Bohinj je alpska kotlina na jugovzhodnem delu Julijskih Alp. Stalno je poseljena od starejše železne dobe, kolonizirali pa so jo ljudje iz Posočja zaradi bogatih nahajališč železove rude. ...Nastale so prve vasi v dolini z gospodarskim zaledjem v visokogorju, kot kažejo najdbe z Dolge planje na Prvem Voglu in Bošinke nad Dednim poljem. Keramika in ostanki temeljev koč nakazujejo možnost, da se je v tem času v visokogorju, poleg rudarjenja, začelo alpsko kmetovanje s sto- penjsko pašo iz vasi na visoka naravna travnata območja – planine, ki se je ohranilo vse do danes.
Erosion is an important exogene process that can be found on almost all surfaces around the globe and Slovenian territory is no exception to the rule. The extent of the erosion is a result of various ...factors linked to the surface properties, such as land use type, vegetation type, and geomorphology and of the factors linked to the climate, such as the precipitation regime and the temperature oscilation. The paper focuses on the modelling of the mechanical erosion and the surface transport of particles due to surfiial waters. The aim of the research was to combine the RUSLE surface erosion method with a model of gully erosion. The combined approach successfuly models the erosion in the mountainous and karst areas. Due to its vivid geomorphology that results in various natural surface proceses the area of Bohinj municipality was chosen as an ideal case study for testing the joint methodology.
Sequences of lake sediments often form long and continuous records that may be sensitive recorders of seismic shaking. A multi‐proxy analysis of Lake Bohinj sediments associated with a ...well‐constrained chronology was conducted to reconstruct Holocene seismic activity in the Julian Alps (Slovenia). A seismic reflection survey and sedimentological analyses identified 29 homogenite‐type deposits related to mass‐wasting deposits. The most recent homogenites can be linked to historical regional earthquakes (i.e. 1348 ad, 1511 ad and 1690 ad) with strong epicentral intensity greater than ‘damaging’ (VIII) on the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale. The correlation between the historical earthquake data set and the homogenites identified in a core isolated from local stream inputs, allows interpretation of all similar deposits as earthquake related. This work extends the earthquake chronicle of the last 6600 years in this area with a total of 29 events recorded. The early Holocene sedimentary record is disturbed by a seismic event (6617 ± 94 cal yr bp) that reworked previously deposited sediment and led to a thick sediment deposit identified in the seismic survey. The period between 3500 cal yr bp and 2000 cal yr bp is characterized by a major destabilization in the watershed by human activities that led to increases in erosion and sedimentation rates. This change increased the lake's sensitivity to recording an earthquake (earthquake‐sensitivity threshold index) with the occurrence of 72 turbidite‐type deposits over this period. The high turbidite frequency identified could be the consequence of this change in lake earthquake sensitivity and thus these turbidites could be triggered by earthquake shaking, as other origins are discarded. This study illustrates why it is not acceptable to propose a return period for seismic activity recorded in lake sediment if the sedimentation rate varies significantly.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Mountain grazing and ore processing had a significant impact on the Alpine environment in the last 5000 years, but few studies have so far focused on environmental changes of the south eastern Alps. ...This study investigates the vegetation history and sedimentary processes in the catchment of Lake Bohinj (Julian Alps, Slovenia), where a 12-m-long core was collected in the central part of the lake. Sediment in the early Holocene section of the core was partially reworked due to a major seismic event dated to 6711–6523 yr cal BP (Rapuc et al. 2018), therefore a detailed palaeoenvironmental reconstruction was performed only for the top 4.4 m of the core. Here the results of mineralogical, sedimentological, geochemical, stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N), and pollen analysis are presented in order to better understand the impact of people (agriculture, grazing, mining) on the environment, and climate-human interactions over the last 6600 years.
The results of palynological research suggest that at ca. 6000 yr cal BP Lake Bohinj was surrounded by mixed forest composed of Picea, Abies, deciduous Quercus, with Fagus becoming dominant after ca. 3300 yr cal BP. In the Bronze and especially the Iron Age (3500–2500 yr cal BP), when the region was, according to archaeological data, densely populated, clearing of forests due to agriculture, livestock production and metallurgical activities was detected through Cerealia type pollen, Plantago lanceolata, and the decline of Abies. These activities probably triggered soil erosion recorded as increased sedimentation rates. In the subsequent centuries human impact on the environment continued (increased), but it seems that the watershed was not destabilised again. Several periods of high terrigenous input were recorded at 6100–6000, 5700–5550, 5000–4600, 3900, 3700–3550, 2300–2200 yr cal BP and could be associated with a mobilisation of river inflow from the eastern flysch bearing catchment, due to river migration during periods of wetter climate. These flood patterns match with periods of enhanced flood activity in the wider Alpine region.
•Vegetation history and sedimentary processes at Lake Bohinj were investigated.•Several periods of wetter climate were recorded in the last 6600 years.•Human impact (grazing and fire disturbance) intensified in the Bronze Age.•In the Iron Age (2600 BP) human activity triggered massive soil erosion.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In alpine Lake Bohinj, which is an LTER site and a part of the national park, the occurrence and depth distribution of submerged and emerged aquatic macrophytes were analyzed. Nine submerged and one ...emergent macrophyte taxa were found in the lake: Myriophyllum spicatum, Chara virgata, Chara aspera, Potamogeton lucens, Potamogeton alpinus, Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Potamogeton pusillus, Ranunculus circinatus with the synonym Batrachium foeniculaceum and the emergent species Phragmites australis. The depth of the vegetation zones was measured using a depth meter and their coordinates were recorded using a GNSS antenna with RTK receiver. These data were used along with a DEM of lake depths to accurately map the potential zone of macrophyte growth, which was based on the depths of macrophyte distribution. The potential zone of macrophyte growth consisted of 28 different transects and covered 240.14 ha of the lake. The macrophytes covered 5.55 ha. The most common and abundant species was M. spicatum. A significant difference in macrophyte cover was found between the south and north shores of the lake, with the south shore having more patches with a larger total area. A clear difference in macrophyte cover was also noted between the main inflow and outflow of the lake. The presence of macrophytes and their diversity varied in different parts of the lake due to differences in slope, depth and type of substrates.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Marian Wolfgang Koller used to be considered the very best astronomer from Carniola next to Augustin Hallerstein. Today, his work connected with the Dalton Minimum is again in limelight as the ...alternative explanation of global warming phenomena. Koller wrote precise notes of six semestrial courses of Josef Stefan to promote Stefan’s talents. By using the international connection of his patron Koller, Stefan published at least twenty articles in the British Philosophical Magazine, some of them also in Paris and Geneva.
Lower Cretaceous syn-orogenic sediments derived from the obducted ophiolites of the Meliata–Maliac–Vardar (Neotethys) Ocean are typically found in the Dinarides and the Austroalpine units. ...Correlative flysch-type deposits linking both regions through the Southern Alps had been reported from the Bohinj area (NW Slovenia), but their stratigraphic and structural framework remained poorly known. Our research focused on stratigraphic and structural field studies in a 50 km
2
area between Lake Bled and Lake Bohinj in the Julian Alps. The mixed carbonate–siliciclastic sediments, informally named the Studor formation, range in age from the Valanginian (possibly late Berriasian) to the Aptian. They occur on top of two different stratigraphic successions, which we assign to two separate nappes. The first succession consists of deep-water Middle Triassic to Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Bled Basin and belongs to the Pokljuka Nappe, which is the uppermost nappe of the Julian nappe stack. The second succession consists of Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic platform carbonates and a thin Jurassic–Cretaceous deep-water sequence. This succession was deposited in the marginal area of the Julian Carbonate Platform/Julian High and now belongs to the underlying Krn Nappe. The original (Dinaric) thrust contacts between the Pokljuka and Krn nappes are obliterated by younger deformations. The present-day boundaries between these two nappes are steep NE–SW and younger NW–SE trending faults. The post-nappe deformation sequence characterizing the Alps–Dinarides transition zone has been recognized: (1) Oligocene–Early Miocene NW–SE contraction; (2) Early–Middle Miocene extension; and (3) Late Miocene to recent inversion and transpression.
Članek obravnava družinske sirarske kmetije v Bohinju in analizira njihove ekonomske strategije v povezavi z družinsko in zadružno obliko sirarstva ter v povezavi z različnimi oblikami prostorskega ...gibanja oziroma mobilnosti. V zadnjem desetletju se je več družinskih kmetij (ponovno) začelo ukvarjati s sirarstvom, ki je močno povezano s tradicionalnimi oblikami zadružništva in pašnimi pravicami agrarnih skupnosti. Kmetije so se naslonile na tradicionalne oblike sirarstva in obenem oblikovale nove ekonomske strategije, ki zajemajo predvsem pluralnost njihovih dejavnosti – delo izven kmetije, turizem, prodaja izdelkov itd.Članek na kratko predstavi razvoj sirarstva v Bohinju, spremembe v zasebni oziroma zadružni organizaciji dejavnosti, predvsem pa izpostavi gibanje in pletež poti, stez, cest in krajev, ki so temeljno povezani s sirarsko ekonomijo. Pri tem poveže različne prakse gibanja, med njimi dnevno pašo ob vaseh, pastirstvo, pašo na planinah ter prodajo sira in mlečnih izdelkov na tržnicah in sejmih. Skozi analizo gibanja članek poveže ekonomske strategije sirarskih kmetij, modelov zadružništva in zasebne produkcije ter konceptualizacije in organizacije prostora – zlasti poti, planin in drugega pašnega okolja.
The centenary of World War I has been marked by a broad range of commemorative practices across Europe. This has also been the case in Bohinj, a region located in the Julian Alps in the northeastern ...corner of present-day Slovenia. This article is an examination of the diverse practices of commemoration and heritagization of World War I in Bohinj against the backdrop of contemporary global developments that frame the centenary: the rise of war tourism and the globalization of heritage as an evermore important element of identity construction as well as the political economy of tourism. To what extent do these contemporary trends inform the specific nature of current commemoration and heritagization practices? Their study – together with an analysis of the actors that produce, enact, resist or promote them – aids in identifying and analyzing the diverse social processes that shape Bohinj’s present landscape of war heritage.
Due to the relatively short travel distances between places, a wide variety of natural and cultural sites in the area, the well-preserved environment, and a large number of forest roads, skid trails, ...field trails, and hiking trails through the mountains, the Municipality of Bohinj, much of which lies in Slovenia’s largest protected area, Triglav National Park, has great potential for the development of mountain biking. In order to outline the guidelines for effective environmental protection and provide a basis for harmonizing the needs of various users, this article evaluates the prudence of and the need for establishing an appropriate mountain biking management system in the Bohinj Valley, one of the most popular tourism areas in Upper Carniola. A tentative system of trails suitable for this leisure activity is proposed based on an overview of the relevant literature, a survey, and cooperation with various individuals involved with mountain biking. It would also make sense to include these trails in the municipal development plan.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
