BackgroundMetabolically healthy obese phenotype (MHO) refers to obese individuals with absence of metabolic abnormalities such as dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. Many studies ...reported the long-term prognosis of MHO on diseases and mortality with inconsistent results.MethodsWe performed a meta-analysis to assess the risks of cardiovascular (CV) events and all-cause mortality for MHO individuals. Original prospective observational studies were searched in Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane library up to 30 September 2015. In this meta-analysis, the relative risk (RR) calculated on the basis of the incident number of disease events and deaths in participants and the corresponding multivariable-adjusted HR were both extracted to calculate pooled risk estimates. A random-effects model was used if there was heterogeneity among studies; otherwise, the fixed-effects model was used.Results22 prospective studies, involving 584 799 participants, were archived in the analyses. With metabolically healthy normal weight as the reference, the MHO phenotype was associated with a higher risk of CV events (RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.77; HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.84). However, MHO individuals were not associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR 1.18, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.66; HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.25).ConclusionsThe meta-analysis confirms a positive association between a metabolically healthy obese phenotype and the risk of CV events. However, higher risk for all-cause mortality is not evident in metabolically healthy obese individuals.
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BFBNIB, CMK, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
In a retrospective study of 39 COVID-19 patients and 32 control participants in China, we collected clinical data and examined the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules by ...enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Serum levels of fractalkine, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) were elevated in patients with mild disease, dramatically elevated in severe cases, and decreased in the convalescence phase. We conclude the increased expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules is related to COVID-19 disease severity and may contribute to coagulation dysfunction.
•Dithiouracil was introduced as a chalcopyrite depressant.•Use of dithiouracil efficiently separates molybdenite from chalcopyrite during flotation.•Dithiouracil depresses floatability of ...chalcopyrite more than that of molybdenite.•Dithiouracil was chemisorbed on chalcopyrite surface to form a Cu-dithiouracil complex.
In the present study, dithiouracil was employed as the chalcopyrite depressant to selectively change the properties of chalcopyrite surface and separate molybdenite from chalcopyrite. Micro-flotation experiments were carried out to investigate the separation efficiency of dithiouracil on the flotation separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite. Furthermore, the depression mechanism of dithiouracil was explored at molecular level via zeta potential measurements, fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analyses. The results showed that dithiouracil strongly depressed chalcopyrite flotation while had less impact on molybdenite flotation, and a satisfactory separation result was acquired by using dithiouracil. Zeta potential measurements and FTIR analyses illustrated that dithiouracil was chemisorbed on chalcopyrite surface. Furthermore, XPS and ToF-SIMS measurements confirmed that dithiouracil could react with Cu atoms on chalcopyrite surface through forming a four membered chelating ring. This paper indicated that dithiouracil can be employed as a high-performance chalcopyrite depressant for the Cu-Mo flotation separation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The purpose of this study is to provide industry practitioners with a better understanding of the impacts of high-temperature conditions on construction labor productivity. Such information could ...assist in the establishment of plans to prevent heat-stress injuries and help improve the safety and comfort of construction labor working environments. On-site WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) data and labor productivity data related to direct work time, indirect work time and idle time were measured for two construction projects involving 16 rebar workers in the summer of 2014 in Beijing, China. The period from 14:00 to 15:00 was identified as the most hazardous for workers throughout the day, and the period from 07:00 to 09:00 was identified as the least hazardous time. Productivity models were further used to analyze the collected data. The model results demonstrated that high-temperature environments decrease labor productivity, with the percentage of direct work time decreasing by 0.57% and the percentage of idle time increasing by 0.74% when the WBGT increased by 1 °C. Moreover, the percentage of direct work time increased by 0.33% when the workers' experience increased by 1 year and decreased by 0.72% when the workers' age increased by 1 year. Overall, the results demonstrated that high-temperature environments impose heat stress on the human body and decreases labor productivity in the construction industry.
•Impact of high-temperature on construction labor productivity was evaluated.•On-site WBGT and labor productivity data in two projects were collected.•14:00 to 15:00 time period was the most hazardous time for the laborers.•Direct work time decreased by 0.57% when WBGT increased by 1 °C.•Idle time increased by 0.74% when WBGT increased by 1 °C.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant disease of the endocrine system. Previous studies indicate a rapid increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer in recent decades, and this increase has ...aroused the great public concern. The aim of this study was to analyze the trends in incidence, mortality and clinical-pathological patterns of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang province.
Population-based incidence and mortality rates of thyroid cancer were collected from eight cancer registries in Zhejiang from 2000 to 2012. The incidence and mortality rates were age-standardized to Segi's world population. A Joinpoint model was used to examine secular trends in age-adjusted thyroid cancer rates with the Joinpoint Regression Program Version 4.0.0. Thyroid cancer patients were recruited from Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from 1972 to 2014. Patient demographics, tumor histology and tumor size were compared among the different periods of 1972-1985, 1986-1999 and 2000-2014.
The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang cancer registries was 2.75/10
in 2000, and increased to 19.42/10
in 2012. Additionally, we observed significantly increasing incidence rates with the Annual Percent Change (APC) of 22.86% (95%CI, 19.2%-26.7%). The age-standardized mortality of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang cancer registries was 0.23/10
in 2000 and 0.25/10
in 2012. No significant change in mortality rate was found. We observed a rapid increase in the proportions of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in 12,508 patients with thyroid carcinoma identified in the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from 1972 to 2014 while the proportions of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) decreased over the decades. In the PTC cases, the proportion of patients with maximum tumor diameter (MTD) < 1 cm dramatically and significantly increased from 0 in 1972-1985 to 32.1% in 2000-2014.
A rapid increase in incidence and a stable trend in mortality of thyroid cancer were found in the distribution of thyroid cancer. Most of the increased incidence was PTC, especially the papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with MTD < 1 cm. This increase in incidence might be due to increased diagnosis with advanced technology.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Construction project managers (CPMs) of contractors encounter a great deal of stress. The authors used job burnout as the core indicator of CPMs' chronic psychological stress. An occupation-oriented ...job burnout scale was developed based on MBI-GS. Then, a structural equation model was developed to investigate the cause and effect of job burnout among CPMs. The results show that CPMs suffer from a high level of job burnout, of which the major symptom is physical and mental fatigue. The highest level of job burnout occurs when CPMs reach their mid-forties, which highlighting their midlife professional crisis. Job stress significantly aggravates CPMs' job burnout, and rather than traditional project objective management, stakeholder relationship management is the main stressor. Direct and indirect mitigating effects on CPMs' job burnout are also obtained from the management system of construction companies. Additionally, job burnout ultimately causes poor health conditions among CPMs and increases their turnover intention.
•An occupation-oriented job burnout scale for CPM was developed based on MBI-GS.•The cause and effect of CPMs' job burnout was investigated based on JD-R Model.•CPMs suffer from a high level of job burnout especially in their mid-forties.•Stakeholder management is the main stressor leading to CPMs' job burnout.•Company management system can directly and indirectly mitigate CPMs' job burnout.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Biophilic design as a new design approach promotes the integration of natural elements into the built environment, leading to a significant impact on human health, well-being, and productivity. On ...the other hand, scholars have explored Virtual Environment (VE) to create virtual nature and provide a complex experience of exposure to natural elements virtually. However, there is a lack of understanding about such studies in general, which use VE as a reliable tool to support biophilic design. Thus, the authors conducted a literature review on the applications, capabilities, and limitations of VE for biophilic design. The literature review shows that VE is capable of supporting critical features of biophilic design studies such as representing combinations of biophilic patterns, providing multimodal sensory inputs, simulating stress induction tasks, supporting required exposure time to observe biophilic patterns, and measuring human’s biological responses to natural environment. However, factors affecting user’s experience of a virtual biophilic environment exist, such as VE experience dimensions, user-related factors, cybersickness, navigational issues, and possible limitations of VE sensory input. Overall, biophilic design studies in VEs are still limited. Nevertheless, there are many opportunities for further research in this field.
Wastewater emissions from textile factories cause serious environmental problems. Manganese peroxidase (MnP) is an oxidoreductase with ligninolytic activity and is a promising biocatalyst for the ...biodegradation of hazardous environmental contaminants, and especially for dye wastewater decolorization. This article first summarizes the origin, crystal structure, and catalytic cycle of MnP, and then reviews the recent literature on its application to dye wastewater decolorization. In addition, the application of new technologies such as enzyme immobilization and genetic engineering that could improve the stability, durability, adaptability, and operating costs of the enzyme are highlighted. Finally, we discuss and propose future strategies to improve the performance of MnP-assisted dye decolorization in industrial applications.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Tricin was recently discovered in lignin preparations from wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw and subsequently in all monocot samples examined. To provide proof that tricin is involved in lignification ...and establish the mechanism by which it incorporates into the lignin polymer, the 4ʹ-O-β-coupling products of tricin with the monolignols (p-coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohols) were synthesized along with the trimer that would result from its 4ʹ-O-β-couplingwith sinapyl alcohol and then coniferyl alcohol. Tricin was also found to cross couple with monolignols to form tricin-(4ʹ-O-β)-linked dimers in biomimetic oxidations using peroxidase/hydrogen peroxide or silver (I) oxide. Nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of gel permeation chromatography-fractionated acetylated maize (Zea mays) lignin revealed that the tricin moieties are found in even the highest molecular weight fractions, ether linked to lignin units, demonstrating that tricin is indeed incorporated into the lignin polymer. These findings suggest that tricin is fully compatible with lignification reactions, is an authentic lignin monomer, and, because it can only start a lignin chain, functions as a nucleation site for lignification in monocots. This initiation role helps resolve a long-standing dilemma that monocot lignin chains do not appear to be initiated by monolignol homodehydrodimerization as they are in dicots that have similar syringyl-guaiacyl compositions. The term flavonolignin is recommended for the racemic oligomers and polymers of monolignols that start from tricin (or incorporate other flavonoids) in the cell wall, in analogy with the existing term flavonolignan that is used for the low-molecular mass compounds composed of flavonoid and lignan moieties.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
In a multicenter, randomized trial, live-birth rates did not differ significantly according to fresh- or frozen-embryo transfer among ovulatory women with infertility. Frozen-embryo transfer resulted ...in a lower risk of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
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