The Keap1‐Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway is an important defense system against exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress injury. The dysregulation of the signaling pathway is associated with many ...diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and respiratory diseases. Over the years, a wide range of natural products has provided sufficient resources for the discovery of potential therapeutic drugs. Among them, polyphenols possess Nrf2 activation, not only inhibit the production of ROS, inhibit Keap1‐Nrf2 protein–protein interaction, but also degrade Keap1 and regulate the Nrf2 related pathway. In fact, with the continuous improvement of natural polyphenols separation and purification technology and further studies on the Keap1‐Nrf2 molecular mechanism, more and more natural polyphenols monomer components of Nrf2 activators have been gradually discovered. In this view, we summarize the research status of natural polyphenols that have been found with apparent Nrf2 activation and their action modes. On the whole, this review may guide the design of novel Keap1‐Nrf2 activator.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Efficient reduction of graphene oxide to obtain high-quality graphene nanosheets is desirable for energy storage, catalysis, electronics and environmental remediation. In this brief review, we mainly ...focus on the microwave-assisted production of reduced graphene oxide in three categories: (1) microwave-assisted chemical reduction of graphene oxide; (2) microwave-assisted thermal reduction of graphene oxide; (3) microwave-assisted simultaneous thermal exfoliation & thermal reduction of graphite oxide. We also summarize common techniques for characterizing reduction efficiency and quality of as-obtained rGO.
This article explores intercultural contact as a pathway for the development of intercultural communicative competence (ICC) among EFL undergraduates in China during the post-pandemic era. Adopting ...an exploratory qualitative design with self-reports and focus group interviews as instruments, the challenges faced by EFL undergraduates in intercultural communication and intercultural contact pathways for ICC development were elicited with thematic analysis via NVivo. The challenges that EFL undergraduates encounter in intercultural communication are scant English proficiency, insufficient intercultural experience, and limited intercultural practise. Direct, indirect, self-engaged, and external contact have been extracted as pathways for the development of ICC among EFL undergraduates. This study provides theoretical and empirical evidence to help researchers understand intercultural contact as a way to develop the ICC of EFL undergraduates in China. The findings of this study shed light on the development of ICC in EFL learning and authentic intercultural contexts, offering lecturers and curriculum designers reference points for constructing criteria and syllabi for intercultural English teaching.
Metal vanadium phosphates (MVP), particularly Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVP) and Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP), are regarded as the next-generation cathode materials in lithium/sodium ion batteries. These materials possess ...desirable properties such as high stability, theoretical capacity, and operating voltages. Yet, low electrical/ionic conductivities of LVP and NVP have limited their applications in demanding devices such as electric vehicles. In this work, a novel synthesis route for the preparation of LVP/NVP micro/mesoporous 3D foams via assembly of elastin-like polypeptides is demonstrated. The as-synthesized MVP 3D foams consist of microporous networks of mesoporous nanofibers, where the surfaces of individual fibers are covered with MVP nanocrystallites. TEM images further reveal that LVP/NVP nanoparticles are about 100–200 nm in diameter, with each particle enveloped by a 5 nm thick carbon shell. The MVP 3D foams prepared in this work exhibit ultrafast rate capabilities (79 mA h g–1 at 100C and 66 mA h g–1 at 200C for LVP 3D foams; 73 mA h g–1 at 100C and 51 mA h g–1 at 200C for NVP 3D foams) and excellent cycle performance (almost 100% performance retention after 1000 cycles at 100C); their properties are far superior compared to current state-of-the-art active materials.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a class of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which is involved in many physiological processes ...including visual transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, cell-cycle regulation, gene expression, inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolic function. PDEs are composed of 11 different families and each family contains different subtypes. The distribution, expression, regulation mode and sensitivity to inhibitors of each subtype are different, and they are involved in cancer, inflammation, asthma, depression, erectile dysfunction and other pathological processes of development. A large number of studies have shown that PDEs play an important role in the development of tumors by affecting the intracellular level of cAMP and/or cGMP and PDEs could become diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets. This review will give a brief overview of the expression and regulation of PDE families in the process of tumorigenesis and their anti-tumor inhibitors, which may guide the design of novel therapeutic drugs targeting PDEs for anticancer agent.
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•PDEs are composed of 11 different families and have different distribution, expression and regulation mode.•The PDEs are closely related to various cancer pathologies.•PDE inhibitors may be effective agents for treating cancer.•The structure-activity relationships of PDE inhibitors may guide the design of novel anti-tumor drugs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Biomass-derived carbon materials (B-d-CMs) are considered as a group of very promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage (EES) by virtue of their naturally diverse and intricate ...microarchitectures, extensive and low-cost source, environmental friendliness, and feasibility to be produced in a large scale. However, the practical application of raw B-d-CMs in EES is limited by their relatively rare storage sites and low diffusion kinetics. In recent years, various strategies from structural design to material composite manipulation have been explored to overcome these problems. In this review, a controllable design of B-d-CM structures boosting their storage sites and diffusion kinetics for EES devices including SIBs, Li-S batteries, and supercapacitors is systematically summarized from the aspects of effects of pseudographic structure, hierarchical pore structure, surface functional groups, and heteroatom doping of B-d-CMs, as well as the composite structure of B-d-CMs, aiming to provide guidance for further rational design of the B-d-CMs for high-performance EES devices. Besides, the contemporary challenges and perspectives on B-d-CMs and their composites are also proposed for further practical application of B-d-CMs for EES devices.
In terms of word order problem for sentences, this paper proposes a Jaccard similarity algorithm based on word embedding and position encoding. Firstly, the word vector model is used to map each word ...into a high-dimensional semantic vector, and then the similarity of each word vector is calculated by combining the word position encoding. Finally, the final similarity between sentences is calculated by Jaccard algorithm. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional Jaccard algorithm and Jaccard text similarity algorithm based on word embedding, the proposed method effectively improves the similarity accuracy and has good discriminating ability for word order.
In this paper, we study the energy equality for weak solutions to the compressible Navier–Stokes–Korteweg equations with general pressure law in a bounded domain Ω⊂Rd (d=2,3). By exploring the ...special structure of the nonlinear terms, and using coarea formula, we formulate the sufficient conditions for the regularity of weak solutions to ensure that energy equality holds.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
As one of the most frequently used explosives, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) can cause persistent pollution in the environment, leading to the potential ecological threat crossing the ...generations. In this study, we employed Caenorhabditis elegans to explore the toxic effects of RDX on the parental and offspring worms and the involved signaling pathways. Exposure up to 1000 ng/mL of RDX produced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, germ cell apoptosis, and decrease in eggs laid. Various mutants were used to demonstrate the RDX-induced apoptosis signaling pathway, and the metabolism of RDX in the nematodes was found related to cytochrome P450 and GST through RNA sequencing. Exposure of parental worms to RDX produced significant reproductive toxicity in F1 and F2, but was recovered in F3 and F4. The transgenerational effects were associated with the decreased expression of met-2, spr-5, and set-2. Our findings revealed the signaling pathways related to the reproductive toxicity caused by RDX in C. elegans and their future generations, which provided the basis for further exploration of the ecological risks of energetic compounds in the environment.
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•RDX induces germline apoptosis and DNA damage in C. elegans.•Metabolism of RDX is related to cytochrome P450 and GST.•RDX causes transgenerational reproductive toxicity in C. elegans.•Transgenerational toxicity is influenced by methylation regulation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Ultrafine NiCo2O4 nanoparticles (approximately 6–10 nm in size) dispersed uniformly along the walls of CNTs were obtained by microwave heating. The composites material exhibited good electrochemical ...performance with encouraging specific capacities (1025 mAh g−1 and 792 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and 1000 mA g−1 respectively) and capacity retention after 100 cycles (83% at 200 mA g−1).
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•NiCo2O4@CNTs composites were synthesized via a microwave-assisted method.•Two morphologies of NCO were obtained in the system with or without CNTs.•The as-synthesized NiCo2O4@CNTs presented 1D configuration of CNTs.•The composites exhibited more excellent performance than that of counterparts.
The paper reports a microwave assisted rapid synthesis of NiCo2O4@CNTs composite for the first time. Ultrafine NiCo2O4 nanoparticles approximately 6–10 nm in size dispersed uniformly along the CNTs walls are obtained. Interestingly, nanosheets structure is formed in the absence of CNTs. The distinctive morphology difference is attributed to the different nucleating and growing mechanisms. Due to the small NiCo2O4 nanoparticle size derived from microwave enabled fast synthesis and the unique 1D nanostructure, the NiCo2O4@CNTs composites materials exhibit more excellent lithium storage performance than that of counterparts.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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