Building Information Modelling (BIM) is increasingly deployed as part of the processes in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry projects. While the benefits of BIM have been ...extensively proclaimed, explicit justification in terms of direct cost savings for BIM implementation on real-life projects, particularly for clash detection BIM workstream, are not well documented. This paper proposes and demonstrates a methodology to prove how BIM-based clash detection leads to cost savings. A schema is developed based on literature review and industrial expertise to quantify cost savings achieved by the utilisation of BIM-based clash detection and resolution. This paper provides validation of the proposed schema on a major infrastructure project. The developed schema includes the categorisation of identified clashes based on stakeholder involvement and required actions. The validation used the estimated cost of clashes were those not resolved before site operations took place. This schema simplifies both the categorisation and cost estimation of clashes in design. Estimated savings yielded 20% of contract value using the schema, for the multi-million-dollar project case study, thus extending evidence of BIM savings and benefits. The schema improves the existing process and valorises clash detection, thus allowing stakeholders to conduct a cost-benefit analysis. In addition, the categorisation methodology allows prioritising on the most costly clashes, and draw lessons learnt for further projects. This schema opens the path towards a systematic methodology to appraise the benefits of different BIM uses or processes.
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BFBNIB, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is extensively used in the construction industry due to its benefits throughout the Project Life Cycle (PLC). BIM can simulate buildings throughout PLC, detect and ...resolve problems, and improve building visualization that contributes to the representation of actual project details in the construction stage. BIM contributes to project management promotion by detecting problems that lead to conflicts, cost overruns, and time delays. This work aims to implement an effective BIM for the Iraqi construction projects’ life cycle. The methodology used is a literature review to collect the most important factors contributing to the success of BIM implementation, interview the team of the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) building, and strive to improve the BEP of the CBI building. However, previous studies indicate collaborative work and communications enhance effective BIM implementation, which can improve BIM use by applying a BEP and an AEC (UK) BIM protocol that leads to positive BIM impact. BEP comprises important information and goals related to the intended project, including the BIM collaborative process (process map), information exchange requirements, BIM data management, BIM model management, and quality control, which are considered essential for enhancing BIM collaboration during PLC. This paper concludes that implementing BIM effectively requires overcoming obstacles faced by Iraqi construction projects. Effective BIM implementation requires improving collaboration and communication throughout the construction process, which could be achieved by depending on the BIM Execution Planning Guide(BEP Guide) and the AEC (UK) BIM Protocol 2012 V2.0
AbstractAlthough a plethora of studies on building information modeling (BIM) have been conducted in the last decade, none of the previous studies collate and/or prioritize the benefits, risks, and ...challenges of BIM based on the data collected from a comprehensive literature review and subject matter experts (SMEs). In order to allow architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals and academics see the true potential of BIM in a wider context and help them understand its multiorganizational and multidisciplinary functions, there is an obvious necessity for identifying, classifying, and prioritizing the pros and cons of BIM; however, such a study is still currently absent in the AEC literature. The aim of this study is to identify, classify, and rank the pros and cons of BIM that address the benefits, challenges, and risks of BIM in the transition from computer-aided design (CAD). A literature review was performed and face-to-face semistructured interviews with SMEs on BIM were conducted for identification and classification purposes. A total of 41 types of benefits, 11 types of risks, and 13 types of challenges of BIM were identified via triangulation of literature review and face-to-face semistructured interviews with SMEs. The Delphi method was performed for prioritizing the benefits of BIM in terms of time, cost, and sustainability as well as the risks and challenges of BIM encountered in the transition process from CAD to BIM. The interrater agreement and significance-level statistics were performed to analyze and validate the consensus reached by the Delphi panel experts. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge on BIM by providing comprehensive identification and classification of the benefits, challenges, and risks of BIM, and prioritization of the benefits for BIM in terms of time, cost, and sustainability as well as the risks and challenges of BIM. The priority rankings of benefits, risks, and challenges of BIM ensure successful completion of projects and create additional value by allowing professionals to make well-informed decisions that support decreasing time and cost-related waste in the transition process from CAD to BIM.
A neural network approach is proposed to estimate the costs and benefits associated with implementing Building Information Modelling (BIM) at firms. This includes specifying the BIM applications and ...the resources required for reaching a specific level of detail within the generated models, referred to as level of development (LOD). Such predictions are imperative to decision makers and can aid in the examination of the best strategies to execute when deciding on the adoption and implementation of BIM. The proposed neural network is customised to suit a firm's investment plan when it comes to BIM implementation. Multi-label and multi-class classifications are adopted to derive the cost and benefit functions for BIM application and LOD implementation, respectively. Threshold functions to distinguish the positive and negative labels in multi-label classification are adopted. The proposed neural network is developed based on data collected from Australian and Chinese construction firms using a 7-point Likert type questionnaire. The proposed neural network provides decision-makers with a tool to assess which BIM/Non-BIM applications to implement, along with the LOD that is most suited to the organisation's financial and technical ability.
•A neural network is proposed to estimate the costs and benefits associated with BIM.•The neural network specifies the BIM applications to adopt.•Multi-label and multi-class classifications are adopted to derive the cost and benefit functions.•Data is collected from Australian and Chinese construction firms.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Building information modeling (BIM) is an emerging process for managing the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of a facility. While BIM has developed in diverse aspects, the lack of ...organizational BIM capabilities remains a barrier to its implementation across the global architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. Accordingly, AEC organizations need to understand their organizational BIM capabilities and those of other organizations to realize the benefits of implementing BIM. This study examines the key criteria for assessing organizational BIM capabilities across two countries—Malaysia and Iran. For this purpose, the study compares the assessment criteria for BIM capabilities among the two countries based on the following elements: (1) criticality of the criteria; (2) degree of centrality of the criteria; and (3) underlying groups of the criteria. A systematic literature review of 26 articles and semi-structured interviews with BIM professionals provided nineteen criteria. A total of 121 and 126 BIM professionals evaluated the criticality of the criteria through a survey in Malaysia and Iran. The collected data were analyzed using the contextual disparities test (Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, and rank agreement factor), network analysis, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The leading key criteria in both countries are “the company has the necessary infrastructure to implement BIM”, “the company has a good attitude towards new technology”, and “the company understands its expertise”. However, the subsequent key criteria differ between countries. Furthermore, while the level of agreement on the ranking of the criteria is at a neutral level, the Mann–Whitney U test indicates that the level of criticality significantly differs between countries for most criteria. There are also changes in the level of criticality of the criteria between countries. Finally, criteria with a high degree of centrality differ between countries. On the contrary, although the criteria slightly differ between countries, the overarching groups of the criteria are similar (i.e., the criteria are related to organizational BIM capabilities and organizational capabilities). Understanding these criteria can help researchers and industry practitioners develop the optimal tool for assessing organizational BIM capabilities for the local industry.
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an innovation that is transforming practices within the Architectural, Engineering, Construction and Operation (AECO) sectors. Many studies have investigated ...the process of BIM adoption and diffusion and in particular, the drivers affecting adoption at different levels, ranging from individual and team through organisations and supply chains to whole market level. However, in-depth investigations of the stages of the BIM adoption process and the drivers, factors and determinants affecting such stages are still lacking. A comprehensive classification and integration of adoption drivers and factors is absent as these are disjointedly identified across disparate studies. There is also limited attention to the key terms and concepts (i.e. readiness, implementation, diffusion, adoption) in this area of study.
This aim in this paper is twofold: (1) to develop and validate a Unified BIM Adoption Taxonomy (UBAT); and (2) to identify the taxonomy's constructs (i.e. three driver clusters and their 17 factors) that have influence on the first three stages of the BIM adoption process namely, awareness, interest, and decision stages, and compare their effects on each of the stages. The research uses: a systematic literature review and knowledge synthesisation to develop the taxonomy; a confirmatory factor analysis for its validation; and an ordinal logistic regression to test the effect of the UBAT's constructs on the BIM adoption process within the UK Architectural sector using a sample of 177 organisations.
The paper is primarily intended to enhance the reader's understanding of the BIM adoption process and the constructs that influence its stages. The taxonomy and its sets of drivers and determinants can be used to perform various analyses of the BIM adoption process, delivering evidence and insights for decision makers within organisations and across whole market when formulating BIM diffusion strategies.
•Introduces and delineates key terms and concepts in the field of BIM adoption;•Establishes a Unified BIM Adoption Taxonomy of drivers and factors that affect the decision of organisations to adopt BIM;•Validates the Unified BIM Adoption Taxonomy using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis; and•Identifies the factors affecting each stage of the BIM adoption process within the UK Architectural sector.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The main objective of this review is to summarize and thoroughly investigate the most popular and promising BIM (building information modeling) and BEM (building energy modeling) interoperability ...strategies employed in the last years (2004–2023), highlighting pros and cons of each strategy and trying to understand the reason for the still limited BIM–BEM interaction. This review summarizes the main countries, areas, modeling tools, and interoperability strategies, with the advantages and disadvantages of each one. The methodology is based on the PRISMA protocol, and two databases were used for the research: Scopus and Google Scholar. A total of 532 publications were selected and 100 papers were deemed useful for the purposes of this review. The main findings led to the identification of four different interoperability strategies between BIM and BEM tools: (1) real-time connection; (2) standardized exchange formats and middleware corrective tools; (3) adherence to model view definitions; (4) proprietary tool-chain. These strategies were found to be characterized by different degrees of complexity, time required for information exchange, proprietary or opensource software, ability to reduce information loss, and detailed energy results. The results of this study showed that, to date, there is no better interoperability strategy, and that further efforts are needed so that interoperability between the two tools can become commonplace.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•4D-BIM applied to construction waste reuse and recycle planning.•Discretizing construction waste generation into quantities for reuse and recycle.•Visual identification and planning of on-site ...concrete waste reuse opportunities.•Two case studies demonstrated and validated with ground truth data and literature.
Despite pressing attention on construction waste management (CWM) issues, low rates of construction waste (CW) reuse and recycling (R&R) remain a limitation in construction projects. In recent years, Building Information Modeling (BIM) has gained momentum for CWM purposes; its data-richness, visualization, and simulation capabilities provide an opportunity to enhance CW R&R planning at the project level. In this context, this study proposes temporal-based algorithms integrated with 4D-BIM for the planning of concrete and drywall waste R&R throughout construction projects. Two case studies from Central Texas were used for the demonstration of the algorithms, and estimates were validated with ground truth data and literature values from different projects in North America. The overarching objective of the proposed algorithms is to streamline estimation and visual planning of CW for on-site reuse, and off-site recycling – therefore promoting a more proactive and schedule-based CWM plan. In addition, the approach improves team communication around CWM goals of the project. Moreover, through the use of 4D-BIM, on-site waste reuse opportunities are planned in advance, thus, improving resource recovery and minimizing waste disposal in landfills.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Organizational and people centered issues pose the greatest challenge for Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation. Studies showed that BIM implementation is still a challenge for the North ...American construction industry. The Canadian construction industry, in contrast, is well behind that of the U.S. in its BIM adoption rate. Maturity and adoption of BIM depends mainly on the client or the owner in construction projects. Public sector clients often think that the market is not ready for BIM and are afraid to increase project costs by limiting competition. Moreover, if the contractor is not integrated in the project in the design phase, BIM has limited power. This paper proposes a ‘BIM partnering’ based public procurement framework to ensure ‘best value’ in construction projects. The case study presented in the paper proved the feasibility of proposed BIM based procurement in publicly-funded construction projects. The suggested contractual arrangement for the project resulted in improved productivity, better coordination, and reduced error, and rework.
► This paper presents a public construction procurement framework through BIM-Partnering. ► This framework aligns with current contractual and project delivery methods. ► It proposes a virtual design environment with an unprecedented level of collaboration.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
This research seeks to gain a deeper understanding of the current ecosystem of BIM technology and its utilization in the UAE. Since the UAE has been an early adopter of BIM, its utilization of BIM is ...now likely to reach that of developed nations. By adopting the BIM case study analysis framework, two sets of projects of similar categories in terms of functionality and typology were selected and mapped. One set represents projects within the UAE, and the second represents projects from developed nations utilizing BIM during the projects’ lifecycle (LC). Incorporating expert interviews to triangulate the results collected from the case study analysis will further contribute to developing a more in-depth comprehension of BIM use in the UAE. The three significant inferences can be drawn from the findings. Firstly, in the UAE, stakeholders utilize BIM fragmentarily in different stages. Secondly, the full extent of BIM utilization over the project’s LC is not pursued. Thirdly, no effective BIM standards or protocols exist. Even though international firms are the main drivers of UAE BIM adoption and utilization, UAE BIM is still in its infancy, necessitating a more collaborative effort to realize the holistic benefits of the BIM process. The findings could be utilized to identify industry standards and guiding principles for BIM implementation in the UAE and help identify areas for improvement. It also provides valuable insights into how BIM can be used more effectively in the country and how its use can be promoted. Additionally, it could be used as a guide for owners/asset managers and AEC professionals in the UAE looking to implement BIM in their projects.
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