•This ms studies the foliar amino acid application to salinized tomatoes plants•Applied treatment were L-Arg, L-Pro, Glu, L-Trp, L-Met + L-Arg, L-Met + L-Trp, Glu + L-Pro•It were measured growth, ...water status, mineral nutrient, carbohydrates and organic solutes.•The best treatment were L-Met, Pro + Glu and Met + Trp
Salinity is one of the most critical problems faced by agriculture in all the arid and semi-arid climates in the world. Many biostimulant-producing companies utilize different raw materials to palliate the negative effects of salinity on crops. Some of these active materials are amino acids (AAs). In this study, the effect of the foliar application of free amino acids or as a mixture of them was studied in tomato plants cv “Optima”, grown in a controlled environment growth chamber in a hydroponic system with Hoagland’s solution with added 50 mM NaCl. The following treatments were applied: i) Control (-salt), ii) salt (+salt), and the salt treatments with amino acids (AAs + salt): iv) L-Arg, v) L-Pro, vi) Glu, vii) L-Trp, viii) L-Met + L-Arg, ix) L-Met + L-Trp, x) Glu + L-Pro. At the end of the assay, vegetative growth parameters, relative water content, mineral nutrient content, carbohydrates and organic solutes and chlorophylls were measured. The results showed that salinity decreased the growth of the plants, but those treated with the L-Met, Pro + Glu and Met + Trp reversed the negative effect of salinity. Also, this result was not due to differences in the concentration of Cl- or Na+ in the leaves, or to changes in the water status of the plants, but to a greater accumulation of total soluble sugars induced by the application of AAs, which could have de-activated the reactive oxygen species created by the toxicity of these ions. The results of this experiment also highlight the antagonistic or synergistic effects between the AAs, which should be taken into account by fertilizer producers.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, extreme temperature, and pollutants, are the main cause of crop losses worldwide. Novel climate-adapted crops and stress tolerance-enhancing compounds ...are increasingly needed to counteract the negative effects of unfavorable stressful environments. A number of natural products and synthetic chemicals can protect model and crop plants against abiotic stresses through induction of molecular and physiological defense mechanisms, a process known as molecular priming. In addition to their stress-protective effect, some of these compounds can also stimulate plant growth. Here, we provide an overview of the known physiological and molecular mechanisms that induce molecular priming, together with a survey of the approaches aimed to discover and functionally study new stress-alleviating chemicals.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
For the growing human population to be sustained during present climatic changes, enhanced quality and quantity of crops are essential to enable food security worldwide. The current consensus is that ...we need to make a transition from a petroleum-based to a bio-based economy via the development of a sustainable circular economy and biorefinery approaches. Both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgae have been long considered a rich source of plant biostimulants with an attractive business opportunity in agronomy and agro-industries. To date, macroalgae biostimulants have been well explored. In contrast, microalgal biostimulants whilst known to have positive effects on development, growth and yields of crops, their commercial implementation is constrained by lack of research and cost of production. The present review highlights the current knowledge on potential biostimulatory compounds, key sources and their quantitative information from algae. Specifically, we provide an overview on the prospects of microalgal biostimulants to advance crop production and quality. Key aspects such as specific biostimulant effects caused by extracts of microalgae, feasibility and potential of co-cultures and later co-application with other biostimulants/biofertilizers are highlighted. An overview of the current knowledge, recent advances and achievements on extraction techniques, application type, application timing, current market and regulatory aspects are also discussed. Moreover, aspects involved in circular economy and biorefinery approaches are also covered, such as: integration of waste resources and implementation of high-throughput phenotyping and -omics tools in isolating novel strains, exploring synergistic interactions and illustrating the underlying mode of microalgal biostimulant action. Overall, this review highlights the current and future potential of microalgal biostimulants, algal biochemical components behind these traits and finally bottlenecks and prospects involved in the successful commercialisation of microalgal biostimulants for sustainable agricultural practices.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Crop production systems have adopted cost-effective, sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices to improve crop yields and the quality of food derived from plants. Approaches ...such as genetic selection and the creation of varieties displaying favorable traits such as disease and drought resistance have been used in the past and continue to be used. However, the use of biostimulants to promote plant growth has increasingly gained attention, and the market size for biostimulants is estimated to reach USD 4.14 billion by 2025. Plant biostimulants are products obtained from different inorganic or organic substances and microorganisms that can improve plant growth and productivity and abate the negative effects of abiotic stresses. They include materials such as protein hydrolysates, amino acids, humic substances, seaweed extracts and food or industrial waste-derived compounds. Fish processing waste products have potential applications as plant biostimulants. This review gives an overview of plant biostimulants with a focus on fish protein hydrolysates and legislation governing the use of plant biostimulants in agriculture.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Plant–fungal interactions are widespread in nature, and their multiple benefits for plant growth and health have been amply demonstrated. Endophytic and epiphytic fungi can significantly increase ...plant resilience, improving plant nutrition, stress tolerance and defence. Although some of these interactions have been known for decades, the relevance of the plant mycobiome within the plant microbiome has been largely underestimated. Our limited knowledge of fungal biology and their interactions with plants in the broader phytobiome context has hampered the development of optimal biotechnological applications in agrosystems and natural ecosystems. Exciting recent technical and knowledge advances in the context of molecular and systems biology open a plethora of opportunities for developing this field of research.
•Fungi are key components of the plant microbiome.•They can be applied as biostimulants, biofertilizers and biopesticides.•Scientific and technological advances on fungal biology and ecology are improving inoculant efficiency.•Emerging experimental evidence points to higher performance for synthetic microbial communities including fungi.•Management of native microbial communities can tailor mycobiome composition and applications.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•Foliarly-applied seed extract of fennel (FSE) or ammi (ASE) improved growth and yield of salt-stressed cowpea plant.•Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were improved by ASE or FSE in ...salt-stressed cowpea plant.•Foliarly-applied ASE or FSE maintained membrane integrity and cell water status in salt-stressed plant.•Foliarly-applied ASE or FSE maintained photosynthetic efficiency in salt-stressed plants.•ASE was more effective than FSE in increasing salt tolerance in cowpea plant.
The use of biostimulants, including plant extracts, enables plant species to noticeably lessen abiotic stress effects, including salinity. The aim of this study was to explore the potential impacts of two biostimulants; seed extracts of Foeniculum vulgare (FSE) and Ammi visnaga (ASE), foliarly applied at 2000 ppm, on growth, yield, physiological parameters, nutrient status, and antioxidant system ingredients in Vigna unguiculata plants growing under irrigation with diluted seawater (3.5 and 7 dS m−1) during the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Salt stress significantly increased Na+ content, electrolyte leakage (EL), and oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde ‒ (MDA), hydrogen peroxide ‒ (H2O2), and superoxide‒(O2‒), which were associated with high concentrations and activities of osmoprotectants and antioxidant system (enzymatic and nonenzymatic) ingredients. On the other hand, growth and output traits, leafy relative content of water (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), photosynthetic efficiency, contents of nutrients (e.g., N, P, K+, and Ca2+), ratio of K+/Na+, and plant anatomical features were decreased. The adverse impacts of saltiness were more noticeable under 7 dS m−1. Both ASE and FSE applications significantly increased contents of osmoprotectants and activities of antioxidant system ingredients, which were reflected in reduced Na+ content, EL, and oxidative stress biomarkers and in increased growth and yield traits, RWC, MSI, photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient contents, K+/Na+ ratio, and anatomical features (using ASE only) in both seasons. Compared to FSE, better results were obtained by ASE application, which can be recommended for use to maximize Vigna unguiculata productivity in environments having salinities up to 7 dS m−1.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Beneficial soil microbes like plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) significantly contribute to plant growth and development through various mechanisms activated by plant-PGPR interactions. ...However, a complete understanding of the biochemistry of the PGPR and microbial intraspecific interactions within the consortia is still enigmatic. Such complexities constrain the design and use of PGPR formulations for sustainable agriculture. Therefore, we report the application of mass spectrometry (MS)-based untargeted metabolomics and molecular networking (MN) to interrogate and profile the intracellular chemical space of PGPR
Bacillus
strains:
B. laterosporus
,
B. amyloliquefaciens
,
B. licheniformis
1001, and
B. licheniformis
M017 and their consortium. The results revealed differential and diverse chemistries in the four
Bacillus
strains when grown separately, and also differing from when grown as a consortium. MolNetEnhancer networks revealed 11 differential molecular families that are comprised of lipids and lipid-like molecules, benzenoids, nucleotide-like molecules, and organic acids and derivatives. Consortium and
B. amyloliquefaciens
metabolite profiles were characterized by the high abundance of surfactins, whereas
B. licheniformis
strains were characterized by the unique presence of lichenysins. Thus, this work, applying metabolome mining tools, maps the microbial chemical space of isolates and their consortium, thus providing valuable insights into molecular information of microbial systems. Such fundamental knowledge is essential for the innovative design and use of PGPR-based biostimulants.
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