The combination of the high intensity proton beam facilities and massive detectors for precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters including the charge-parity violating (CPV) phase will ...open the door to help make beyond the standard model (BSM) physics reachable even in low energy regimes in the accelerator-based experiments. Large-mass detectors with highly precise tracking and energy measurements, excellent timing resolution, and low energy thresholds will enable the searches for BSM phenomena from cosmogenic origin, as well. Therefore, it is also conceivable that BSM topics in the next-generation neutrino experiments could be the dominant physics topics in the foreseeable future, as the precision of the neutrino oscillation parameter and CPV measurements continue to improve.This paper provides a review of the current landscape of BSM theory in neutrino experiments in two selected areas of the BSM topics-dark matter and neutrino related BSM-and summarizes the current results from existing neutrino experiments to set benchmarks for both theory and experiment. This paper then provides a review of upcoming neutrino experiments throughout the next 10 to 15 year time scale and their capabilities to set the foundation for potential reach in BSM physics in the two aforementioned themes. An important outcome of this paper is to ensure theoretical and simulation tools exist to carry out studies of these new areas of physics, from the first day of the experiments, such as Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment in the U.S. and Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment in Japan.
A search for heavy neutral leptons has been performed with the ArgoNeuT detector exposed to the NuMI neutrino beam at Fermilab. We search for the decay signature N → νμ+ μ−, considering decays ...occurring both inside ArgoNeuT and in the upstream cavern. In the data, corresponding to an exposure to 1.25 × 1020 POT , zero passing events are observed consistent with the expected background. This measurement leads to a new constraint at 90% confidence level on the mixing angle |UτN|2 of tau-coupled Dirac heavy neutral leptons with masses mN = 280–970 MeV, assuming |UeN|2 = |UμN|2 = 0.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Abstract
Baryon number conservation is not guaranteed by any fundamental symmetry within the standard model, and therefore has been a subject of experimental and theoretical scrutiny for decades. So ...far, no evidence for baryon number violation has been observed. Large underground detectors have long been used for both neutrino detection and searches for baryon number violating processes. The next generation of large neutrino detectors will seek to improve upon the limits set by past and current experiments and will cover a range of lifetimes predicted by several Grand Unified Theories. In this White Paper, we summarize theoretical motivations and experimental aspects of searches for baryon number violation in neutrino experiments.
Metformin has been known to promote cardiovascular benefits in humans and animal models, even in non-diabetic subjects. However, its chronic effects on hypertension-related autonomic dysfunction ...remain poorly understood. Therefore, we evaluate the cardiac autonomic effects of chronic metformin in hypertensive rats.
Twelve-week-old male SHR and Wistar rats were separated into 3 groups: WN (Wistar normotensive); SC (SHR hypertensive control); and SM (SHR: Metformin 300 mg/kg/day for 30 days). Spontaneous and induced (by phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside) baroreflexes were analysed in catheterised rats. Next, cardiac autonomic tone was evaluated through heart rate shift by atropine (parasympathetic) or atenolol (sympathetic). Plasma TNFα was assessed by ELISA. Western blot analyses of inflammatory, oxidant and antioxidant proteins were performed. Cardiac parasympathetic tone and baroreflex function were lower in SC than in WN, whereas cardiac sympathetic tone was higher. Metformin treatment in non-diabetic hypertensive rats reduced the resting heart rate, attenuated the cardiac sympathetic tone and improved baroreflex (especially in the offsetting of rising BP), while blood pressure and glycaemia remained unchanged. Cardiac sympathetic tone correlated negatively with spontaneous baroreflex. Metformin reduced plasma TNFα levels and decreased tissue expression of COX2 and NOX2 (which were positively correlated), without affecting SOD1 and SOD2.
Chronic metformin presented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and, independently of alterations in glycaemia, it improved cardiac autonomic parameters that are impaired in hypertension, being related to end-organ damage and mortality. These findings open up perspectives for future innovative uses of metformin in cardiovascular diseases, especially in hypertension.
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•Chronic metformin improved cardiac autonomic balance in hypertension.•Chronic metformin improved hypertension-related baroreflex dysfunction.•Metformin showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in hypertension.•Metformin could have protective effects in hypertension/cardiovascular diseases.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract Background Urine monitoring programs represent an important strategy for early diagnosis of reactivation of BK polyomavirus (BKV) in kidney transplant recipients. This study analyzes a BKV ...urine screening model in kidney transplant patients. Methods Urinary screening for BKV reactivation was performed by urinary decoy cell and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests in samples from 32 consecutive kidney transplant patients, collected in a 6-month follow-up period. PCR in plasma samples and BKV immunohistochemical studies to assess BKV renal disease, if a kidney biopsy was indicated, were performed. Results The urinary screening for BKV among 32 renal receptors was positive in 18 patients (56%) by the concomitant use of the decoy cells and/or qualitative PCR at some time during the study period. Transfusion before transplantation was significantly associated with urinary decoy cell positive screening (odds ratio = 11; 95% confidence interval = 1.47 to 82.4; P < .05); and so was male sex (odds ratio = 2.02; 95% confidence interval = 1.07 to 3.83; P < .05). The clinical management of screening positive cases consisted of decreasing or changing the immunosuppression regimen. Sixteen renal biopsies were performed. Immunohistochemistry for SV40 T antigen was negative in all biopsies. After 1 year of follow-up, no patient developed BKV-associated nephropathy, and there was no difference in renal function between patients positive and negative for BKV urinary screening. Conclusions Early urinary monitoring is effective in detection of BKV replication and represents a good strategy to minimize the deleterious effects caused by the presence of the virus on preservation of graft function.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 184–190
Background: Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a dominantly inherited autosomal disease characterized by typical bone defects including short stature, persistently ...open or delayed closure of the cranial sutures, and hypoplastic or aplastic clavicles. Oral features are frequent and include supernumerary teeth, delayed eruption or impaction of the permanent teeth, and malocclusion. Heterozygous mutations in RUNX2 gene, which encodes a transcription factor essential for osteoblast differentiation, were identified as the etiological cause of CCD.
Objective and Methods: Herein, we performed physical and radiographic examination and screening for RUNX2 mutations in 11 patients from five families with CCD.
Results: All patients demonstrated the classical phenotypes related to CCD. Families whose affected members had several dental alterations such as multiple impacted and supernumerary teeth demonstrated heterozygous missense mutations (R190Q and R225Q) that impair the runt domain of RUNX2. On the other hand, CCD patients from families with low frequency of dental abnormalities showed no mutation in RUNX2 or mutation outside of the runt domain (Q292fs→X299).
Conclusion: The current findings suggest a correlation between dental alterations and mutations in the runt domain of RUNX2 in CCD patients. Further clinical and genetic studies are needed to clarify the relationship between phenotypes and genotypes in CCD and to identify other factors that might influence the clinical features of this uncommon disease.
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BFBNIB, CMK, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
9.
Theory of neutrinos: a white paper Mohapatra, R N; Antusch, S; Babu, K S ...
Reports on progress in physics,
11/2007, Volume:
70, Issue:
11
Journal Article
Collider aspects of flavor physics at high Q Lari, T.; Pape, L.; Porod, W. ...
European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
09/2008, Volume:
57, Issue:
1-2
Journal Article, Web Resource
Peer reviewed
Open access
This chapter of the “Flavor in the era of LHC” workshop report discusses flavor-related issues in the production and decays of heavy states at the LHC at high momentum transfer
Q
, both from the ...experimental and the theoretical perspective. We review top quark physics, and discuss the flavor aspects of several extensions of the standard model, such as supersymmetry, little Higgs models or models with extra dimensions. This includes discovery aspects, as well as the measurement of several properties of these heavy states. We also present publicly available computational tools related to this topic.
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DOBA, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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