This article explores the nationalist ideologies in Iraq from the end of the Ottoman era to the fall of the Ba'ath regime in 2003, with emphasis on how Iraq's past, especially ancient Mesopotamia, ...was used by various Iraqi regimes to promote their political agendas. The article particularly focuses on the developments of Pan-Arabism in Iraq and the formation of an Iraqi nationalist ideology under the Republic and the Ba'ath regime. It also considers the cult of personality that developed around Saddam Hussein by selecting elements from the ancient past and projecting a whimsical image of Saddam Hussein as the latest manifestation of a great line of Mesopotamian leader-heroes. The article explores how archaeology and archaeological discoveries fit into these broader social, cultural, political, and ideological developments.
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The relevance of this topic is that on the basis of a wide range of archival sources, the work of a special commission under the leadership of D.T. Shepilov, which was created by the decision of the ...Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU at the end of 1955, is being considered. The Commission organized a competition to create a new national anthem and selected text works among a large number of participants who submitted more than fifty works. Textual analysis was used to study this topic, which allowed not only to identify the semantic meanings of the content of the work laid down by the author, but also to identify and see the differences in the stylistics of the works of the competition. A comparative research method was also used when comparing both the content of the texts of the works and when comparing with the text of the official anthem of the USSR of the 1943/44 model. A problem-chronological approach was also applied when considering the stages of the work of a special competition commission. The competition to create a new anthem took place in several stages. The texts of the songwriters selected at the first stage were refined by the second stage to better match the new goals and tasks facing the country. The texts of the winners of the second stage were also not final and could be subject to content adjustments in the future. This allows us to conclude that there were apparently no clear parameters for the content of the texts or were corrected during the work of the entire commission. Participation in this competition was not based on the altruistic principles of poets and musicians, but assumed a good financial incentive to the participants and winners of the competition. The texts of the winners differed in their structure and content both among themselves and from the official anthem of the USSR of the 1943/44 model.
Mao Zedong sought both to destabilize existing institutional categories for ordering meaning, and impose new ones, initially through the Great Leap Forward and subsequently during the Cultural ...Revolution. The paper explores the institutional work that made this process of radical change possible. At its core was the construction and deployment of a set of binary categorization devices. These are explored in the paper to argue that persistent and morally sophisticated institutional work is necessary to make radical change possible. Macro, meso and micro processes of institutional work operate in parallel, reinforcing each other and articulating utopian desire with local possibility. There is no single revolutionary event, no central scene to be represented. Together, leaders and followers at several levels participate in the processes of categorizing and managing the result of such categorizations. Categorizations of radical change have explicitly stigmatizing purposes and managing categorization/stigmatization is an important institutional work, instrumental for radical change.
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35.
SPORTAŠI KAO BREND Dubelj, Mihaela; Prlić, Lana
South Eastern European Journal of Communication,
12/2022, Volume:
4, Issue:
2
Journal Article, Paper
Open access
Sportaši su pored svojih profesionalnih karijera i osobe od utjecaja, a zahvaljujući društvenim mrežama omogućili su pristup svomu svakodnevnom životu svima koji ih žele pratiti. Sportski marketing
...predstavlja proces dizajniranja aktivnosti pri formiranju cijena, proizvodnji, promociji i distribuciji
sportskoga proizvoda. Sportski obožavatelji imaju svoje potrebe, ali i pogodnosti kao što su uzbuđenje, pripadnost grupi, ispunjavanje slobodnoga vremena, želja za prijateljskom ili obiteljskom aktivnošću, ugođaj utakmice, prijateljstvo s drugim obožavateljima, suparništvo protivničkih obožavatelja, gledanje tehničkih vještina sportaša ili sadržaji arene. Sportaši utječu na ispunjenje velika broja
marketinških ciljeva od bavljenja tim istim sportom do kupovine onoga što određene ličnosti promoviraju kao brend. Sportski marketing utječe na stvaranje brenda, ali i kult ličnosti sportaša. Osobni, a
naposljetku i brend marketing može biti pozitivan i negativan. Utjecaj sportaša u današnjemu dobu
proširio se izvan sportskih terena i natjecanja. Sportaši diktiraju modu, trend, stavove o životnim pitanjima i stvaraju kult ličnosti. Cilj je ovoga rada da se kvantitativnom metodom i analizom sadržaja
utvrde pozitivni i negativni aspekti osobnoga marketinga kroz analizu članaka i teorije. Posebno će
se obratiti pažnja na primjere svjetski poznatih sportaša koji su postali hodajući brend kao što su
David Beckham, Novak Đoković, Conor McGregor i Tiger Woods.
Ključne riječi: sportaši, brend, osobni marketing, kult ličnosti, utjecaj
Using Weber's concept of charismatic routinisation, this article analyses the dilemmas related to political succession and post-charismatic order in Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. While the ...presidents of these three countries have drawn their authority from a combination of charismatic, legal-rational and traditional authority, they have relied most heavily on charisma in particular to sustain their rule. With the presidents of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan aging and facing the question of political succession, the article provides an analysis of the problems associated with potential for post-charismatic succession in these states. It does so by drawing on three of Weber's mechanisms for charismatic routinisation: designation, hereditary charisma, and charisma in office. The analysis demonstrates that in these three cases, despite charisma only having two routes available to it, traditional and legal-rational, the mixture of legal-rational, traditional and charismatic domination undermines the process of charismatic routinisation. Consequently, the article argues that political succession in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan will most likely evolve into a reconstitution of charismatic leadership.
"Empathy" in Art History Imorde, Joseph; Elliott, Richard George
Art in translation,
12/2014, Volume:
6, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Joseph Imorde's essay places the aesthetics of empathy in the social context of Imperial Germany at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Through the psychological responses stimulated ...by the aesthetics of empathy, the general public, unburdened by any specialist understanding of art history, was empowered to experience the emotions generated by art. In the realm of art appreciation, emotion was to replace reason and knowledge. This opening up of art to a broader audience enhanced, in turn, the development of self-awareness and self-worth within the petit bourgeoisie, whose members were given access to the triumphs of such great artists as Rembrandt, Michelangelo, and Grünewald. The success of empathy theory in Germany was linked, argues Imorde, to a particular Gemütsimperialismus (spiritual imperialism), which in contrast to decadent France or mercantile Britain, identified Germany as a land of the spirit; a land of musicians, poets, and philosophers. (Author abstract)
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38.
"Empathy" in Art History Imorde, Joseph; Elliott, Richard George
Art in translation,
12/1/2014, 2014-12-00, 20141201, Volume:
6, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Joseph Imorde's essay places the aesthetics of empathy in the social context of Imperial Germany at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Through the psychological responses stimulated ...by the aesthetics of empathy, the general public, unburdened by any specialist understanding of art history, was empowered to experience the emotions generated by art. In the realm of art appreciation, emotion was to replace reason and knowledge. This opening up of art to a broader audience enhanced, in turn, the development of self-awareness and self-worth within the petit bourgeoisie, whose members were given access to the triumphs of such great artists as Rembrandt, Michelangelo, and Grünewald. The success of empathy theory in Germany was linked, argues Imorde, to a particular Gemütsimperialismus (spiritual imperialism), which in contrast to decadent France or mercantile Britain, identified Germany as a land of the spirit; a land of musicians, poets, and philosophers.
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A cult of personality is an eternally relevant historical and social topic. This paper will showcase the main elements of the cult of personality of Josip Broz Tito, the leader of Yugoslavia, and one ...of the most prominent historical figures in general. The meaning of the term ‘’cult of personality’’ will be explained, as well as the main elements that led to its establishment. Some of the elements, which were approved by most of the population of Yugoslavia and used for the establishment of Tito’s untouchable reign, will also be provided, as well as the ways in which they were used to achieve said reign.
From 1929 until 1953, Iosif Stalin’s image became a central symbol in Soviet propaganda. Touched up images of an omniscient Stalin appeared everywhere: emblazoned across buildings and lining the ...streets; carried in parades and woven into carpets; and saturating the media of socialist realist painting, statuary, monumental architecture, friezes, banners, and posters. From the beginning of the Soviet regime, posters were seen as a vitally important medium for communicating with the population of the vast territories of the USSR. Stalin’s image became a symbol of Bolshevik values and the personification of a revolutionary new type of society. The persona created for Stalin in propaganda posters reflects how the state saw itself or, at the very least, how it wished to appear in the eyes of the people. The ‘Stalin’ who was celebrated in posters bore but scant resemblance to the man Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, whose humble origins, criminal past, penchant for violent solutions and unprepossessing appearance made him an unlikely recipient of uncritical charismatic adulation. The Bolsheviks needed a wise, nurturing and authoritative figure to embody their revolutionary vision and to legitimate their hold on power. This leader would come to embody the sacred and archetypal qualities of the wise Teacher, the Father of the nation, the great Warrior and military strategist, and the Saviour of first the Russian land, and then the whole world. This book is the first dedicated study on the marketing of Stalin in Soviet propaganda posters. Drawing on the archives of libraries and museums throughout Russia, hundreds of previously unpublished posters are examined, with more than 130 reproduced in full colour. The personality cult of Stalin in Soviet posters, 1929–1953 is a unique and valuable contribution to the discourse in Stalinist studies across a number of disciplines.
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