In this study, three commercial non-Saccharomyces yeasts, i.e., Torulaspora delbrueckii, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Lachancea thermotolerans were tested in combination with Saccharomyces ...cerevisiae to produce Italian Riesling white wines, with the fermentation progress, physical and chemical indexes of white wine, volatile profile and aromatic property of resulting white wines determined and compared, in order to elucidate their influences on the aroma quality of white wines. Results showed that, all fermentations were completed successfully, but the growth of M. pulcherrima was more easily inhibited by the proliferation of S. cerevisiae. Moreover, the ethanol concentrations of white wines from mixed fermentations were lower than that of S. cerevisiae single inoculation. Volatile compounds were detected by HS-GC-IMS, and a total of 34 volatiles were obtained. Wines inoculated with M. pulcherrima contained the highest signal intensities of ethyl caproate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, hexyl ace
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising strategy for ammonia (NH3) production under ambient conditions. However, it is severely impeded by the challenging activation of the ...NN bond and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which makes it crucial to design electrocatalysts rationally for efficient NRR. Herein, the rational design of bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles with different oxidation states embedded in carbon nanosheets (Bi@C) as efficient NRR electrocatalysts is reported. The NRR performance of Bi@C improves with the increase of Bi0/Bi3+ atomic ratios, indicating that the oxidation state of Bi plays a significant role in electrochemical ammonia synthesis. As a result, the Bi@C nanosheets annealed at 900 °C with the optimal oxidation state of Bi demonstrate the best NRR performance with a high NH3 yield rate and remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 15.10 ± 0.43% at −0.4 V versus RHE. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the effective modulation of the oxidation state of Bi can tune the p‐filling of active Bi sites and strengthen adsorption of *NNH, which boost the potential‐determining step and facilitate the electrocatalytic NRR under ambient conditions. This work may offer valuable insights into the rational material design by modulating oxidation states for efficient electrocatalysis.
An oxidation state modulation strategy is proposed to boost nitrogen reduction to ammonia. As a proof‐of‐concept, the surface oxidation of Bi species is tuned with the less occupied p orbital, which leads to stronger adsorption of *NNH and lower ΔG of the potential‐determining step. By optimizing Bi surface oxidation, superior nitrogen reduction reaction performance of Faradaic efficiency of 15.10 ± 0.43% is achieved.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Apigenin is a kind of natural flavonoid that abundantly exists in fruits and vegetables. Pyroptosis is a new, pro-inflammatory type of programmed necrosis cell death, and the NOD-like receptor family ...pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the key molecule to induce pyroptosis. Excessive hepatic pyroptosis results in liver injury. In the study, we found for the first time that apigenin could alleviate palmitic acid (PA)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatic cells. Meanwhile, apigenin could promote the autophagy of hepatocytes. When the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) was added, the data showed that the recovery effect of apigenin on PA-induced pyroptosis was weakened, indicating that apigenin could alleviate PA-induced pyroptosis by activating autophagy. Further mechanistic studies showed that apigenin regulated the NLRP3 inflammasome through two ways, so as to alleviate PA-induced pyroptosis. On the one hand, apigenin eliminated damaged mitochondria by activating autophagy, thereby clearing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and on the other hand, activation of autophagy could directly degrade the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our study provides a new idea and target for the use of functional factors in food to alleviate liver injury.
Apigenin inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by activating autophagy, so as to alleviate the pyroptosis of hepatocytes induced by PA.
Exploring anode materials with excellent rate performance and high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) is crucial for lithium/sodium-ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs). However, it is still very challenging to ...achieve this goal in a cost-effective way, particularly for SIBs. Herein, graphite oxide, was treated in ammonia atmosphere for a balance between the oxygen- and nitrogen-contained functional groups and yielded nitrogen-doped expanded graphite oxide (NEGO). Electrochemical characterizations were systematically carried out in ether and ester-based electrolytes to shed light on the storage mechanism of NEGO in SIBs. The ICE of NEGO employed in ether-based electrolyte improves to 72.08% from that in ester-based electrolyte (24.73%). Moreover, the as-synthesized NEGO exhibits ∼125 mA h g −1 and ∼110 mA h g −1 capacities in ether and ester-based electrolytes, respectively, even under a record high current density (30 A g −1 ). Expanded surface area and nitrogen doping significantly increase the active sites and decrease the electrical resistivity from 140 Ω (EGO) to 40 Ω (NEGO) by removing excess oxygen. Moreover, small amounts of residual oxygen, particularly quinone and carboxyl, along with nitrogen occupied sites offer additional pseudocapacitance. Considering the advantages in scale-up and cost-effective production, NEGO is a promising low-cost anode material for SIBs. This study also provides strategies for the design of electrolyte for SIBs to realize practical applications in power-grid energy storage.
Exploring anode materials with excellent rate performance and high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) is crucial for lithium/sodium-ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs). However, it is still very challenging to ...achieve this goal in a cost-effective way, particularly for SIBs. Herein, graphite oxide, was treated in ammonia atmosphere for a balance between the oxygen- and nitrogen-contained functional groups and yielded nitrogen-doped expanded graphite oxide (NEGO). Electrochemical characterizations were systematically carried out in ether and ester-based electrolytes to shed light on the storage mechanism of NEGO in SIBs. The ICE of NEGO employed in ether-based electrolyte improves to 72.08% from that in ester-based electrolyte (24.73%). Moreover, the as-synthesized NEGO exhibits ∼125 mA h g
−1
and ∼110 mA h g
−1
capacities in ether and ester-based electrolytes, respectively, even under a record high current density (30 A g
−1
). Expanded surface area and nitrogen doping significantly increase the active sites and decrease the electrical resistivity from 140 Ω (EGO) to 40 Ω (NEGO) by removing excess oxygen. Moreover, small amounts of residual oxygen, particularly quinone and carboxyl, along with nitrogen occupied sites offer additional pseudocapacitance. Considering the advantages in scale-up and cost-effective production, NEGO is a promising low-cost anode material for SIBs. This study also provides strategies for the design of electrolyte for SIBs to realize practical applications in power-grid energy storage.
Nitrogen-doped graphite oxide can serve as anode material for Na-ion battery with high initial coulombic efficiency and excellent rate properties.
Model validation is a process of determining the degree to which a model is an accurate representation of the real world from the perspective of the intended uses of the model. In reliability based ...design, the intended use of the model is to identify an optimal design with the minimum cost function while satisfying all reliability constraints. It is pivotal that computational models should be validated before conducting the reliability based design. This paper presents an ensemble approach for model bias prediction in order to correct predictions of computational models. The basic idea is to first characterize the model bias of computational models, then correct the model prediction by adding the characterized model bias. The ensemble approach is composed of two prediction mechanisms: 1) response surface of model bias, and 2) Copula modeling of a series of relationships between design variables and the model bias, between model prediction and the model bias. Advantages of both mechanisms are utilized with an accuracy based weighting approach. A vehicle design of front impact example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
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Up Biological Aerated Filter(UBAF) was used for the advanced wastewater treatment. The average removal rate of CODCr, BOD5, SS, NH4(+)-N and turbidity was 22.2%, 55%, 84.4%, 49%, 75.6% respectively. ...The hydraulic and COD load of influent influenced directly the quality of effluent.
In this paper, a parameter adaptation-based ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with the global optimization ability, fuzzy system with the ...fuzzy reasoning ability and 3-Opt algorithm with local search ability, namely PF3SACO is proposed to improve the optimization ability and convergence, avoid to fall into local optimum. In the PF3SACO, a new dynamic parameter adjustment mechanism by the PSO and the fuzzy system is designed to adaptively adjust the pheromone importance factor α, pheromone volatilization coefficient ρ and the heuristic function importance factor β to accelerate the convergence, improve the search ability, enhance the local search ability and avoid premature. This is achievable by parameter adaptation to reflect the dynamic search characteristic by exploring and exploiting in the search process for the parameter values to be close to the optimal values. In addition, 3-Opt algorithm is applied to optimize the generated path to eliminate the cross path, obtain the optimal path and avoid to fall into local optimum. The optimization performance of the PF3SACO is investigated on fifteen travelling salesman problems (TSPs) with the scales from 42 to 783 cities. The experiment results show that the PF3SACO has better optimization performance by comparing with ABC, NACO, HYBRID, ACO-3Opt, PACO-3Opt, PSO-ACO-3Opt and some other well-known algorithms in most TSP in term of the solution quality, robustness and space distribution. It provides a reference to solve the large-scale TSP for obtaining better path length.
•A novel parameter adaptation-based ACO algorithm based on dynamic hybrid mechanism, namely PF3SACO is developed to improve the optimization ability and convergence speed.•A dynamic parameter adjustment mechanism by the PSO and the fuzzy system is designed to adaptively adjust the parameters of the PF3SACO.•The obtained generation path is optimized by the 3-opt with local search ability to eliminate the cross path, obtain the optimal tour path and avoid to fall into local optimum.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
To acquire solid knowledge on the coupled effects of superplasticizers and glazed hollow beads (GHB) on the fluidity of backfill materials, the impact of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ...ash content, superplasticizer type and content, GHB content and solid concentration were studied. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy and methods for determining total organic carbon (TOC) were used to study the mechanism of action of superplasticizers. The TOC test results indicated that the adsorption between naphthalene sulfonate (NS) and MSWI fly ash was the weakest. After adding NS, the morphology of ettringite changed from slender acicular to short columnar. NS has the best effect on improving fluidity. Adding 0.5% NS and 6% GHB increased the solid concentration by 4%, and the compressive strength increased by 55%. The synergistic action of NS and GHB can significantly improve the fluidity, improve the engineering efficiency and reduce the backfill cost.
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•Naphthalene sulfonate (NS) exhibits much lower sorption on MSWI fly ash.•0.5% NS+ 6% glazed hollow beads show the best fluidity of CPB.•NS can make the ettringite morphology from slender acicular to short columnar.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
