice starches were subjected to mild alkali combined with hydrothermal treatment to investigate their changes in physicochemical properties. After mild alkali treatment, the protein content of normal and waxy rice starches decreased from 0.76% to 0.23% and from 0.89% to 0.23%, respectively. Mild alkali treatment decreased gelatinization temperature but increased the swelling power and solubility of both starches. Mild alkali treatment also increased the gelatinization enthalpy of waxy rice starch from 20.01 J/g to 25.04 J/g. Mild alkali treatment at room temperature increased the pasting viscosities of both normal and waxy rice starches, whereas at high temperature, it decreased pasting viscosities during hydrothermal treatment. Alkali treatment significantly changed the properties of normal and waxy rice starch by the ionization of hydroxyl groups and the removal of starch granule-associated proteins. Hydrothermal conditions promoted the effect of alkali. The combination of hydrothermal and alkali treatment led to greater changes in starch properties.
Young hulless barley leaves are gaining recognition for potential health benefits, and the method of extracting polysaccharides from them is critical for potential food industry applications. This ...study delves into a comparative analysis of six distinct fiber extraction techniques: hot water extraction; high-pressure steam extraction; alkaline extraction; xylanase extraction; cellulase extraction; and combined xylanase and cellulase extraction. This analysis included a thorough comparison of polysaccharide–monosaccharide composition, structural properties, antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP), and rheological properties among fibers extracted using these methods. The results underscore that the combined enzymatic extraction method yielded the highest extraction yield (22.63%), while the rest of the methods yielded reasonable yields (~20%), except for hot water extraction (4.11%). Monosaccharide composition exhibited divergence across methods; alkaline extraction yielded a high abundance of xylose residues, whereas the three enzymatic methods demonstrated elevated galactose components. The extracted crude polysaccharides exhibited relatively low molecular weights, ranging from 5.919 × 104 Da to 3.773 × 105 Da across different extraction methods. Regarding antioxidant activities, alkaline extraction yielded the highest value in the ABTS assay, whereas enzymatically extracted polysaccharides, despite higher yield, demonstrated lower antioxidant capacity. In addition, enzymatically extracted polysaccharides exerted stronger shear thinning behavior and higher initial viscosity.
Sensitive and reliable determination of thrombin is relevant in the realms of medical and biological research as it serves as an essential biomarker of a number of blood-related illnesses. Herein, we ...integrate allosteric probe-based specific identification of thrombin and dual signal amplification to present an unique fluorescent technique for label-free and sensitive thrombin detection. Based on DNA polymerase and endonuclease-assisted signal amplification, the method exhibits a high sensitivity with a low limit of detection of 2.3 pM, while maintaining an excellent selectivity and stability. More importantly, the approach is successfully applied in analyzing the effect of nalbuphine on coagulation function of mice. Overall, this approach possesses the advantages of high specificity and sensitivity in label-free detection of thrombin, which is promising in the diagnosis of blood-related diseases.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Influence maximization for opinion formation (IMOF) in social networks is an important problem, which is used to determine some initial nodes and propagate the most ideal opinions to the whole ...network. The existing researches focus on improving the opinion formation models to compute the opinion of each node. However, little work has been done to describe the IMOF process mathematically, and the current researches cannot provide an effective mechanism to deal with the IMOF. In this paper, the IMOF is formulated mathematically and solved by an iterative framework. At first, we describe the IMOF as a constrained optimization problem. Then, based on node influence and neighbor coordination, the weighted coordination model is proposed to compute the opinions of network nodes with the change of iterations. In particular, in order to determine top-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">k </tex-math></inline-formula> influential nodes (i.e., seed nodes), an iterative framework for the IMOF, called IIMOF is presented. Based on the framework, the score and rank of each node by Iterative 2-hop algorithm, i.e., SRI2 is proposed to compute the influence score of each node. Based on small in-degree and high out-degree, one-hop measure is proposed to better reflect the rank of all initial nodes. We also prove that IIMOF converges to a stable order set within the finite iterations. The simulation results show that IIMOF has superior average opinions than the comparison algorithms.
The biogeochemistry of multi-elements, such as sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) and arsenic (As), is interlinked especially at interfaces of soil/sediment–water and plant rhizosphere. To explore the ...biogeochemical behavior of multi-elements such as S-P-As at interfaces, an in situ and high-resolution technology is required. In this study, we developed an in situ probe (LDHs-DGT) based on the diffusive gradients in thin-films technique using a single binding layer to realize the co-measurement of multi-elements including sulfide and oxyanions. Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized and incorporated into the probe’s binding layer. Laboratorial characterization showed that the LDHs-DGT probe had a high capacity for sulfide, phosphate and arsenate and can effectively determine their levels across a wide range of solution conditions, i.e., pH from 5 to 8 and ionic strengths from 0.005–0.01 mol L−1 NaNO3. The application potential of the LDHS-DGT probe in capturing the concentration profiles of sulfide and oxyanions across the soil/sediment–water interface at a centimeter scale was demonstrated. The synchronous co-variations of labile sulfide and phosphate were observed along an intact river sediment core, demonstrating the redox driven behaviors of oxyanions at aerobic–anaerobic transition zones. Moreover, the LDHS-DGT probe was further used to acquire the dynamic distributions of multi-elements in the plant rhizosphere at a two-dimensional millimeter scale. Compared to treatments of sodium sulfate and mercaptopygorskite fertilization, the addition of elementary S promoted the reduction of sulfate to sulfide along the whole growth stage and thus inhibited the activation of toxic metals in the rice rhizosphere. Collectively, this study provides a tool for convenient measurement of nutrients and metal(loid)s across soil–water/root interfaces at high resolution and thus, a broad application prospect of the tool in sustainable agriculture is expected.
With the fast development of Internet, network traffic rapidly grows and the size of Internet scale gradually becomes bigger. It brings serious challenges to Network Service Chain (NSC) deployment ...across multiple domains which are managed by different network operators and service providers. It is difficult for each server in the multi-domain network to obtain a global topology view and available resource information of other domains. Meanwhile, there exist various operational strategies for different network operators and service providers in the multi-domain network. How to optimally deploy NSCs in a multi-domain network to realize cost efficient and low latency service provisioning is challenging. To this end, in this paper, we study the problem of NSC deployment across multiple domains. Specifically, by leveraging Software Defined Networking (SDN) architecture, we present a novel service deployment framework to deploy Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) in the multi-domain network in a cost efficient and low latency method. Then, we establish a multi-objective optimization model with the target of minimizing end-to-end delay, service cost and operational cost with the constraints of resource allocation and VNF dependency relationships. Furthermore, we design a novel heuristic NSC deployment algorithm to solve the optimization model. In the proposed heuristic algorithm, VNF dependency relationship based NSC processing workflow optimization method and Dijkstra algorithm based NSC deployment adjustment method are presented to optimize delay and cost. Finally, extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed heuristic deployment algorithm is efficient and outperforms comparison algorithms in terms of end-to-end delay, service cost and operational cost.
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