New sowing system for variable rate of intra soil application of mineral fertilizers Zolotukhin,Е.A., The S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Univ., Astana (Kazakhstan); Lichman, G.I., All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Mechanization of Agriculture, Moscow (Russian Federation); Nukeshev, S.O., The S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Univ., Astana (Kazakhstan)
Agricultural Machinery and Technologies,
2015
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Существующие высевающие системы (ВС) машин для внесения минеральных удобрений не в полной мере обеспечивают качество их процесса: неравномерность внесения достигает 20-40% при требуемой 15%. Для ...обеспечения необходимого качества распределения минеральных удобрений по полю при дифференцированном внесении предложили ВС, оснащенную штифтовой катушкой оригинальной конструкции. Секундную подачу ВС регулировали с помощью исполнительного механизма с линейным актуатором и бесступенчатым редуктором, откорректированным для работы с блоком контроля и управления в соответствии с картой-заданием. Оценивали работоспособность разработанной ВС с приводом для изменения частоты вращения катушки, определяли функциональные зависимости между секундной подачей ВС и необходимым диапазоном изменения доз для качественного дифференцированного внесения удобрений. Исследования проводили как в лабораторных, так и в полевых условиях. Установили, что секундная подача ВС напрямую зависит от степени открытия актуатора и частоты вращения высевающей катушки. Минимальное время перехода с одной дозы на другую при 10%-ном открытии актуатора составляет 0,9 с. Установили, что у ВС с 3 экспериментальными катушечными аппаратами неравномерность высева между аппаратами составляет 4,5%, неустойчивость высева не превышает 3,0%. Максимальные значения неравномерности высева 3 катушечных высевающих аппаратов и неустойчивости высева между повторностями получены при открытии актуатора на 40% и частоте вращения 22 об./мин.
The existing sowing systems (SS) of machines for fertilizers application not fully provide quality of introduction of mineral fertilizers. Unevenness and instability of application reach 20-40% at demanded to 15%. The SS equipped with glow coil of original design was offered for ensuring necessary quality of mineral fertilizers distribution across the field at their differentiated application. The delivery rate of SS was regulated with the help of the executive mechanism with the linear actuator and a reducer modified for work with the block of control and management according to the prescription map. There was estimated the operability of desinged SS, driven for change of frequency of coil rotation; there were defined functional dependences between the delivery rate of SS and the necessary range of change of doses for the quality differentiated application of fertilizers. Researches were carried out both in laboratory and in field conditions. It has been established also that the delivery rate of SS directly depends on the degree of opening of the actuator and frequency of rotation of the sowing coil. The minimum time of transfer from one to other dose when 10% of the actuator is opened equals to 0.9 s. It has been established that the SS with 3 experimental coil devices have seeding unevenness of between the devices 4.5%. Instability of seeding does not exceed 3%. The maximum values of seeding unevenness between 3 sowing devices and seeding instability between replications are received when opening the actuator was 40%, and frequency of rotation was 22 rpm.
Mutants of human prothymosin α with impaired ability to inhibit yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. cerevisiae cell growth were characterized. Two types of prothymosin α-inactivating mutations were ...observed. Mutations that belong to the first type compromised the nuclear entry of prothymosin α by affecting its nuclear localization signal. Analysis of subcellular distribution of GFP-prothymosin α fusions revealed a bipartite nuclear localization signal that is both necessary and sufficient for nuclear import of the protein in human cells. Mutations of the second type abrogated the inhibitory action of prothymosin α through an unknown mechanism, without influencing the nuclear import of the protein.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
It is demonstrated, using the example of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based
n
-GaSb/
n
-GaIn-AsSb/
p
-GaAlAsSb heterostructures, that the formation of a curvilinear reflecting surface consisting of ...hemispherical etch pits on the rear side of an LED chip leads to an increase in the output radiation power by a factor of 1.9–2 in the entire wavelength interval studied (λ = 1.7–2.4 μm) as compared to the LED chip design with a continuous absorbing ohmic contact. This increase in the LED efficiency is related to a change in the directions of reflected light fluxes upon reflection from the hemispherical etch pits.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The article describes a unified approach to the assessment of resources and business planning. As an example, the paper considers oil and gas resources of the Pechora Sea. Based on the specifics of ...the problem (the quantity and quality of the available data and their nature), the methods of multicriteria fuzzy clusterization are used. The assessment of the prospects for the development of oil and gas fields was carried out using 3 criteria, namely: availability of resources (natural and climatic conditions of the region); hydrocarbon resources and their degree of exploration; economic assessment of the development. The results of such an analysis are presented in the form of maps of the Pechora Sea area, illustrating the most important and accessible areas and the sequence of their development. Such a stepwise development based on minimizing the risk and maximizing the benefits can be the basis for the successful and troublefree development of the resources of the entire region.
Contemporary systems are considered for pouring metal from a ladle using unified double-plate slide gates of the BTM series produced by OOO NPP Vulkan-TM and sets of refractories appropriate for ...them. Attention is drawn to the use of these systems in small metallurgical enterprises. Experience is considered of operating slide refractory plates of domestic and imported production. A method is proposed for manufacturing refractory components for slide gates by casting with subsequent vibration levelling. A device is considered for blowing metal in a ladle with inert gas, improving its quality.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The structure and properties of graphene, which is a two-dimensional layer of carbon atoms with a hexagonal crystal lattice, are considered. Graphene is a zero bandgap semiconductor with a ...nondissipative motion of Dirac electron-hole pairs, which provides a charge mobility of μ ∼ 10
5
cm
2
V
−1
s
−1
. Methods of their production are considered. It is shown that graphenes are the most promising materials for application as nanoelectromechanical transducers and ultracapacitors.
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The main ways of reducing expenditure for steel pouring are considered, i.e. import substitution and the optimum frequency of using plates for slide gates. Technical and economic analysis is provided ...for the use of refractory objects in steel-pouring systems produced by OOO NPP Vulkan-TM.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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