The lack of new drugs and resistance to existing drugs are serious problems in gastric cancer(GC) treatment. The research found polyphenols possess anti-Helicobacter pylori(Hp) and antitumor ...activities and may be used in the research and development of drugs for cancer prevention and treatment. However, polyphenols are affected by their chemical structures and physical properties, which leads to relatively low bioavailability and bioactivity in vivo. The intestinal flora can improve the absorption, utilization, and biological activity of polyphenols, whereas polyphenol compounds can increase the richness of the intestinal flora, reduce the activity of carcinogenic bacteria, stabilize the proportion of core flora, and maintain homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. Our review summarizes the gastrointestinal flora-mediated mechanisms of polyphenol against GC.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Intestinal microbiota are able to influence tumor initiation, progression, as well as therapy through local or systemic inflammation. Currently, the role of intestinal microbiota in cancer treatment ...is becoming increasingly significant, and investigators have found that intestinal microbiota affect the responsiveness of solid tumor to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, but the mechanisms responsible for inter-individual differences in immune responses are unclear. Some scholars believe that gut microbiota may play a potential regulatory role in it, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, lactobacillus and bifidobacterium can regulate the function of tumor cells and immune cells, and promote the production of a variety of cytokines, thereby improving the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, in this paper, the effects of gut microbiota on tumor cells and immune cells, as well as the current status of research on gut microbiota and immune checkpoint inhibitors are described.
Gastric cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive system worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health. A growing number of studies have demonstrated the important role that ...lipid droplets play in promoting cancer progression. However, few studies have systematically evaluated the role of lipid droplet metabolism-related genes (LDMRGs) in patients with gastric cancer.
We identified two distinct molecular subtypes in the TCGA-STAD cohort based on LDMRGs expression. We then constructed risk prediction scoring models in the TCGA-STAD cohort by lasso regression analysis and validated the model with the GSE15459 and GSE66229 cohorts. Moreover, we constructed a nomogram prediction model by cox regression analysis and evaluated the predictive efficacy of the model by various methods in STAD. Finally, we identified the key gene in LDMRGs, ABCA1, and performed a systematic multi-omics analysis in gastric cancer.
Two molecular subtypes were identified based on LDMRGs expression with different survival prognosis and immune infiltration levels. lasso regression models were effective in predicting overall survival (OS) of gastric cancer patients at 1, 3 and 5 years and were validated in the GEO database with consistent results. The nomogram prediction model incorporated additional clinical factors and prognostic molecules to improve the prognostic predictive value of the current TNM staging system. ABCA1 was identified as a key gene in LDMRGs and multi-omics analysis showed a strong correlation between ABCA1 and the prognosis and immune status of patients with gastric cancer.
This study reveals the characteristics and possible underlying mechanisms of LDMRGs in gastric cancer, contributing to the identification of new prognostic biomarkers and providing a basis for future research.
Objectives
The advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) patients (stage III/IV) with surgery may have inconsistent prognoses due to different demographic and clinicopathological factors. In this ...retrospective study, we developed clinical prediction models for estimating the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in advanced GAC patients with surgery
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The total population from 2004 to 2015 was divided into four levels according to age, of which 179 were younger than 45 years old, 695 were 45-59 years old, 1064 were 60-74 years old, and 708 were older than 75 years old. There were 1,712 men and 934 women. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for OS and CSS. Nomograms were constructed to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS. The models’ calibration and discrimination efficiency were validated. Discrimination and accuracy were evaluated using the consistency index, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and calibration plots; and clinical usefulness was assessed using decision curve analysis. Cross-validation was also conducted to evaluate the accuracy and stability of the models. Prognostic factors identified by Cox regression were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
Results
A total of 2,646 patients were included in our OS study. Age, primary site, differentiation grade, AJCC 6
th
_TNM stage, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and number of regional nodes examined were identified as prognostic factors for OS in advanced GAC patients with surgery (
P
< 0.05). A total of 2,369 patients were included in our CSS study. Age, primary site, differentiation grade, AJCC 6
th
_TNM stage, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and number of regional nodes examined were identified as risk factors for CSS in these patients (
P
< 0.05). These factors were used to construct the nomogram to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS of advanced GAC patients with surgery. The consistency index and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that the models effectively differentiated between events and nonevents. The calibration plots for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS probability showed good consistence between the predicted and the actual events. The decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram had higher clinical predictive value and more significant net gain than AJCC 6
th
_TNM stage in predicting OS and CSS of advanced GAC patients with surgery. Cross-validation also revealed good accuracy and stability of the models.
Conclusion
The developed predictive models provided available prognostic estimates for advanced GAC patients with surgery. Our findings suggested that both OS and CSS can benefit from chemotherapy or radiotherapy in these patients.
High pretreatment levels of plasma fibrinogen have been widely reported to be a potential predictor of prognosis in digestive system tumors; however, the conclusions are not consistent. Therefore, we ...performed a meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the prognostic roles of high pretreatment plasma fibrinogen levels in digestive system tumors. We searched for eligible studies in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science electronic databases for publications from the database inception to 1 September 2017. The endpoints of interest included overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival. We investigated the relationship between fibrinogenemia and overall survival in colorectal cancer (10 studies), gastric cancer (6), pancreatic cancer (6), hepatocellular carcinoma (7), and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (10); the pooled results indicated that fibrinogenemia was significantly related to a worse overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) 1.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52, 1.97; P <0.001; HR 1.71; 95% CI 1.28, 2.28; P <0.001; HR 1.57; 95% CI 1.13, 2.17; P = 0.007; HR 1.89; 95% CI 1.57, 2.27; P <0.001, and HR 1.67; 95% CI 1.35, 2.07; P <0.001). Taken together, an increased pretreatment plasma fibrinogen level was related to worse survival in digestive system tumors, indicating that it could be a useful prognostic marker in these types of tumors.
Background and Objectives: Peptic ulcer disease is a common digestive system disease. However, whether peptic ulcer disease and obesity are related is unclear. We assessed the associations of obesity ...and metabolic status with peptic ulcer disease. Methods and Study Design: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 3561 individuals from the Wuwei cohort. We evaluated the associations of general and abdominal adiposity, as defined by different anthropometric indices, with peptic ulcer disease. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined through binary logistic regression. Results: The odds ratio for peptic ulcer disease was 2.37 (1.46-3.84) for women with obesity, compared with the normal group. The association remained significant in Models 2 and 3, with odds ratios of 2.23 (1.35-3.69) and 2.03 (1.19-3.49), respectively. In Model 1, women with obesity had an odds ratio for duodenal ulcer of 2.76 (1.41-5.42) compared with the control group; this result remained significant in Models 2 and 3, with odds ratios of 2.52 (1.24-5.13) and 2.44 (1.13-5.28), respectively. In Model 1, women with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity had odds ratios for peptic ulcer disease of 2.26 (1.19- 4.28) and 2.15 (1.12-4.15), respectively, compared with the control group. After adjustments for major covariates and H. pylori status, these respective odds ratios became 2.27 (1.20-4.30) and 2.17 (1.12-4.20) in Model 2 and 2.2 (1.15-4.20) and 2.16 (1.11-4.19) in Model 3. Conclusions: General adiposity defined by body mass index is associated with peptic ulcer disease in women.
Metal selenides have drawn significant attention as promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) owing to their high electronic conductivity and reversible capacity. Herein, hexagonal ...FeNi
2
Se
4
@C nanoflakes were synthesized
via
a facile one-step hydrothermal method. They deliver a reversible capacity of 480.7 mA·h/g at 500 mA/g and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 87.8 %. Furthermore, a discharge capacity of 444.8 mA·h/g can be achieved at 1000 mA/g after 180 cycles. The sodium storage mechanism of FeNi
2
Se
4
@C is uncovered. In the discharge process, Fe and Ni nanoparticles are generated and distributed in Na
2
Se matrix homogeneously. In the charge process, FeNi
2
Se
4
phase is formed reversibly. The reversible phase conversion of FeNi
2
Se
4
@C during cycling is responsible for the excellent electrochemical performance and enables FeNi
2
Se
4
@C nanoflakes promising anode materials for SIBs.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The metastasis of malignant tumors determines patient prognosis. This is the main reason for the poor prognosis of patients with cancer and the most challenging aspect of treating malignant tumors. ...Therefore, it is important to identify early tumor markers and molecules that can predict patient prognosis. However, there are currently no molecular markers with good clinical accuracy and specificity. Many non-coding RNA (ncRNAs)have been identified, which can regulate the process of tumor development at multiple levels. Interestingly, some ncRNAs are translated to produce functional peptides. Exosomes act as signal carriers, are encapsulated in nucleic acids and proteins, and play a messenger role in cell-to-cell communication. Recent studies have identified exosome peptides with potential diagnostic roles. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for ncRNA-encoded peptides or proteins transported by exosomes and ultimately to provide ideas for further development of new diagnostic and prognostic cancer markers.
Observational studies have previously demonstrated a significant relationship among both metabolic syndrome (Mets) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether there is a causal link remains controversial.
...To clarify whether Mets and their components have a causal effect on colorectal cancer, we have carried out a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis (MR).
This study started from genome-wide association data for Mets and its 5 components (hypertension, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides, and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and colorectal cancer. Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques were used in the study to examine their associations.
After Benjamini-Hochberg multiple corrections, genetically predicted significant causal link exists between WC (waist circumference) and CRC. The OR was 1.35 (95 % CI: 1.08–1.69; p = 0.0096). Other Mets components (HBP, FBG, TG, HDL), on the other hand, found no evidence of a genetic link between CRC and Mets. In addition, MR results showed that CRC was not causally related to either Mets or the components. We get the same result in the validated dataset.
According to the bidirectional MR investigation shows a significant causal relationship among obesity and CRC in the Mets component but no causal relationship in the opposite direction.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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