Although the effect of the digital economy in promoting high-quality economic development is increasing day by day, research analysing this mechanism from the spatial perspective is very scarce. This ...study measures the level of the digital economy and high-quality economic development based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2013 to 2020. On this basis, the direct, spillover, and mediating effects of the digital economy and scientific and technological innovation on high-quality economic development are further analysed through the spatial Durbin model and mediating effect model. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the digital economy, scientific and technological innovation, and high-quality economic development all show significant spatial correlation; (2) the digital economy can directly drive high-quality economic development, the spillover effect of which is obvious; and (3) the mechanism analysis based on the spatial perspective shows that the mediating effect of scientific and technological innovation is significant. The conclusions still hold after robustness tests based on the use of lagged variables, replacement of the weight matrices, and changing of the measurement methods. This study provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for promoting the digital economy and high-quality economic development.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The extensive research of graphene and its derivatives in biomedical applications during the past few years has witnessed its significance in the field of nanomedicine. Starting from simple drug ...delivery systems, the application of graphene and its derivatives has been extended to a versatile platform of multiple therapeutic modalities, including photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, magnetic hyperthermia therapy, and sonodynamic therapy. In addition to monotherapy, graphene‐based materials are widely applied in combined therapies for enhanced anticancer activity and reduced side effects. In particular, graphene‐based materials are often designed and fabricated as “smart” platforms for stimuli‐responsive nanocarriers, whose therapeutic effects can be activated by the tumor microenvironment, such as acidic pH and elevated glutathione (termed as “endogenous stimuli”), or light, magnetic, or ultrasonic stimuli (termed as “exogenous stimuli”). Herein, the recent advances of smart graphene platforms for combined therapy applications are presented, starting with the principle for the design of graphene‐based smart platforms in combined therapy applications. Next, recent advances of combined therapies contributed by graphene‐based materials, including chemotherapy‐based, photothermal‐therapy‐based, and ultrasound‐therapy‐based synergistic therapy, are outlined. In addition, current challenges and future prospects regarding this promising field are discussed.
The recent advances of smart graphene platforms for combined therapy applications are reviewed, starting with the principle for the design of graphene‐based smart platforms in combined therapy applications. Recent advances of synergistic therapies contributed by graphene‐based materials are outlined and current challenges and future prospects regarding this promising field are discussed.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The diagnosis of gastric cancer mainly relies on endoscopy, which is invasive and costly. The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model for the diagnosis of gastric cancer based on ...noninvasive characteristics.
To construct a predictive model for the diagnosis of gastric cancer with high accuracy based on noninvasive characteristics.
A retrospective study of 709 patients at Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital was conducted. Variables of age, gender, blood cell count, liver function, kidney function, blood lipids, tumor markers and pathological results were analyzed. We used gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), a type of machine learning method, to construct a predictive model for the diagnosis of gastric cancer and evaluate the accuracy of the model.
Of the 709 patients, 398 were diagnosed with gastric cancer; 311 were health people or diagnosed with benign gastric disease. Multivariate analysis showed that gender, age, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin, albumin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) were independent characteristics associated with gastric cancer. We constructed a predictive model using GBDT, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the model was 91%. For the test dataset, sensitivity was 87.0% and specificity 84.1% at the optimal threshold value of 0.56. The overall accuracy was 83.0%. Positive and negative predictive values were 83.0% and 87.8%, respectively.
We construct a predictive model to diagnose gastric cancer with high sensitivity and specificity. The model is noninvasive and may reduce the medical cost.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Four coordination polymers
∞
2
Ni(DMF)(L)Ln(bdc)
1.5
(Ln
=
La (
1
) and Nd (
4
)) and
∞
2
Ni
2
(DMF)
2
(L)
2
Ln
2
(bdc)
3
·CH
3
OH (Ln
=
Ce (
2
) and Pr (
3
)) were derived from a symmetrical ...salamo-based ligand (H
2
L) with Ni(OAc)
2
·4H
2
O, Ln(NO
3
)
3
·6H
2
O (Ln = La, Ce, Pr and Nd), and H
2
bdc (terephthalic acid). Coordination polymers
1
–
4
were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, X-ray single crystal diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy. Coordination polymers
1
–
4
have similar structures exhibiting two-dimensional coordination polymers with brick wall in which Ni(DMF)(L)Ln units were linked by exodentate (bdc)
2−
linker. In each unit, Ni(II) atoms adopted a slightly distorted octahedral geometry, the Ln(III) atoms were nine-coordinated, and the coordination polyhedron was a distorted tricapped trigonal prism. The crystal structure and supramolecular features were discussed in detail. At the same time, the fluorescent properties of coordination polymers
1
–
4
were also investigated.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
MicroRNAs have been implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes. We previously reported that aberrant microRNA‐124 (miR‐124)/non‐receptor–type protein phosphatase 1 (PTPN1) ...signaling plays an important role in the synaptic disorders associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we further investigated the potential role of miR‐124/PTPN1 in the tau pathology of AD. We first treated the mice with intra‐hippocampal stereotactic injections. Then, we used quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR) to detect the expression of microRNAs. Western blotting was used to measure the level of PTPN1, the level of tau protein, the phosphorylation of tau at AD‐related sites, and alterations in the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK‐3β) and protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A). Immunohistochemistry was also used to detect changes in tau phosphorylation levels at AD‐related sites and somadendritic aggregation. Soluble and insoluble tau protein was separated by 70% formic acid (FA) extraction to examine tau solubility. Finally, behavioral experiments (including the Morris water maze, fear conditioning, and elevated plus maze) were performed to examine learning and memory ability and emotion‐related behavior. We found that artificially replicating the abnormalities in miR‐124/PTPN1 signaling induced AD‐like tau pathology in the hippocampus of wild‐type mice, including hyperphosphorylation at multiple sites, insolubility and somadendritic aggregation, as well as learning/memory deficits. We also found that disruption of miR‐124/PTPN1 signaling was caused by the loss of RE1‐silencing transcription factor protein, which can be initiated by Aβ insults or oxidative stress, as observed in the brains of P301S mice. Correcting the deregulation of miR‐124/PTPN1 signaling rescued the tau pathology and learning/memory impairments in the P301S mice. We also found that miR‐124/PTPN1 abnormalities induced activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK‐3) and inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) by promoting tyrosine phosphorylation, implicating an imbalance in tau kinase/phosphatase. Thus, targeting the miR‐124/PTPN1 signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
Disruption of miRNA signals had been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously reported that aberrant miR‐124/PTPN1 signaling induces the synaptic disorders in AD. In this study, we further investigated the potential role of miR‐124/PTPN1 in the tau pathology of AD. We found that artificially replicated disturbance of miR‐124/PTPN1 results in the tau pathology while correcting this abnormality rescued the tau pathology and learning/memory impairments in the P301S mice. Our study extends the critical role of miR‐124/PTPN1 in the pathogenesis and provides the potential therapeutic target for AD.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Carbon monoxide (CO) therapy has emerged as a hot topic under exploration in the field of gas therapy as it shows the promise of treating various diseases. Due to the gaseous property and the high ...affinity for human hemoglobin, the main challenges of administrating medicinal CO are the lack of target selectivity as well as the toxic profile at relatively high concentrations. Although abundant CO releasing molecules (CORMs) with the capacity to deliver CO in biological systems have been developed, several disadvantages related to CORMs, including random diffusion, poor solubility, potential toxicity, and lack of on‐demand CO release in deep tissue, still confine their practical use. Recently, the advent of versatile nanomedicine has provided a promising chance for improving the properties of naked CORMs and simultaneously realizing the therapeutic applications of CO. This review presents a brief summarization of the emerging delivery strategies of CO based on nanomaterials for therapeutic application. First, an introduction covering the therapeutic roles of CO and several frequently used CORMs is provided. Then, recent advancements in the synthesis and application of versatile CO releasing nanomaterials are elaborated. Finally, the current challenges and future directions of these important delivery strategies are proposed.
This review covers the recent advancement of nanomaterial‐based strategies for CO delivery. It starts with a brief introduction of CO therapeutic roles and several typical CO‐releasing molecules. Next, recent advances in the synthesis and application of CO‐releasing nanomaterials are highlighted. Lastly, the current challenges and future directions of this promising field are proposed.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this paper, a salamo-based copper(
ii
) complex probe
L-Cu
2+
was synthesized, which combined with copper(
ii
) ions to form
L-Cu
2+
for the detection of S
2−
and had a good fluorescence chemical ...response. Through spectral analysis, we found that S
2−
could be identified with high sensitivity and selectivity in the presence of various anions and could be used for the detection of S
2−
by the naked eye. With the addition of S
2−
, the solution color changed from colorless to bright yellow. UV absorption, fluorescence and other characterization methods were carried out, and the mechanism of action was determined. In addition, we performed a visual inspection of H
2
S gas, and the probe
L-Cu
2+
could detect S
2−
in the gas molecules, revealing its potential application value in biology and medicine.
A highly sensitive and selective salamo-based copper(
ii
) complex probe,
L-Cu
2+
, was synthesized; it could be used for the detection of S
2−
by UV and fluorescence spectroscopies. And it also could detect S
2−
in gas molecules.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
Rhizosphere effect of nanoscale zero‐valent iron (nZVI) is crucial but little reported. Maize seeds were dressed with four nZVI concentrations (0, 1.0, 1.5, 2 g kg−1) and inoculated with arbuscular ...mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) (Funneliformis mosseae). The SEM images illuminated that excessive nZVI particles (2 g kg−1) were agglomerated on the surface of hyphae and spore, causing severe deformation and inactivation of AMF symbionts and thereafter inhibiting water uptake in maize seedlings. This restrained the scavenging effects of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase) and non‐enzymatic compounds (proline & malondialdehyde) on ROS, and leaf photoreduction activity and gas exchange ability (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the inoculation with AMF effectively alleviated above negative effects. In contrast, appropriate dose of nZVI, that is, ≤1.5 g kg−1, can be evenly distributed on the hyphae surface and form the ordered symbionts with AMF. This help massively to enhance hyphae growth and water and nutrient uptake. The enhanced mycorrhizal infection turned to promote rhizosphere symbiont activity and leaf Rubisco and Rubisco activase activity. Light compensation point was massively lowered, which increased photosynthetic carbon supply for AMF symbionts. Particularly, such priming effects were evidently enhanced by drought stress. Our findings provided a novel insight into functional role of nZVI in agriculture and AMF‐led green production.
Summary Statement
Proper dose of nZVI can form orderly rhizosphere symbiont with AMF, improve the Rubisco and Rubisco activity for higher assimilation rate, and promote carbon supply for AMF colonization. Yet, excessive nZVI turned to cause severe structural deformation and inactivation of AMF symbionts.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
•Two multi-nuclear Ni(II)-based complexes have been successfully prepared by the complexation of more flexible salamo-type ligand (H2L) with nickel salts of different anions.•The structure of ...tetra-nuclear complex 2 is particularly unique because the flexibility of the ligand is better, which creates conditions for the intramolecular self-assembly.
Two new tri- and tetra-nuclear Ni(II)-based complexes, {NiL(EtOH)(μ-OAc)}2Ni·4EtOH (1) and Ni4L2(μ3-OMe)4(MeOH)4 (2), supported by a more flexible salamo-type ligand H2L containing coumarin functional groups have been synthesized. Complex 1 is tri-nuclear, including three Ni(II) atoms with hexa-coordinated octahedral geometries. X-ray single-crystal structure analysis revealed that complex 2 is a novel tetra-nuclear structure previously unreported, and the geometry of four Ni(II) atoms with hexa-coordinate can be regarded as octahedron. Interestingly, due to the improvement of the flexibility of salamo-type ligand H2L, complex 2 is obtained by the form of intramolecular self-assembly. Moreover, the fluorescence properties of H2L and its Ni(II)-based complexes were studied. Subsequently, the supramolecular structure, Hirshfeld surfaces analyses and DFT calculations of the two Ni(II)-based complexes have been performed.
Display omitted Two new tri- and tetra-nuclear Ni(II)-based complexes, {NiL(EtOH)(μ-OAc)}2Ni·4EtOH (1) and Ni4L2(μ3-OMe)4(MeOH)4 (2), supported by a more flexible salamo-type ligand H2L containing coumarin functional groups have been synthesized and characterized structurally. Interestingly, complex 2 is a novel tetra-nuclear structure previously unreported. The fluorescence properties, Hirshfeld surfaces analyses and DFT calculations of H2L and its Ni(II)-based complexes were studied.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Vacancy defects in the porous ZnO nanoplates facilitate separation of charge carriers, and are in favor of adsorption and activation of CO2, resulting in greatly enhanced photocatalytic activity.
...Display omitted
•Porous ZnO nanoplates with VO defects are prepared by annealing precursor in air.•Amount of vacancy defects in ZnO can be tailored by changing heating temperature.•Different amount of defects lead to different performance for CO2 photoreduction.•VO defect can facilitate the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes.•VO defect is in favor of the adsorption and activation of CO2 on ZnO surface.
Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into hydrocarbons by utilization of the solar energy is considered a promising approach to mitigate energy crisis and the environmental issues. Since the defects in a catalyst play an important role in CO2 reduction, herein, the porous ZnO nanoplates with vacancy defects are synthesized by annealing ZnS(en)0.5 precursor in air at different temperature. The defect amount in ZnO changes with the annealing temperature, resulting in different photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction. The related mechanism has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Raman spectra and chemical composition of the obtained catalysts are used to determine the defects. Transient techniques are used to investigate the separation of photogenerated charge carriers. CO2 adsorption capacity for different catalysts is also measured. First-principles calculation is used to study the adsorption and activation of CO2 on the ZnO surface. We envision that this work may afford an efficient approach to develop the semiconductor photocatalysts with superior activity via defects engineering.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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