Integrating a graphene transparent electrode (TE) matrix with driving circuits is essential for the practical use of graphene in optoelectronics such as active-matrix organic light-emitting diode ...(OLED) display, however it is disabled by the transport of carriers between graphene pixels after deposition of a semiconductor functional layer caused by the atomic thickness of graphene. Here, the carrier transport regulation of a graphene TE matrix by using an insulating polyethyleneimine (PEIE) layer is reported. The PEIE forms an ultrathin uniform film (≤10 nm) to fill the gap of the graphene matrix, blocking horizontal electron transport between graphene pixels. Meanwhile, it can reduce the work function of graphene, improving the vertical electron injection through electron tunneling. This enables the fabrication of inverted OLED pixels with record high current and power efficiencies of 90.7 cd A
and 89.1 lm W
, respectively. By integrating these inverted OLED pixels with a carbon nanotube-based thin-film transistor (CNT-TFT)-driven circuit, an inch-size flexible active-matrix OLED display is demonstrated, in which all OLED pixels are independently controlled by CNT-TFTs. This research paves a way for the application of graphene-like atomically thin TE pixels in flexible optoelectronics such as displays, smart wearables, and free-form surface lighting.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In a modern electronics system, charge‐coupled devices and data storage devices are the two most indispensable components. Although there has been rapid and independent progress in their development ...during the last three decades, a cofunctionality of both sensing and memory at single‐unit level is yet premature for flexible electronics. For wearable electronics that work in ultralow power conditions and involve strains, conventional sensing‐and‐memory systems suffer from low sensitivity and are not able to directly transform sensed information into sufficient memory. Here, a new transformative device is demonstrated, which is called “sen‐memory”, that exhibits the dual functionality of sensing and memory in a monolithic integrated circuit. The active channel of the device is formed by a carbon nanotube thin film and the floating gate is formed by a controllably oxidized aluminum nanoparticle array for electrical‐ and optical‐programming. The device exhibits a high on–off current ratio of ≈106, a long‐term retention of ≈108 s, and durable flexibility at a bending strain of 0.4%. It is shown that the device senses a photogenerated pattern in seconds at zero bias and memorizes an image for a couple of years.
Transformative nanodevices incorporate emerging nanotechnologies to meet future data‐intensive applications. A new flexible carbon nanotube transformative device named “sen‐memory” is developed, showing fused sensing‐and‐memory functionality and large scalability. The sen‐memory matrix realizes an in situ writing of optical data into nonvolatile memory without an auxiliary gate bias and the photogenerated pattern can be stored for a couple of years.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and miRNA-target gene mechanisms, have recently emerged as key provokers in Ischemic stroke (IS) onset. However, cellular and molecular events harboring ...these epigenetic alterations are poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for IS.
miRNAs, mRNAs and DNA methylation datasets of IS were derived from the GEO database and normalized by PCA sample analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed. The overlapped genes were utilized to construct a protein-protein interaction network (PPI). Meanwhile, differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs interaction pairs were obtained from the miRDB, TargetScan, miRanda, miRMap and miTarBase databases. We constructed differential miRNA-target gene regulatory networks based on mRNA-miRNA interactions.
A total of 27 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated differential miRNAs were identified. Dataset analysis identified 1053 and 132 up-regulated and 1294 and 9068 down-regulated differentially expressed genes in the GSE16561 and GSE140275 datasets, respectively. Moreover, 9301 hypermethylated and 3356 hypomethylated differentially methylated sites were also identified. Moreover, DEGs were enriched in terms related to translation, peptide biosynthesis, gene expression, autophagy, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, primary immunodeficiency, oxidative phosphorylation and T cell receptor signaling pathway. MRPS9, MRPL22, MRPL32 and RPS15 were identified as hub genes. Finally, a differential miRNA-target gene regulatory network was constructed.
RPS15, along with hsa-miR-363-3p and hsa-miR-320e have been identified in the differential DNA methylation protein interaction network and miRNA-target gene regulatory network, respectively. These findings strongly posit the differentially expressed miRNAs as potential biomarkers to improve ischemic stroke diagnosis and prognosis.
Abstract
Context
Glucocorticoids have potent effects on the central nervous system. However, while patients with Cushing syndrome frequently report impairments in cognitive function, studies ...investigating cognitive function in patients with autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) in adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are scarce.
Objective
The aim of the present study was to evaluate neurocognitive function in patients with ACS.
Methods
We prospectively recruited 63 patients with AI, 36 patients with nonfunctional adrenal adenoma (NFA) (46.5 ± 10.5 years), and 27 patients with ACS (48.6 ± 9.1 years); these patients underwent a battery of validated neuropsychological tests. ACS was diagnosed when serum cortisol levels after a 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (cortisol1 mg DST) ≥ 50 nmol/L.
Results
Patients with ACS had higher frequency of subjective memory complaints (40.7% vs 13.9%, P < 0.05) and higher proportion of mild cognitive impairment (22.2% vs 2.8%, P < 0.05) than patients with NFA. Furthermore, patients with ACS had worse performance on working memory and the visuospatial/constructional domain than patients with NFA (all P < 0.05). Serum cortisol1 mg DST was negatively correlated with working memory and visuospatial/constructional domains (r = −0.307 and −0.306, respectively, all P < 0.05). Performance on working memory and visuospatial/constructional domains gradually deteriorated with increases in serum cortisol1 mg DST (all P values for trend < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that serum cortisol1 mg DST was a significant risk factor for impairment of working memory and visuospatial/constructional domains (B = −0.006 and −0.043, respectively, all P < 0.05).
Conclusion
This study is the first to report that ACS is accompanied by impaired cognitive function. Consequently, cognitive function assessment should be incorporated into the clinical evaluation of patients with ACS.
Clinical trial registration number
NCT05357456.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of microRNA (miRNA) (miRSNP) are SNPs located on miRNA genes or miRNA target sites, which have been supposed to be involved in the development of central ...nervous system diseases by interfering with miRNA-mediated regulatory functions. However, the association of miRSNP with post-stroke depression (PSD) has not been well-investigated. In this study, we collected 54 PSD risk genes
manual literature-mining and integrated PSD-related risk pathways based on multiple public databases. Furthermore, we systematically screened candidate functional miRSNPs for PSD and integrated a miRSNP-based PSD-associated pathway network, which included 99 miRNAs that target 12 PSD risk pathways. We also reviewed the association between three risk pathways and PSD pathogenetic mechanism thoroughly. Combining literature mining and network analysis, our results proposed an underlying mechanism of "miRSNP → miRNA → risk gene → pathway" axis effects on PSD pathogenesis, especially for rs28457673 (miR-15/16/195/424/497 family) → IGF1R → hsa04010 (MAPK signaling pathway). Our studies revealed a functional role in genetic modifier at the system level in the pathogenesis of PSD, which might provide further information for the miRSNP studies in PSD.
To obtain the phase transformation latent heat corresponding to different cooling rates with low test workload and cost, the Newton thermal analysis method and the improved Newtonian thermal analysis ...method were discussed based on the cooling curve obtained in the end-quench test. The validity of two methods was given by the latent heat calculation of 45# steel. The results show that the relative error of latent heat is 5.20% through the improved Newtonian thermal analysis method, which is more accurate than the Newtonian thermal analysis method. Furthermore, the latent heat release of phase transformation of the self-designed CSU-A1 powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy increases from 4.3 to 12.29 J/g when the cooling rate decreases from 50.15 to 33.40 °C/min, because there is more sufficient time for the alloy microstructure to complete the phase transformation process when the cooling rate is smaller.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The microstructural and mechanical properties of metal materials are affected by the cooling rate during the heat treatment. The temperature distribution and the corresponding cooling rate are ...determined by the heat transfer coefficient. To study the heat transfer coefficient of an advanced nickel-based superalloy during the end-quench process with air, the experimental and fluid-solid coupling numerical studies were conducted in this work. Furthermore, the apparent specific heat capacity associated with the cooling rate was applied to address the effect of phase transformation in the nickel-based superalloy. The results showed that the heat transfer coefficient at the quenched end reached over 400 W/(m2·K) at 800 K when the air flow was 2.7 m3/h because of the combination of a strong impinging jet and radiation heat transfer. Based on the simulation results, an empirical correlation among the heat transfer coefficient at the quenched end, the temperature and the flow rate of the air was proposed. The validity of the heat transfer coefficient model was verified by the temperature curves obtained in the experiment.
•Fluid-solid coupling calculation was applied to study the heat transfer between material specimen and coolant.•The heat transfer coefficient in the end-quench test was studied through fluid-solid coupling calculation.•The apparent specific heat capacity associated with the cooling rate was applied to calculate the effect of phase transformation latent heat.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A comprehensive study of modeling the frequency-dependent friction in a pipeline during pressure transients following a sudden cut-off of the flow is presented. A new method using genetic ...algorithms（GAs） for parameter identification of the weighting function coefficients of the frequency-dependent friction model is described. The number of weighting terms required in the friction model is obtained. Comparisons between simulation results and experimental data of transient pressure pulsations close to the valve in horizontal upstream and downstream pipelines are carried out respectively.The validity of the parameter identification method for weighting function coefficients and the calculation method for the number of weighting terms in the friction model is confirmed.
Carbon nanotube (CNT) thin-film transistors are expected to be promising for use in flexible electronics including flexible and transparent integrated circuits and in wearable chemical and physical ...sensors and for driving the circuits of flexible display panels. However, current devices based on CNT channels suffer from poor performance uniformity and low manufacturing yield; therefore, they are still far from being practical. This is usually caused by nonuniform deposition of the semiconducting CNTs and the rough surface of flexible substrates. Here, we report CNT thin-film transistors (TFTs) driving a flexible 64 × 64 pixel active matrix light-emitting diode display (AMOLED) by improving the formation of uniform CNT films and developing a new pretreatment technique for flexible substrates. The achieved AMOLED has uniform brightness and a high yield of 99.93% in its 4096 pixels. More than 8000 TFTs with high-purity semiconducting CNTs as the channel material show an average on–off current ratio of ∼107 and a carrier mobility of 16 cm2 V–1 s–1. The standard deviations of the on-state current and the carrier mobility are 4.1 and 6.5%, respectively. Our result shows that the panel driven by high-purity semiconducting CNTs is a promising strategy for the development of next-generation flexible, large-area displays.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Previous studies have indicated that the plasticizer di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) affects lipid accumulation; however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aim to clarify the effect of ...DEHP on lipid metabolism and the role of TYK2/STAT1 and autophagy.
In total, 160 Wistar rats were exposed to DEHP 0, 5, 50, 500 mg/(kg·d) for 8 weeks. Lipid levels, as well as mRNA and protein levels of TYK2, STAT1, PPARγ, AOX, FAS, LPL, and LC3 were detected.
The results indicate that DEHP exposure may lead to increased weight gain and altered serum lipids. We observed that DEHP exposure affected liver parenchyma and increased the volume or number of fat cells. In adipose tissue, decreased TYK2 and STAT1 promoted the expression of PPARγ and FAS. The mRNA and protein expression of LC3 in 50 and 500 mg/(kg·d) groups was increased significantly. In the liver, TYK2 and STAT1 increased compensatorily; however, the expression of FAS and AOX increased, while LPL expression decreased. Joint exposure to both a high-fat diet and DEHP led to complete disorder of lipid metabolism.
It is suggested that DEHP induces lipid metabolism disorder by regulating TYK2/STAT1. Autophagy may play a potential role in this process as well. High-fat diet, in combination with DEHP exposure, may jointly have an effect on lipid metabolism disorder.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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