Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involve in diverse biological processes by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Emerging evidence shows that miRNA-4293 plays a significant role in the ...development of non-small cell lung cancer. However, the oncogenic functions of miR-4293 have not been studied. Our results demonstrated that miR-4293 expression is markedly enhanced in lung carcinoma tissue and cells. Moreover, miR-4293 promotes tumor cell proliferation and metastasis but suppresses apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations identified mRNA-decapping enzyme 2 (DCP2) as a target of miR-4293 and its expression is suppressed by miR-4293. DCP2 can directly or indirectly bind to WFDC21P and downregulates its expression. Consequently, miR-4293 can further promote WFDC21P expression by regulating DCP2. With a positive correlation to miR-4293 expression, WFDC21P also plays an oncogenic role in lung carcinoma. Furthermore, knockdown of WFDC21P results in functional attenuation of miR-4293 on tumor promotion. In vivo xenograft growth is also promoted by both miR-4293 and WFDC21P. Overall, our results establish oncogenic roles for both miR-4293 and WFDC21P and demonstrate that interactions between miRNAs and lncRNAs through DCP2 are important in the regulation of carcinoma pathogenesis. These results provided a valuable theoretical basis for the discovery of lung carcinoma therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers based on miR-4293 and WFDC21P.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory immune-mediated disease that can lead to synovitis, cartilage destruction, and even joint damage. Dexamethasone (DEX) is a commonly used agent for RA ...therapy on inflammation manage. However, the traditional administering DEX is hampered by low efficiency and obvious adverse effects. Therefore, in order to efficiently deliver DEX to RA inflamed joints and overcome existing deficiencies, we developed transdermal formation dextran sulfate (DS) modified DEX-loaded flexible liposome hydrogel (DS-FLs/DEX hydrogel), validated their transdermal efficiency, evaluated its ability to target activated macrophages, and its anti-inflammatory effect. The DS-FLs/DEX exhibited excellent biocompatibility, sustainable drug release, and high uptake by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. Furthermore, the DS-FLs/DEX hydrogel showed desired skin permeation as compared with regular liposome hydrogel (DS-RLs/DEX hydrogel) due to its good deformability. In vivo, when used the AIA rats as RA model, the DS-FLs/DEX hydrogel can effectively penetrate and accumulate in inflamed joints, significantly improve joint swelling in RA rats, and reduce the destructive effect of RA on bone. Importantly, the expression of inflammatory cytokines in joints was inhibited and the system toxicity did not activate under DS-FLs/DEX hydrogel treatment. Overall, these data revealed that the dextran sulfate (DS) modified DEX-loaded flexible liposome hydrogel (DS-FLs/DEX hydrogel) can prove to be an excellent drug delivery vehicle against RA.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Aiming to clarify the mechanisms governing the interlayer magnetic coupling, we have investigated the stacking energy and interlayer magnetism of bilayer CrBr3 systemically. The magnetic ground ...states of bilayer CrBr3 with different R-type and H-type stacking orders are established, which are found to be in good agreement with recent experiments Science 2019, 366, 983 . Further analyses indicate that the stacking energy is mainly determined by the Coulomb interaction between the interlayer nearest-neighbor Br–Br atoms, while interlayer magnetism can be understood by a competition between super-superexchange interactions involving t2g–t2g and t2g–eg orbitals and semicovalent exchange interactions of eg–eg orbitals. Our studies give an insightful understanding of the stacking order and interlayer magnetism of bilayer CrBr3, which should be useful to understand the quantum confinement effect of other van der Waals magnetic materials.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The newly discovered 2D magnetic materials provide new opportunities for basic physics research and device applications. However, their low Curie temperature (TC) is a common weakness. In this paper, ...by combining magnetic Hamiltonian, Wannier functions and first-principles calculations, we systematically study the magnetic properties of monolayer CrI3 functionalized with halogens. The magnetic exchange coupling (EX) and magnetic anisotropy (MA) are found to increase significantly with X (X = F, Cl and Br) atom adsorption, and increase with increased coverage of X. In the framework of superexchange theory, the enhanced EX can be ascribed to the reduced energy difference and increased hopping strength between Cr d and I p orbitals, due to the states of the I ligand engineered by the X adatom. Besides, the X adatom may provide an additional ferromagnetic superexchange channel. Our results not only give insight into understanding the enhancement of ferromagnetism of CrI3 by atom adsorption, but also propose a promising way to improve the ferromagnetism of 2D magnetic materials.
The online backpropagation (BP) training procedure has been extensively explored in scientific research and engineering applications. One of the main factors affecting the performance of the online ...BP training is the learning rate. This paper proposes a new dynamic learning rate which is based on the estimate of the minimum error. The global convergence theory of the online BP training procedure with the proposed learning rate is further studied. It is proved that: 1) the error sequence converges to the global minimum error; and 2) the weight sequence converges to a fixed point at which the error function attains its global minimum. The obtained global convergence theory underlies the successful applications of the online BP training procedure. Illustrative examples are provided to support the theoretical analysis.
•Symmetric equivalent circuit model was proposed to analyze DME and CME effects.•The experimental results show a good agreement with the prediction from the theory.•A remarkable field sensitivity and ...higher DME and CME coefficients, and high resonance frequency were found.
There are few experimental studies on the shear-shear (S-S) mode magnetoelectric (ME) composites, especially near the resonance frequency because of their complex sample preparation and high resonance frequency. What’s more, theoretical studies on the S-S mode magnetoelectric composites is still blank. In this article, an equivalent circuit model was proposed to analyze the direct and converse magnetoelectric (DME and CME) effects in an S-S mode ME bilayered composite. Then, the composite was experimentally studied, showing a good agreement with the theoretical predication. The S-S mode has a remarkable field sensitivity and much high DME and CME coefficients, reaching 27.5 V/(cm·Oe) and 3 × 10-6 s/m, respectively, in this simple bilayered composite under the DC magnetic field of 1800 Oe near the resonance frequency. The composite shows a prospect of applications in high frequency ME transducers, energy capture devices and magnetic field sensitive sensors.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•UiO-66-SH was successfully prepared by separate-heating alkaline hydrolysis strategy.•UiO-66-SH had good thermal stability, high porosity and low toxicity.•UiO-66-SH realized the ...loading of gallic acid.•UiO-66 delayed release of gallic acid in gastric fluid.
The purpose of this study was to treat UiO-66 (University of Oslo 66) under suitable thermal alkaline hydrolysis condition to realize the loading of gallic acid. UiO-66-SH (UiO-66-separated-heating) was obtained by separated heating UiO-66 and 0.2 M KOH aqueous solution to 120 ℃ before mixing for 3 h. The material was in an amorphous state, maintained the octahedron structure and size of UiO-66. UiO-66-SH has better porosity and specific surface area than UiO-66, and had good thermal stability until heated to 1000 ℃. Furthermore, UiO-66-SH had very little influence of the cellular activity of human normal heptical cell line, demonstrating its good biocompatibility. The prepared UiO-66-SH could successfully adsorb gallic acid and control the release of gallic acid in simulated gastric fluid (∼58% vs. ∼ 88% of free gallic acid). This study will be conducive to preparation of appropriate carrier used to load with polyphenolic compounds such as gallic acid.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have been regarded as prospective rechargeable energy storage devices because of the high theoretical capacity and low redox potential of Zn metal. However, the ...uncontrollable formation of dendrites and the water-induced side reactions at the Zn/electrolyte interface, and the poor reversibility under a high current density (> 2 mA·cm
−2
) and large area capacity (> 2 mAh·cm
−2
) still limit the practical applications of AZIBs. Therefore, a strategy that can overcome these difficulties is urgently needed. Here, we introduce an environmentally friendly and low-cost additive, namely urea, to the electrolyte of AZIBs to induce uniform Zn deposition and suppress the side reactions. Measurements of the adsorption behavior, electrochemical characterization, and observations of the morphology revealed the interfacial modification induced by urea on the Zn/electrolyte interface, demonstrating its huge potential in AZIBs. Consequently, the long-term cycling stability (over 2100 h) of a Zn/Zn symmetric cell under a high current density of 5 mA·cm
−2
and a capacity of 5 mAh·cm
−2
was achieved with a 1 mol·L
−1
ZnSO
4
electrolyte with the urea additive. Additionally, the assembled Zn/NH
4
V
4
O
10
full cell with urea exhibited excellent cycling performance and an outstanding average Coulombic efficiency of 99.98%. These results indicate that this is a low-cost and effective additive strategy for realizing highly reversible AZIBs.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Capacitation, a prerequisite for oocyte fertilization, is a complex process involving series of structural and functional changes in sperms such as membrane modifications, modulation of enzyme ...activities, and protein phosphorylation. In order to penetrate and fertilize an oocyte, mammalian sperms must undergo capacitation. Nevertheless, the process of sperm capacitation remains poorly understood and requires further elucidation. In the current study, via high throughput sequencing, we identified and explored the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs involved in boar sperm capacitation.
We identified a total of 5342 mRNAs and 204 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in fresh and capacitated boar sperms. From these, 12 miRNAs (8 known and 4 newly identified miRNAs) and their differentially expressed target mRNAs were found to be involved in sperm capacitation-related PI3K-Akt, MAPK, cAMP-PKA and Ca
signaling pathways.
Our study is first to provide the complete miRNA and transcriptome profiles of boar sperm. Our findings provide important insights for the understanding of the RNA profile in boar sperm and future elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism relevant to mammalian sperm capacitation.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To explore changes in brain apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in normal fetuses and fetuses with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) during the second and early third trimesters.
This ...single-center prospective study was conducted from May 2019 through October 2021. We measured and compared the mean ADC values between 23 fetuses with CHD and 27 gestational age (GA)-matched controls using covariance analyses. ADC density plots and histograms were used to compare brain characteristics. False-discovery rates (FDR, α = 0.05) correction was used for multiple testing.
The mean ADC in the frontal white matter, temporal white matter, parietal white matter, occipital white matter, cerebellar hemisphere, central area of the centrum semiovale, basal ganglia region, thalamus, and pons were not significantly different (all
> 0.05). Based on histogram analysis, there were no significant differences between the controls and fetuses with CHD after FDR correction. However, the ADC density plots showed significant heterogeneity between the controls and fetuses with CHD.
The mean ADC values and ADC histogram analysis did not differ between the CHD and normal groups. The ADC density plots may provide supplementary information and improve the sensitivity for detecting early brain changes in fetuses with CHD.
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