The conflict with the Communist Information Bureau and the severing of allied relations with the Soviet Union marked a turning point in the development of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. From ...being a loyal follower of the USSR, Communist Yugoslavia became the first country to develop its own path to socialism, and Josip Broz was the first Communist leader to say a historic no to Josef Vissarionovich Stalin. The consequences of this decision for the country were manifold, on a political, economic, military and social level. One of them was that repression was launched against anyone who expressed sympathy for the USSR or criticized the new Yugoslav policy. The result was the arrest and interrogation of thousands of people "for their real or alleged support for the Cominform" and their punishment and incarceration in prisons and camps throughout Yugoslavia. One of the most famous and notorious was the camp complex on the Adriatic Island of Goli Otok, which was set up for the very purpose of punishing "cominformers" from all over the country. In this paper, we have attempted to statistically analyze the structure of the Goli Otok prisoners from the Autonomous Region of Kosovo-Metohija (AKMO) based on the relevant literature and historical sources.
Since the 2010s, interest in Goli Otok has increased in the successor states of former Yugoslavia. Numerous artistic works deal with the former prison island in the Adriatic Sea, where supposed ...supporters of the Soviet Union were imprisoned after the break between Tito and Stalin in 1948. One of these works is the novel Danas je sreda (2017) by David Albahari. In the novel, the son learns about the past of his father, who was imprisoned on Goli Otok and now suffers from Parkinson's disease and dementia. However, the father is not only a victim but also a perpetrator himself: As a party commissioner, he acted brutally, and so he behaved within the family. The first-person narrator did not experience Goli Otok himself but became a secondary witness through his father's narrations. By exploring the narrative strategies for coping with the traumatic past in Danas je sreda, this article aims to shed light on the depiction of Goli Otok in contemporary literature from the region.
The paper brings new facts and analyses regarding the number and structure of political prisoners in Yugoslavia who were detained in labour camps and prisons as supporters of the Informbiro ...(“ibeovci”) from 1948 to 1956. Based on available documents from the archives of the secret police, today it is possible to determine the number as well as the ethnic, social and gender structure of the victims of the political persecution at Goli Otok and other camps. It is also possible to reconstruct very precisely the methodology of terror, the conditions of detention, and the role of the state institutions and parties in implementing persecution and conducting torture.
The subject of this research is the scientific contribution of the psychologist Petar Kostić, as an objective scientist, in the analysis and interpretation of the methodology of torture in the camp ...for political prisoners on Goli Otok, through the prism of psychology. Understanding the specific form of torture applied on Goli Otok is the main subject of research. According to the UN, torture or abuse is an act of intent to inflict pain, grievous physical suffering, or grievous mental suffering on a person for the purpose to obtain informations, confessions or the punishment for the act of which the person is suspected. The central part illuminates the theoretical determinations and the scientific model of the system of "self-directed" re-education in the Goli Otok, through the action of psychological behaviors as an experimental frame of the Skiner's type and brainwashing as a practical system of "self-directed" re-education. Nake Island is a poor, uninhabited island in the Adriatic Sea. Since 1949, Tito's non-believers, primarily supporters of Stalinism, nationalists, and a number of supporters of democratic movements and parties from the years immediately after the Communist Revolution were located on the Goli Otok island and St. Grgur, in a camp for Yugoslav political prisoners. Most of the buildings on the island are located between Mala Tetina Bay and Melna Bay. The last political prisoner was released in 1956. The theoretical framework that underlies this is the four basic backings of the personality of the clinical psychologist Professor dr. Joseph Berger. The paper discusses further topics related to the abuse of psychology in shaping human behavior, the composition and functioning of the system of "self-directed" upbringing, the psychological supportive personality system that implicitly starts from the psycho-ecological theory of human beings: body, belonging, thinking and purpose, faith and hope , Milgram's, Ashov's and Zimbard's experiments in "self-directed" re-education. Torture process is explained through five stages of brainwashing process explained by Skinner's method- reward and punishment. Selidman's concept of learned helplessness was also used to better understand the behavior of the Naked island prisoners. Through the Skinner's model, the techniques used in torture are explained and the effects they have on an individual's psychological functioning. At the end of the paper, the implications for mental health are explained and what, in some Naked island victims, helped them to survive and be functional after the torture they have survived.
The present contribution gives an overview of the prose by the Serbian writer Dragoslav Mihailović (1930) from the early
narratives to the documentary work
. This opus shows, as a whole, the ...following features: Mihailović tells whole life stories, which put more focus on action than on psychological description. Most of the stories are dominated by a subjective point of view and are marked linguistically (dialects, sociolects, vigorous colloquiality). Mihailović’s heroes are mostly on the social fringe, yet the view of these marginalized people is less socially critical than humanistic and individualistic. Most of the fictional characters are based on actual people, whom the writer got to know at close range in the course of his odyssey – the author has become an orphan at a young age and was put into prison on Goli otok island when he was barely 20 years old.
Goli Otok Prison Camp in the Intergenerational Relationship. The Case of Tiha Gudac’s Documentary Film Goli The issue this paper refers to concerns the camp for political prisoners established in ...1949 in Yugoslavia on the island of Goli otok. The primary objective of my article is to show that documentary films are a significant space for reflection on Goli otok camp. In the context of postmemory, particularly noteworthy is the film Goli from 2014, directed by Tiha K. Gudac, born in 1982. The analysis of this documentary is to present how the memory of the Goli otok prison camp works in the film and how it is transmitted. The film author belongs to the generation of the descendants of Goli otok prisoners. Goli is an attempt to confront the inherited traumatic experience of her grandfather, which – although hushed and hidden for the rest of his life – directly affected the family relationships.
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Life on Goli otok Through Tattoos Zaja, Nikola; Uzun, Suzana; Kozumplik, Oliver ...
Socijalna psihijatrija,
3/2018, Volume:
46, Issue:
1
Journal Article
The island Goli otok (north Adriatic, Croatia) cultural landscape is a complex system of interactions between people and nature, which has arisen through the anthropogenic use of this unique natural ...space with the aim of implementing ideas of the ideological re-education of political prisoners between 1949 and 1956, and the punishment of criminals and some political prisoners between 1956 and 1988. The most significant elements of the cultural landscape of the island are comprised of the anthropogenic structures of the political prison camp which deliberately used the natural features of the landscape in such a way as to enable methods of coercion of prisoners, which finally resulted in the unique identity of the space as a unit.
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At the end of May 1950, the Gornja Radgona department of the State Security Administration (UDV Gornja Radgona) arrested Ivan Štrafela Don, and the Party’s district committee questioned him and ...accused him of overt action against the state as a Cominform member. He admitted almost all of the actions he was being accused of and was willing to present them before the workers and the members of the Party as well. At the end of October 1950, after being expelled from the Party, the District Court in Maribor sentenced him to eight years of imprisonment with forced labour and five years of loss of civil and political rights. The attempts of the convict’s wife to achieve a lower punishment were unsuccessful; however, Štrafela was nonetheless pardoned in 1955, and he returned home. He did less demanding and responsible work in the industry and local politics, but he remained under surveillance and was preventively detained during Tito’s visit in the Pomurje region (in 1966 and 1969). His wife’s attempts to achieve a revision of the procedure after his death (1986) were unsuccessful between 1999 and 2001.
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