In this paper, the Bi4Ti3O12/Bi2O3/Bi12TiO20 (BTO) spherical ternary heterojunction composite was successfully prepared by a simple sol-gel method. The phase, morphology and optical properties of the ...catalyst were studied by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, UV–vis DRS and PL. The catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance under visible light irradiation for remove of 17β-Estradiol (E2). The degradation efficiency of E2 could approach 100% using Bi4Ti3O12/Bi2O3/Bi12TiO20 (the molar ratio of Bi: Ti = 6:1) as photocatalyst under visible light irradiation for 100 min. The removal rate of 6-BTO catalyst was significantly better than P25 (38.9%) and pure Bi2O3 (83.7%). The active species and band gaps of photocatalysts were studied by the capture experiments of active substances and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and the possible photocatalytic mechanism was speculated.
Two proposed photocatalytic mechanism of the 6- BTO photocatalyst: (a) Ⅱ type, (b) Z type. Display omitted
•Bi4Ti3O12/Bi2O3/Bi12TiO20 (BTO) ternary heterojunction materials have been synthesized for the first time.•It has excellent photocatalytic properties under visible light irradiation for remove of 17β-Estradiol (E2).•The Z-type degradation mechanism was proposed.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Anthocyanins play many roles in plants, including providing protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. Japanese apple rust (Gymnosporangium yamadae Miyabe ex G. Yamada) causes serious diseases in ...plants of the genus Malus and results in reduced fruit production and quality. However, few studies have been done to unravel the molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin formation in rust-infected apple leaves. To identify new regulatory genes in apple leaves that may be involved in regulating rust-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, we measured anthocyanin content and sequenced the transcriptomes of rust-infected and uninfected tissues of Malus ‘Profusion’ leaves. Significant color changes and anthocyanin enrichment (especially cyanidin-3-galactoside chloride) occurred in infected tissues, whereas no significant color change and a low anthocyanin level were observed in uninfected tissue. We identified 10,045 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these two tissue types, including 6021 genes that were upregulated in the infected tissue and 4024 genes that were downregulated. We also identified five structural genes that are putative regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, 56 MYB genes, 36 bHLH genes, and one WD40 gene were identified among the obtained DEGs. According to the phylogeny of the amino acid sequences of transcription factors known to be involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, one MYB gene (MYB114-like) and two bHLH genes (bHLH33 and bHLHA-like) may relate to anthocyanin biosynthesis in rust-infected apple leaves. These data will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin accumulation upon rust infection.
With the development of culture-independent techniques, numerous studies have demonstrated that the lower airway is not sterile in health and harbors diverse microbial communities. Furthermore, new ...evidence suggests that there is a distinct lower airway microbiome in those with chronic respiratory disease. To understand the role of lower airway dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of asthma, in this article, we review the published reports about the lung microbiome of healthy controls, provide an outlook on the contribution of lower airway dysbiosis to asthma, especially steroid-resistant asthma, and discuss the potential therapies targeted for lower airway dysbiosis.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
When consumers purchase toys from retail stores, the majority of toys are packaged, making it difficult for them to observe the toys comprehensively. This limitation may hinder their ability to make ...informed purchase decisions. To address this challenge, this paper introduces an immersive toy experience program utilizing augmented reality (AR) technology. The program utilizes the camera on mobile devices to scan and identify the toy's cover image, subsequently showcasing corresponding virtual toy models in a simulated environment. Additionally, interactive controls enable users to manipulate the viewing angles. In terms of methodology, we have specifically designed an expandable collection of toy images, allowing the recognition of recently introduced toys by adding them to the database, enhancing the scalability of our application. In comparison to previous research, our work transcends the constraints of traditional toy shopping, providing a more intuitive, interactive, and personalized experience through AR technology.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The interaction properties of the seeds have to be calibrated to simulate the realistic behavior of the seed bulk. Here, a simple and accurate calibration method of DEM interaction properties of ...seeds with adequate equipment to simulate each seed’s behavior remains a challenge. In this research, the rotary drum is chosen as simple equipment to calibrate particle–particle and particle–material interaction properties, as there is a lack of research on whether the rotary drum is adequate equipment to calibrate particle–material interaction properties. Therefore, this article calibrates particle–particle and particle–material static and rolling interaction coefficients using a rotary drum. The calibration of particle–material static and rolling friction coefficients are described using the rotating drum with a 45 degrees inclination. The particle–particle static and rolling friction coefficients were calibrated according to the angle of repose when the rotary drum is vertical.
Our previous efforts have proved that modifications targeting the 150-cavity of influenza neuraminidase can achieve more potent and more selective inhibitors. In this work, four subseries of C5-NH
...modified oseltamivir derivatives were designed and synthesized to explore every region inside the 150-cavity. Among them, compound
was exceptionally potent against the whole panel of Group-1 NAs with IC
values ranging from 0.26 to 0.73 nM, being 15-53 times better than oseltamivir carboxylate (OSC) and 7-11 times better than zanamivir. In cellular assays,
showed more potent or equipotent antiviral activities against corresponding virus strains compared to OSC with no cytotoxicity. Furthermore,
exhibited high metabolic stability in human liver microsomes (HLM) and low inhibitory effect on main cytochrome P450 enzymes. Notably,
displayed favorable druggability in vivo and potent antiviral efficacy in the embryonated egg model and mice model. Overall,
appears to be a promising candidate for the treatment of influenza virus infection.
The large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by high glucose metabolism in diabetic patients not only induces inflammation but also damages blood vessels, finally resulting in low limb ...temperature, and the high glucose environment in diabetic patients also makes them susceptible to bacterial infection. Therefore, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) usually presents as a nonhealing wound. To efficaciously prevent and treat DFU, we proposed a near-infrared (NIR) responsive microneedle (MN) patch hierarchical microparticle (HMP)-ZnO-MN-vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor (H-Z-MN-VEGF&bFGF), which could deliver drugs to the limbs painlessly, accurately, and controllably under NIR irradiation. Therein, the hair-derived HMPs exhibited the capacity of scavenging ROS, thereby preventing damage to the blood vessels. Meanwhile, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles endowed the MN patch with excellent antibacterial activity which could be further enhanced with the photothermal effect of HMPs under NIR irradiation. Moreover, vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor could promote the angiogenesis. A series of experiments proved that the MN patch exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capacities. In vivo, it obviously increased the temperature of fingertips in diabetic rats as well as promoted collagen deposition and angiogenesis during wound healing. In conclusion, this therapeutic platform provides a promising method for the prevention and treatment of DFU.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Graphite is extensively used in the engineering field due to its unique properties, and the study of its cutting mechanism has become particularly important. However, the brittle fracture mechanism ...of graphite makes it rather easy for cracks with a unique pattern of initiation and growth to develop when processing. Herein, the ABAQUS was selected to establish a finite element model (FEM) of the graphite cutting process. The internal crystal structure of graphite was modelled by a Voronoi structure, and a cohesion unit was globally embedded into the solid unit to simulate crack initiation and growth. In addition, the complete process of chip formation and removal was demonstrated. The analysis of the simulation results showed that the graphite material underwent three periodic cycles of material removal during the cutting process, i.e., large, tiny, and small removal stages. Meanwhile, the simulation results indicated that when ac was large enough, the crack gradually grew inside the graphite and then turned to the upper surface of the graphite. However, when ac was tiny enough, the cracks hardly expanded towards the inside of the graphite but grew upwards for a short period. Then, orthogonal cutting experiments of graphite were conducted, and the FEM was verified based on the experimental chip morphology, machined surface morphology, and current geometric model of the graphite cutting process. The simulation and experimental results were consistent. The hereby-presented FEM was a complement to simulations of the processing of brittle materials.
A chemodosimeter-based fluorescent detection method coupled with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) extraction was developed for determination of l-cysteine (l-Cys) by combining molecular ...imprinting technique with fluorescent chemodosimeter. The MIPs prepared by precipitation polymerization with l-Cys as template, possessed high specific surface area of 145m2/g and good thermal stability without decomposition lower than 300°C, and were successfully applied as an adsorbent with excellent selectivity for l-Cys over other amino acids, and enantioselectivity was also demonstrated. A novel chemodosimeter, rhodamine B1, was synthesized for discriminating l-Cys from its structurally similar homocysteine and glutathione as well as various possibly co-existing biospecies in aqueous solutions with notable fluorescence enhancement when adding l-Cys. As l-Cys was added with increasing concentrations, an emission band peaked at 580nm occurred and significantly increased in fluorescence intensity, by which the l-Cys could be sensed optically. High detectability up to 12.5nM was obtained. An excellent linearity was found within the wide range of 0.05–50μM (r=0.9996), and reasonable relative standard deviations ranging from 0.3% to 3.5% were attained. Such typical features as high selectivity, high sensitivity, easy operation and low cost enabled this MIPs-fluorometry to be potentially applicable for routine detection of trace l-Cys.
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•A chemodosimeter-based fluorescent detection coupled with molecularly imprinted polymers based extraction was developed.•A chemodosimeter RB1 was designed and synthesized for specifically fluorescent discriminating l-Cys from homocysteine.•The approach is potentially applicable for trace l-Cys determination.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Until recently, few cases of three or more malignant tumors in one patient have been reported. Owing to the high incidence rate of these tumors, the improvement in cancer diagnosis and treatment, and ...the extension of patient survival time, the incidence of reported multiple primary malignant neoplasms has gradually increased. The present study reported the case of a 57-year-old man with non-small cell lung cancer combined with B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase V600E mutation, gastrointestinal stromal tumors and lumbar vertebral malignant mucinous sarcoma. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of these three malignancies are discussed and previous studies are also reviewed. The aim of the study was to analyze the genetic mutations associated with multiple primary malignant tumors and to discuss whether those mutations with unknown functional significance could be used as therapeutic indicators. This case report will serve as a reference for future treatment of such patients.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
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