Serbia is one of the few European countries that does not keep official statistics and does not have data on heating degree days. A heating degree day (HDD) represents a measure to quantify the ...energy needs for heating a building. In order to create a database, six meteorological stations in Serbia had been selected, for which the heating degree days were calculated for every year in the period 2010-2018. The months with the highest values of heating degree days were also determined for each year of the analyzed period. In addition to the annual level, heating degree days in the heating seasons over the analyzed period were calculated for the six selected stations, as well as the length and the average air temperature of each heating season. In Serbia, heating season officially lasts from October 15 to April 15. To determine the influence of the calculated annual heating degree days on fuelwood consumption in households in Serbia, over the period 2010-2018, multiple econometric models were formulated. The influence of the annual values of heating degree days on fuelwood consumption for household space heating in Slovenia and Croatia was analyzed, as well. The analysis of energy consumption in the households of the selected countries showed that wood fuels are mostly used for heating, primarily fuelwood. This is the reason why this type of fuel was selected for the research.
Srbija je jedna od malobrojnih europskih zemalja koja ne vodi službenu statistiku i nema podatke o broju stupanj-dana grijanja. Broj stupanj-dana grijanja mjera je koja se primjenjuje za određivanje energije potrebne za grijanje objekta. Kako bi se formirala baza podataka, odabrano je šest meteoroloških postaja u Srbiji za koje je izračunan broj stupanj-dana grijanja za svaku godinu u razdoblju 2010. – 2018. Osim toga, određeni su mjeseci s najvećim brojem stupanj-dana grijanja za svaku godinu analiziranog razdoblja. Osim na godišnjoj razini, izračunan je broj stupanj-dana grijanja u sezonama grijanja tijekom analiziranog razdoblja za šest odabranih postaja, kao i trajanje i srednja temperatura svake sezone grijanja. Sezona grijanja u Srbiji službeno traje od 15. listopada do 15 travnja. Izrađeni su višestruki ekonometrijski modeli kako bi se u kućanstvima u Srbiji u razdoblju 2010. – 2018. utvrdio utjecaj izračunanih godišnjih vrijednosti broja stupanj-dana grijanja na potrošnju ogrjevnog drva. Također je analiziran utjecaj godišnjih vrijednosti broja stupanj-dana grijanja na potrošnju ogrjevnog drva u Sloveniji i Hrvatskoj. Analiza potrošnje energije u kućanstvima u promatranim zemljama pokazala je da se za grijanje najviše iskorištava drvna biomasa, osobito ogrjevno drvo. To je i bio razlog zašto je ta vrsta goriva odabrana za istraživanje.
Wood processing and furniture manufacturing is one of the key industrial sectors in South-East European countries. Based on its share in GDP, this industrial sector should be part of the national ...strategy plans. However, media coverage of wood processing and furniture manufacturing in Croatia, as well as in other South-East European countries, is far behind the promotion of other industrial sectors. This paper presents the current situation in promotional activities of wood sector in some South-East European countries media and it shows the differences between individual countries. Also, it presents some ideas on improving this situation according to media share of other highly profi led industrial sectors in some South-East European countries.
Primary wood processing and secondary furniture production are strategic sectors in most western Balkan countries with regard to contribution to gross domestic product, exports, and employment. After ...abandoning a socialist business system in the post-Yugoslavia era, all countries in the region have developed transitional reforms to become free -market economies. Some of these reforms include changes in ownership structure, recapitalization and modernization, adapting to meet import standards of developed countries, and developing strategic linkages with supply-chain counterparts in developed countries. This article contains the results of research conducted on the current situation in primary wood processing and furniture industries in seven western Balkan countries. A common characteristic of these sectors across all countries is the century-long tradition of forestry and forest utilization. The development of these sectors will require sustainable management of the region's rich forest resources, political and economic systems that are transparent and market driven, as well as investments in production technology and employee training. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Full text
Available for:
BF, CEKLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Chaos and complexity theory is a special, functionalist systems approach to dealing with complex, dynamic, nonlinear systems. Through treating organizations as complex, with their environments ...coevolving, nonlinear systems, complexity theory is aimed at creative research of their erratic nature. When an organization is in a state of bounded instability, at the edge of chaos, order and disorder are intertwined, its behavior is irregular and unpredictable but has some pattern. According to the complexity paradigm organizations have to strive to avoid the equilibrium states of stability and instability. They have instead to strive to remain in a state of bounded instability, at the edge of chaos, where they are able to display their full potential for creativity and innovation.
Teorija haosa i kompleksnosti predstavlja poseban, funkcionalisticki sistemski pristup bavljenju slozenim, dinamickim, nelinearnim sistemima. Tretirajuci organizacije kao kompleksne, sa okruzenjima koevoluirajuce nelinearne sisteme, Teorija kompleksnosti je usmerena na kreativno istrazivanje njihove hirovite prirode. Kada se organizacija nalazi u stanju ogranicene nestabilnosti, na odredjenom rubu haosa, u njoj se preplicu red i nered, njeno ponasanje je neregularno i nepredvidivo, ali u njemu postoji izvestan obrazac. Na rubu haosa se odvijaju spontani procesi samo-organizacije, a novi obrasci ponasanja se mogu pojaviti. Prema Paradigmi kompleksnosti, organizacije bi u svom funkcionisanju morale nastojati da izbegnu ravnotezna stanja stabilnosti i nestabilnost, i da, umesto toga, teze ostajanju u stanju ogranicene nestabilnosti, na rubu haosa, gde su sposobne da razviju svoj puni potencijal kreativnosti i inovativnosti.
The main purpose of this paper is to critically reassess the theoretical foundations and the methodological development of Systemic Intervention (SI) – as a new paradigm, based on theoretical and ...methodological pluralism – in order to determine the conditions, the ways and the results of its application in managing complex problems in enterprises. The employed instrumentarium is critical systems thinking, with its commitments to the critical awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of each research instrument for tackling problems in enterprises, the improvement of managing complex problems, and pluralism – respecting different interpretations of problem situations and enabling the combined use of research instruments. The main finding is that SI can underpin the process of structuring complex management problems in enterprises in a scientifically based and practically useful manner. In a scientific sense, the important implication of the conducted research is that it contributes to holistic understanding, conceptualizing and managing problem situations in enterprises. The relevant practical implication for managers is that – through a critical use of the SI methodology – they can creatively enhance the strategic management process in enterprises.
The third main methodological stream of the systems movement is applied systems thinking, beside the study of systems in their own right and systems thinking in the disciplines. Applied systems ...thinking, represented by different systems methodologies for structuring problem situations, is based on appropriate frameworks of ideas, on the one hand, and is addressed to creative intervening in the real world to solve practical management problems, on the other. According to its Tran disciplinary interdisciplinary and Tran paradigmatic nature, systems thinking, through its theories, methodologies, models can add significant value in a variety of fields. In comparison with the management "fads", high status ought to be granted to applied systems thinking due to the theoretical and methodological founded ness and practical capabilities verified of various systems approaches to solving the complex, interactive and multi-meaning management problems.
Uz system science i koriscenje sistemskih ideja i instrumenata u razlicitim disciplinama, poseban, relevantan metodoloski tok u Sistemskom pokretu je primenjeno sistemsko misljenje. Reprezentovano razlicitim sistemskim metodologijama strukturiranja problemskih situacija, primenjeno sistemsko misljenje je, s jedne strane, oslonjeno na odgovarajuce teorijske koncepcijske okvire, a s druge, okrenuto kreativnom intervenisanju u realnom svetu, odnosno, resavanju prakticnih problema upravljanja. Shodno svojoj transdisciplinarnoj, interdisciplinarnoj i transparadigmatskoj prirodi sistemsko misljenje, kroz svoje teorije, metodologije, modele, moze pruziti vazan doprinos razlicitim teorijskim i primenjenim istrazivanjima. U odnosu na preporuke posebnih menadzment tehnika, koje su u savremenom manadzement science-u oznacene kao privremene menadzment sklonosti, primenjeno sistemsko misljenje ima visi status, s obzirom na teorijsko-metodoloska utemeljenja i verifikovane aplikativne potencijale razlicitih sistemskih prilaza resavanju kompleksnih, interaktivnih i viseznacnih upravljackih problema.
The increasing complexity and diversity of management problem situations in organizations, as well as the increasing variety of theories, methodologies, methods, techniques, and models that can be ...employed in problem situation structuring and solving, must be considered as relevant aspects of management process in contemporary circumstances. Creative holism in management problem situations in organizations is enabled by means of Critical Systems Thinking (CST) as well as Critical Systems Practice (CSP), as the resulting metamethodology. In other words, through CST and CSP, it can be significantly contributed to the management of the increasing diversity and variety of methodologies, methods, techniques, and models, with the aim of improving the management of problem situations in organizations.
The main research objective of this paper is to critically reassess the conceptual foundations, and methodological and methodical development of Critical Systems Heuristics (CSH) - as a relevant ...representative of the emancipatory paradigm - in order to determine the conditions, ways and achievements of its application in structuring the coercive management problems in organizations. The scientific instrumentarium corresponding to this research aim is critical systems thinking with its three key commitments to: a) critical awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of any research instrument - a theory, a methodology, a method, a technique, a model - for managing the problem situations, including CSH, as the emancipatory systems approach to management, b) improvement of structuring those coercive problems in organizations, in which the sources of coercion can be identified, and c) pluralism - respect the different perceptions and interpretations of problem situations in organizations, and enable the combined use of selected research instruments. The main research result is the knowledge that CSH - considering its conceptual foundations, and methodological and methodical development - enables to reveal the normative contents of the proposed designs of organizational systems, i.e. enables to identify the stakeholders who benefit from the proposed changes implementation. Based on this finding, it can be concluded that through the use of critically heuristic categories and dialectical debate between those involved and those affected by the designs, but who are not included in decision making, CSH endeavours to - in application - support the process of improving position of all stakeholders.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Complexity and plurality of perceptions and interpretations of management problems that are important for organizations' survival and development are the key features of strategic management ...problems. Creative dealing with the holistically reconceptualized complex-pluralist contexts of strategic management implies a corresponding philosophical-theoretical framework of the interpretive paradigm and use of an appropriate systems methodology. As a specific expression of the soft systems approaches to management, interactive planning is based on the ideas that effective and efficient planning process in organizations should be participatory, continuous, and holistic, and the main phases of this process ought to be focused on designing a desirable future and finding the ways, means, and resources to achieve it. Pursuant to its own theoretical foundations and methodological development, interactive planning can – with the support of the scientific instrumentarium of critical systems thinking – creatively contribute to improving the strategic management process in enterprises.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The paper gives results of the analysis of econometric models and trends of wood window and door consumption in Spain, France and Germany in the period 2008-2012. The results of the analysis are ...important for the process of creating export strategy for the chosen wood products from Serbia on the markets of the chosen countries. For each of the abovementioned markets, main recommendations in view of the possibilities for wood windows and doors export from Serbia are given, as well as the recommendations for the appearance of Serbian producers on each of the chosen markets.
PDF
