Eighteenth and nineteenth century philosophers took interest in humour and, in particular, humorous incongruities. Humour was not necessarily their main interest; however, observations on humour ...could support their more general philosophical theories. Spontaneous and unintentional humour such as anecdotes, witty remarks and absurd events were the styles of humour that they analysed and made part of their theories. Prepared humour such as verbal jokes were rarely included in their observations, likely dismissed as too vulgar and not requiring intellectual effort. Humour, as analysed by several eighteenth and nineteenth century philosophers, was seen as part of daily life or life simulated on stage. In the twentieth century, Freud emphasized a possible ‘relief’ function of ‘prepared’ humour such as jokes. Additionally, linguists began developing theories to analyse jokes. A joke has a particular structure that is constructed with the aim of achieving a humorous effect. This structure makes jokes suitable for linguistic analysis. In the present-day humour research, jokes have become a main topic of research. This linguistically oriented joke research neglects many other forms of humour: spontaneous humour, non-verbal humour, physical humour, and many forms of unintentional humour that appear in real life. We want to survey and re-evaluate the contributions to the humour research of these eighteenth, nineteenth and early twentieth century philosophers and clarify that their more general contributions to the humour research have been neglected in favour of the very restricted form of prepared humour and linguistically expressed and analysed humour as it appears in jokes. We hope that the views expressed in this paper will help to steer the humour research away from joke research and help to integrate humour in the design of human-computer interfaces and smart environments. That is, rather than considering only verbal jokes, we should aim at generating smart environments that understand, facilitate or create humour that goes beyond jokes.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The purpose of this study was to examine humour from the perspectives of 60-72-month-old children and their teachers in Turkey. A phenomenological method was used to collect data through ...semi-structured interviews, which included each child making a drawing about something they thought was ‘funny’. Teachers were also interviewed via semi-structured questions related to children’s humour. Data collected from 22 children and five teachers were analysed using McGhee’s humour development theory and Martin’s descriptions of four humour styles. The humour produced by our sample mainly included items related to incongruity. Teachers described children’s humour development in terms of how the children behaved within their social group, and some believing that children who do not make jokes about their peers, have no humour development. Our findings pointed to a lack of awareness of the benefits of humour to the learning process and early years’ education, particularly with teachers needing to account for age, developmental level and cultural differences.
A radical new approach to humor, where traditional targets become its agents Humor is often dismissed as cruel ridicule or harmless fun. But what if laughter is a vital force to channel rage against ...patriarchy, Islamophobia, or mass incarceration? To create moments of empathy and dialogue between Black Lives Matter and the police? These and other such questions are at the heart of this powerful reassessment of humor. Placing theorists in conversation with comedians,Uproarious offers a full-frontal approach to the very foundation of comedy and its profound political impact. Here Cynthia Willett and Julie Willett address the four major theories of humor-superiority, relief, incongruity, and social play-through the lens of feminist and game-changing comics such as Wanda Sykes, Margaret Cho, Hannah Gadsby, Hari Kondabolu, and Tig Notaro. They take a radical and holistic approach to the understanding of humor, particularly of humor deployed by those from groups long relegated to the margins, and propose a powerful new understanding of humor as a force that can engender politically progressive social movements. Drawing on a range of cross-disciplinary sources, from philosophies and histories of humor to the psychology and physiology of laughter to animal studies,Uproarious offers a richer understanding of the political and cathartic potential of humor. A major new contribution to a wider dialogue on comedy, Uproarious grounds for us explorations of outsider humor and our golden age of feminist comics-showing that when women, prisoners, even animals, laugh back, comedy along with belly laughs forge new identities and alter the political climate.
Winning battles with a joke Sumagna Bhowmick; Vijaya R
European journal of humour research,
03/2023, Volume:
11, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Humour in military organizations can be antithetical given the rigid hierarchy, high degrees of work formalization, and obedience to hierarchy. This paper explores how humour is initiated, propagated ...and maintained in the Indian Army. We conducted twelve in-depth interviews with retired army professionals and used Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis to capture the study's main findings. Three major themes emerged – organizational humour, leader humour, and team humour. We found humour is essential in combating stress, increasing social cohesion, facilitating newcomer assimilation, and promoting a positive work environment. We also found evidence of subversive humour used in forms of resistance to challenge the hierarchical structure subtly. We have provided a three-part schema of workplace humour which sheds interesting insights on workplace humour. Our findings will contribute to understanding how military humour helps to maneuver challenges of a stressful work situation.
Defines why women have been blocked from participating in the mainstream of American comedy yet have overcome hurdles to produce a humor that is sustaining and spells survival for women in society.
Fıkralar farklı mizah tarzlarını barındıran edebiyat ürünleridir. Martin ve arkadaşları bireylerin dört mizah tarzı kullandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Bunlar; katılımcı, kendini geliştirici, saldırgan ...ve kendini yıkıcı mizah tarzlarıdır. Bu mizah tarzlarından ikisi olumlu ikisi ise olumsuzdur. İnsanlar farklı mizah tarzlarını kullanarak, kişilerarası ilişkilerde değişik işlevlerde bulunurlar. Fıkra, mizahın en önemli unsurlarından biridir. Türk kültüründe yer alan en önemli fıkra tiplerinden biri Bektaşî’dir. Bektaşî kültürü içinde oluşan bu fıkralar, yerel ve evrensel değerlere sahiptir. Bu fıkralarda gülmeye neden olan en önemli durum uyumsuzluktur. Bektaşî fıkralarında belli tipler bulunmaktadır. Bu tiplerin temsil ettikleri belli davranışlar vardır. Bu çalışmada Bektaşî fıkralarının olumlu ve olumsuz mizah tarzları kapsamında incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma doküman incelemesi tekniği ile yapılmıştır. Yapılan incelemede farklı fıkralarda değişik mizah tarzlarının kullanıldığı gözlenmiştir. Bektaşî fıkralarında katılımcı, kendini geliştirici, saldırgan ve kendini yıkıcı mizah tarzlarıyla ilgili birçok temaya rastlanmaktadır. Katılımcı mizah tarzının kullanıldığı Bektaşî fıkralarında kişilerarası ilişkilerin geliştirilmesi amaçlanır. Bektaşî tipi, bu mizah tarzını kullanarak farklı inanç ve düşünceye sahip olan kişilerle sağlıklı etkileşim kurar. Bektaşî fıkralarındaki kendini geliştirici mizah tarzı ile birey pozitif yönde gelişir. Bektaşî kendisiyle temas kurduğunda bu tarzı sıklıkla kullanır. Bektaşî, saldırgan mizahı kullanarak diğerlerini alaya alır ve eleştirir. Yıkıcı mizah tarzı ile de kendini aşağılar ve kendi zayıflıkları ile alay eder. Bektaşi fıkralarında olumlu mizah tarzlarıyla ilgili temalara daha sık rastlanmaktadır. Bu durum Bektaşi fıkralarının kişisel gelişimi ve sosyal etkileşimi destekleme işlevini ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Buna karşı saldırgan ve kendini yıkıcı mizah tarzlarıyla ilişkilendirilen fıkralardaki temaların da daha ılımlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durum Bektaşi fıkralarının insancıl bir temele sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
This paper considers the alleged incompatibility of humour and religion, identifies the need for a multifaceted approach to the study of humour and religion, and spotlights important scholarship on ...humour and religion. It also outlines how this special issue emerged from an online symposium organized by the editors (Nicole Graham and Paul S Martin) in 2020 titled: The Sacred and The Profanity: Humour, Religion and Ritual, hosted by the University of Bristol and the University of Kent and introduces the various papers which are spread across both the globe and historical periods and which engage various media.
This study investigates international users’ reception of a dark-humour meme tweeted by Ukraine’s governmental Twitter (X) account on 7 December 2021 as part of its exceptional cultural practice of ...posting humorous memes. Tweeters’ responses to the ‘headaches meme’ are examined through a discourse-analytic lens. An emphasis is placed on the appreciation of the humour (emanating from the meme or its contextual embedding) and other forms of humour support demonstrated by its online indicators. The overarching aim is to distil and compare user reactions to the meme in two sociopolitical contexts—before and after the invasion of Ukraine that Russia mounted on 24 February 2022—based on two equal quote tweet samples. While the findings reveal a relative decrease in humour appreciation after the invasion, the same diversified reactions encompassing humour support or its lack and politically polarised discourses making for participatory digital warfare are detected in both parts of the dataset.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Vituperation, disparagement, and debasement seem to have become part of the mainstream discourse in contemporary US-American media culture. Zooming in on a distinct televisual comedy genre, Katja ...Schulze explores the formal principles, media-specific realizations, and the cultural work of disparagement in contemporary female-led situation comedies. Subsequently, larger patterns of (gender-based) invective strategies and conventions that define the dynamism of this comedic genre come into view. Her study outlines case studies of popular sitcoms, like Parks and Recreation, Mike & Molly, and the revival of hit-sitcom Roseanne, thereby unearthing how the shows are able to stage humor as mass-mediated deprecation - a signifying practice with its own poetics and politics.
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