Recently, tensor train rank, defined by a well-balanced matricization scheme, has been shown the powerful capacity to capture the hidden correlations among different modes of a tensor, leading to ...great success in tensor completion problem. Most of the high-dimensional data in the real world are more likely to be grossly corrupted with sparse noise. In this paper, based on tensor train rank, we consider a new model for tensor robust principal component analysis which aims to recover a low-rank tensor corrupted by sparse noise. The alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm is developed to solve the proposed model. A tensor augmentation tool called ket augmentation is used to convert lower-order tensors to higher-order tensors to enhance the performance of our method. Experiments of simulated data show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of PSNR and SSIM values. Moreover, experiments of the real rain streaks removal and the real stripe noise removal also illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Dehydrins (DHNs) play a crucial role in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Although DHNs have been identified and characterized in many plants, there is little known about Capsicum annuum ...L., one of the economically important vegetable crops. In this study, seven CaDHNs in the pepper genome were identified, which could be divided into two classes: YnSKn- and SKn-type, based on their highly conserved domains. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that the seven DHN genes were expressed in all tissues and might be involved in the growth and development of pepper. The gene expression profiles analysis suggested that most of the CaDHN genes were induced by various stresses (low temperature, salt and mannitol) and signaling molecules (ABA, SA and MeJA). Furthermore, the CaDHN3 (YSK2)-silenced pepper plants showed obvious lower resistance to abiotic stresses (cold, salt and mannitol) than the control plants (TRV2:00). So the CaDHN3 might act as a positive role in resisting abiotic stresses. This study lays the foundation for further studies into the regulation of their expression under various conditions.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The construction of an efficient oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) bifunctional electrocatalyst is of great significance but still remains a giant challenge for ...high-performance metal–air batteries. In this study, uniform FeS/Fe3C nanoparticles embedded in a porous N,S-dual doped carbon honeycomb-like composite (abbr. FeS/Fe3C@NS-C-900) have been conveniently fabricated by pyrolysis of a single-crystal Fe-MOF, which has a low potential gap ΔE of ca. 0.72 V, a competitive power density of 90.9 mW/cm2, a specific capacity as high as 750 mAh/g Zn , and excellent cycling stabilities over 865 h (1730 cycles) at 2 mA/cm2 when applied as a cathode material for rechargeable zinc–air batteries. In addition, the two series-linked Zn–air batteries successfully powered a 2.4 V LED light as a real power source. The efficient ORR/OER bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and long-term durability of the obtained composite might be attributed to the characteristic honeycomb-like porous structure with sufficient accessible active sites, the synergistic effect of FeS and Fe3C, and the N,S codoped porous carbon, which provides a promising application potential for portable electronic Zn–air battery related devices.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Hexanuclear polyoxomolybdenum-based discrete supermolecules Na
x
Mo
V
6
O
6
(μ
2
-O)
9
(Htrz)
6−
x
(trz)
x
·
n
H
2
O (
x
= 0,
n
= 15,
1
;
x
= 1,
n
= 12,
2
;
x
= 2,
n
= 10,
3
;
x
= 2,
n
= 49,
4
; Htrz ...= 1
H
-1,2,3-triazole) have been prepared and fully characterized with different amounts of sodium cations inside and outside the intrinsic holes. Structural analyses demonstrate that they all exist a triangular channel constructed by six molybdenum-oxygen groups with inner diameters of 2.86 (
1
), 2.48 (
2
), and 3.04 (
3
/
4
) Å, respectively. Zero, one, or two univalent enthetic guest Na
+
have been hosted around the structural centers, which reflect the expansion and contraction effects at microscopic level. Water-soluble species can serve as crown ether-like metallacycles before and after the sodium binding. Diverse nanoscale pores are further formed through intermolecular accumulations with hydrogen bonding. Gas adsorption studies indicate that
2-4
can selectively adsorb CO
2
and O
2
but have little or even no affinities toward H
2
, N
2
, and CH
4
. Theoretical calculations corroborate the roles of Na
+
and auxiliary ligand with different states in bond distances, molecular orbitals, electrostatic potentials, and lattice energies in these discrete clusters. The binding orders of sodium cations in
2-4
are similar with the classical crown ethers, where
2
is the strongest one with 2.226(4)
av
Å for sodium cation bonded to six O atoms.
Hexanuclear molybdenum-based discrete clusters can be regarded as crown ether-like metallacycles. The embedding of different amounts of Na
+
results in different sizes of the intrinsic holes. Theoretical calculations give the binding order influenced by Na
+
/triazole
−
.
With the advances in Polygonatum research, there is a huge interest in harnessing the valuable functional ingredients of this genus with the potential for functional foods. This review emphasizes the ...different aspects of Ploygonatum based research starting from its bioactive compounds, their structural characterization, various extraction methods, as well as biological activities. In view of its integral use as an essential medicinal plant, our review emphasizes on its promising food applications both as an ingredient and as a whole food, and its improved health benefits with potential for agricultural and environmental relevance are also discussed. As we collated the recent research information, we present the main challenges and limitations of the current research trend in this area which can upgrade the further expansion of Polygonatum-related research that will strengthen its economic and accessible nutritional value in the food and health industries. By highlighting the need for the unattended species, this review not only fills existing research gaps, but also encourages the researchers to find new avenues for the natural production of bio-based functional materials and the development of highly functional and health-promoting foods for disease prevention and treatment.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a major cause of bacterial meningitis, septicemia and pneumonia in children. Inappropriate choice of antibiotic can have important adverse consequences for ...both the individual and the community. Here, we focused on penicillin/cefotaxime non-susceptibility of S. pneumoniae and evaluated appropriateness of targeted antibiotic therapy for children with IPD (invasive pneumococcal diseases) in China. A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 14 hospitals from 13 provinces in China. Antibiotics prescription, clinical features and resistance patterns of IPD cases from January 2012 to December 2017 were collected. Appropriateness of targeted antibiotics therapy was assessed. 806 IPD cases were collected. The non-susceptibility rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin and cefotaxime were 40.9% and 20.7% respectively in 492 non-meningitis cases, whereas those were 73.2% and 43.0% respectively in 314 meningitis cases. Carbapenems were used in 21.3% of non-meningitis cases and 42.0% of meningitis cases for targeted therapy. For 390 non-meningitis cases with isolates susceptible to cefotaxime, vancomycin and linezolid were used in 17.9% and 8.7% of cases respectively for targeted therapy. For 179 meningitis cases with isolates susceptible to cefotaxime, vancomycin and linezolid were prescribed in 55.3% and 15.6% of cases respectively. Overall, inappropriate targeted therapies were identified in 361 (44.8%) of 806 IPD cases, including 232 (28.8%) cases with inappropriate use of carbapenems, 169 (21.0%) cases with inappropriate use of vancomycin and 62 (7.7%) cases with inappropriate use of linezolid. Antibiotic regimens for IPD definite therapy were often excessive with extensive prescription of carbapenems, vancomycin or linezolid in China. Antimicrobial stewardship programs should be implemented to improve antimicrobial use.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Despite much attention, history of sheep (Ovis aries) evolution, including its dating, demographic trajectory and geographic spread, remains controversial. To address these questions, we generated 45 ...complete and 875 partial mitogenomic sequences, and performed a meta-analysis of these and published ovine mitochondrial DNA sequences (n = 3,229) across Eurasia. We inferred that O. orientalis and O. musimon share the most recent female ancestor with O. aries at approximately 0.790 Ma (95% CI: 0.637-0.934 Ma) during the Middle Pleistocene, substantially predating the domestication event (∼8-11 ka). By reconstructing historical variations in effective population size, we found evidence of a rapid population increase approximately 20-60 ka, immediately before the Last Glacial Maximum. Analyses of lineage expansions showed two sheep migratory waves at approximately 4.5-6.8 ka (lineages A and B: ∼6.4-6.8 ka; C: ∼4.5 ka) across eastern Eurasia, which could have been influenced by prehistoric West-East commercial trade and deliberate mating of domestic and wild sheep, respectively. A continent-scale examination of lineage diversity and approximate Bayesian computation analyses indicated that the Mongolian Plateau region was a secondary center of dispersal, acting as a "transportation hub" in eastern Eurasia: Sheep from the Middle Eastern domestication center were inferred to have migrated through the Caucasus and Central Asia, and arrived in North and Southwest China (lineages A, B, and C) and the Indian subcontinent (lineages B and C) through this region. Our results provide new insights into sheep domestication, particularly with respect to origins and migrations to and from eastern Eurasia.
We report on the largest open‐shell graphenic bilayer and also the first example of triply negatively charged radical π‐dimer. Upon three‐electron reduction, bilayer nanographene fragment molecule ...(C96H24Ar6)2 (Ar=2,6‐dimethylphenyl) (12) was transformed to a triply negatively charged species 123.−, which has been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and magnetic properties on a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). 123.− features a 96‐center‐3‐electron (96c/3e) pancake bond with a doublet ground state, which can be thermally excited to a quartet state. It consists of 34 π‐fused rings with 96 conjugated sp2 carbon atoms. Spin frustration is observed with the frustration parameter f>31.8 at low temperatures in 123.−, which indicates graphene upon reduction doping may behave as a quantum spin liquid.
A triply negatively charged radical species based on a bilayer of a C96 nanographene was synthesized and characterized. It is stabilized as an open‐shell doublet ground state with an excited quartet state. It is the largest well‐defined open‐shell graphenic bilayer and also the first example of a triply negatively charged radical π‐dimer. Spin frustration is observed in this species.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The terahertz region is a special region of the electromagnetic spectrum that incorporates the advantages of both microwaves and infrared light waves. In the past decade, metamaterials with effective ...medium parameters or gradient phases have been studied to control terahertz waves and realize functional devices. Here, we present a new approach to manipulate terahertz waves by using coding metasurfaces that are composed of digital coding elements. We propose a general coding unit based on a Minkowski closed-loop particle that is capable of generating 1-bit coding (with two phase states of 0 and 180°), 2-bit coding (with four phase states of 0, 90°, 180°, and 270°), and multi-bit coding elements in the terahertz frequencies by using different geometric scales. We show that multi-bit coding metasurfaces have strong abilities to control terahertz waves by designing-specific coding sequences. As an application, we demonstrate a new scattering strategy of terahertz waves--broadband and wide-angle diffusion--using a 2-bit coding metasurface with a special coding design and verify it by both numerical simulations and experiments. The presented method opens a new route to reducing the scattering of terahertz waves.Light: Science & Applications (2015) 4, e324; doi:10.1038/lsa.2015.97; published online 11 September 2015
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