After the fall of the communist regime, the economic migration increased significantly within the Romanian society, as people were seeking higher conditions of life in western countries. Being a ...major social phenomenon, the economic migration became a fre
The purpose of the article. The aim of the article is to determine whether there is a need to differentiate between countries in terms of the amount of aid they provide for the return of their ...citizens, and in which of the European countries a person can save the most and build up wealth in the fastest way.
Methodology. The study is based on historical data from 2016 to 2021 on average salaries, average cost of living, average price per square meter of housing in a country’s capital and the average price of a VW Golf IV car in 37 European countries.
Results of the research. In the general view of the study presented below, the countries to which economic migration can bring the most benefits are Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Denmark. On the other hand, countries that may not meet economic needs include North Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, and Albania. One can save the fastest per square meter of housing in Belgium, Iceland, and Switzerland. The fastest way for people to save money for a car is available in Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Great Britain.
Financial effect of remittances Dana Luiza GRIGORESCU
Theoretical and applied economics,
03/2024, Volume:
XXXI, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Open access
Remittances are those amounts obtained outside the country’s borders by economic immigrants in the first place. Remittances are a germ factor of economic migration. The assumptions of the ...statistical-econometric models used in migration analysis give a complete picture of the degree and complexity of migration in each country. Also, in these models that are described in detail in the article, the correlation that exists between emigration and remittances is highlighted. Of course, remittances as we know have an impact on economic growth in each country, but in order to reach clear conclusions on the basis of which national and international programs in this field can be planned, we must use methods, statistical-econometric models of analysis in the first turn of migration. Thus, it is about the neoclassical model that approaches the essence and reasons of migration at the macroeconomic level. On the other hand, there is also a neoclassical model that follows the microeconomic approach. This model represents a deepening of the neoclassical macroeconomic model. At the macroeconomic level, the analysis of remittances must be based on the volume of periodic transfers from the migrant to the family or other groups in the country in order to identify the effectiveness of these transfers, in order to be able to study the effect of migration on the income level of the population, but also on economic growth.
This paper reviews four decades of economics research on the brain drain, with a focus on recent contributions and on development issues. We first assess the magnitude, intensity, and determinants of ...the brain drain, showing that brain drain (or high-skill) migration is becoming a dominant pattern of international migration and a major aspect of globalization. We then use a stylized growth model to analyze the various channels through which a brain drain affects the sending countries and review the evidence on these channels. The recent empirical literature shows that high-skill emigration need not deplete a country's human capital stock and can generate positive network externalities. Three case studies are also considered: the African medical brain drain, the exodus of European scientists to the United States, and the role of the Indian diaspora in the development of India's information technology sector. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of the analysis for education, immigration, and international taxation policies in a global context.
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Immigration has been a steady force acting on population and employment within countries throughout human history. Focusing on the last four decades, we show that the mix of immigrants to rich ...countries has been, overall, rather balanced between college and non-college educated. The growth of immigration has been driven by immigrants from nonrich countries. The economic impact of immigration on receiving economies needs to be understood by analyzing the specific skills brought by immigrants. The complementarity and substitutability between immigrants and natives in employment, and the response of receiving economies in terms of specialization and technological choices, are important when considering the general equilibrium effects of immigration. In the United States, a balanced composition of immigrants between college and noncollege educated, together with the adjustment of demand and technology, imply that general equilibrium effects on relative and absolute wages have been small.
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The analysis undertaken in this article is of the migration of natural persons, self-employed and not self-employed, for economic (including tax) reasons, which has been recorded among the citizens ...of Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, and Vietnam. Tax migration, which is a type of economic migration of individuals, including those engaged in business, is one of the forms of reaction to taxes and tax reforms introduced in a country and the shape of the system of tax preferences. This study aims to examine the conditions of income taxation of individuals in the countries studied (Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, and Vietnam). The shape of the tax system has been or could be a premise for the migration of individuals from Poland to other countries, as well as from the countries studied to Poland. The reason for choosing these countries for the analysis of this phenomenon was the well-established scholarly cooperation of the Polish authors with authors representing public universities in Vietnam, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as the available statistical data confirming the fact that residents of these countries account for the largest number of permanent and temporary residence permits given in Poland. It was considered that a comparison of legal solutions to the income taxation of taxpayers in the indicated countries, given the significant level of migration to Poland, can lead to exciting conclusions due to the differences in their legal systems, economic development, and tax systems.
The purpose of our article is to examine how current East European migration to the UK has been racialized in immigration policy and tabloid journalism. The state's immigration policy, we argue, ...exhibits features of institutionalized racism that implicitly invokes shared whiteness as a basis of racialized inclusion. The tabloids, in contrast, tend toward cultural racism in their coverage of these migrations by explicitly invoking cultural difference as a basis of racialized exclusion. Our analysis focuses on two cohorts of migrants: Hungarians, representing the larger 2004 entrants, and Romanians, representing the smaller 2007 entrants. The processes of racialization we examine in this article reveal degrees of whiteness that give 'race' continued currency as an idiom for making sense of these migrations and the migrants that people them.
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Over the past 30 years, the label "economic migrant" has become widely used in British political discourse. Yet it has not been subject to sustained scrutiny. Those that have considered how it is ...used have predominantly focused on its relationship to asylum. In this paper, I build on such work by examining some of the core ways the "economic migrant" is conceptualized in British political discourse. Based on an analysis of Hansard data and select British newspapers between 1983 and 2021, this article establishes three common formulations of the label. Then, drawing on work related to Man, race, class and the economy, it argues that in different ways - in part, depending on different policy contexts - these usages produce distinct class-based forms of racialization that are grounded in ideas of economic otherness. The "economic" in "economic migrant" plays a central to justifying inclusion and exclusion on classed, racialized terms.
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What is the greatest single class of distortions in the global economy? One contender for this title is the tightly binding constraints on emigration from poor countries. Vast numbers of people in ...low-income countries want to emigrate from those countries but cannot. How large are the economic losses caused by barriers to emigration? Research on this question has been distinguished by its rarity and obscurity, but the few estimates we have should make economists' jaws hit their desks. The gains to eliminating migration barriers amount to large fractions of world GDP--one or two orders of magnitude larger than the gains from dropping all remaining restrictions on international flows of goods and capital. When it comes to policies that restrict emigration, there appear to be trillion-dollar bills on the sidewalk. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
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Explanations of relationships between migration and environmental change now focus on multiple interactions, risks in destination and immobility. This research applies behavioural migration theory to ...examine the extent to which immobile populations experiencing environmental degradation exercise agency with respect to location and, in doing so, elucidates what it means to be trapped. This research used individual survey data from a migrant-sending area in highland Peru where the population experiences negative health and livelihood impacts from climate-related phenomena. Analysis of these data reveals three reasons for non-migration: high levels of satisfaction, resource barriers and low mobility potential. Immobility in dissatisfied people is more likely to be caused by attachment to place than resource constraints. Thus, the results suggest that trapped populations exist along a continuum. This highlights the need for policy responses differentiated by the mobility characteristics and preferences of the individual. Caution, therefore, must be exercised when labelling populations as trapped and promoting relocation.
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