This study aims to find Chinese-style buildings and architectural factors manifested in those buildings by paying attention to Chinese-style buildings centered on buildings used in the palaces and ...royal family houses in Joseon Korea during the 19th century. Although the influences of Qing on the late Joseon Dynasty have been researched in history studies, anthropology, and literature, research in architecture is greatly lacking. However, in the late Joseon Dynasty, changes in the recognition of the culture of Qing China resulted in demonstrable influences of the architecture of the Qing on the features of some buildings, such as the use of Chinese-style bricks, Gyeongsan Jibung, Gwonbung Jibung, Jeonchug Bagpung, Wonchang, Siheyuan, and Yeongjocheok. Those Chinese-style elements, however, appeared only in particular Joseon buildings, such as the palaces and houses of aristocratic class who maintained contacts with the Qing. This research was performed through field research of Korean and Chinese buildings related to the diverse literature review and primary historical materials. The absorption of foreign styles, especially the Chinese style, in architecture in the late Joseon Dynasty is presumed to have alleviated the cultural shock that occurred in the process of accommodating western architecture after the country was opened.
This study deals with the German community in Korea between the conclusion of Korea’s first international treaties in the early 1880s and the country’s annexation by the Japanese Empire in 1910 in ...the context of transnational and global history. In the decades around 1900 the circulation of people, ideas, goods and capital beyond and across the national borders increased. The Korean peninsula has gradually integrated into global economic and political processes. The result of it became the formation of the European community in Joseon (Choson). The German community in Korea made up of diplomats, foreign experts hired by the Korean government as well as merchants and missionaries. They were individuals who defined themselves as bourgeois (or middle-class) who actively interacted with representatives of the Korean elites, becoming agents of an imperialist policy in East Asia. German citizens influenced the development of German-Korean relations contributing into the cultural dialogue between the two countries and the subsequent modernization of Joseon.
We studied linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in cranial series representative of Eurasian farmers with divergent lifestyles and natural environments: Siberian Russian settlers and Joseon dynasty people. ...The teeth of Siberian settlers and Joseon people of the 16th–19th centuries were examined in this study. We inspected specimens to detect signs of LEH, and the intergroup prevalence was statistically compared. The proportions of LEH were compared by age and sex across each group. Statistical analysis was performed with R software. Russian settlers’ LEH incidence per individual was 4.1% (3/73), whereas that of the Joseon people was 61.5% (56/91). In the case of LEH per tooth, Russian settlers and Joseon Koreans exhibited rates of 1.9% (24/1297) and 16.8% (336/2001), respectively. The statistical difference in the incidence of LEH between the two groups was highly significant (per individual: P = 9.188 × 10–14; per tooth: P < 2.2 × 10–16). The prevalence of LEH was observed to be much higher in the Joseon population than in the West Siberian settlers. In conclusion, we hypothesize that East Asian people’s physiological stress in childhood was far higher than that of Russian settlers. Historical LEH frequency on the Eurasian continent was truly diverse, possibly due to divergent stress conditions affecting different groups of people.
This paper presents the results of a bibliometric analysis undertaken on Joseon gogo yeongu (Joseon Archaeological Research), North Korea's preeminent archaeology journal, providing information on ...the researchers, institutions, and research topics that have come to form the field of archaeological research in North Korea since the mid-1980s. Deviating from previous analyses of Joseon gogo yeongu, this paper focuses on the authors that contributed to Joseon gogo yeongu, identifying the archaeologists that have been most active in publishing articles. This particular method of establishing the key figures of North Korean archaeology reveals the presence of certain archaeologists whose importance has been overlooked within the South Korean discourse on North Korean archaeology. In addition, by tracing the research topics of these key figures over time, a broad understanding of the field of archaeological research in North Korea can be obtained. Information on institutional affiliations and co-authorships present within Joseon gogo yeongu also provide valuable insights into the workings of North Korean academia. Finally, by visualizing the results of the bibliometric analysis using word clouds and networks, the efficacy of Digital Humanities approaches to large data sets is demonstrated.
Corea del Sur cuenta ya con una trayectoria larga en el campo de las Humanidades Digitales y, aunque las primeras iniciativas no se concebían como producción intelectual con proyección exterior, a ...principios del siglo XXI esto comienza a cambiar y surgen proyectos como el Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty (조선왕조실록). Se trata de un proyecto oficial gestionado por el Gobierno Surcoreano en el que se pone a disposición pública los más de 2000 libros que componen los Anales de la Dinastía Joseon, recogidos entre los siglos XV y XIX. Este proyecto representa un ejemplo claro de transversalidad dentro de las Humanidades Digitales, con un público objetivo variado e ideado para tener un impacto generalizado, lejos de convertirse en una fuente de información restringida o incluso desconocida para aquellos individuos que puedan mostrar interés por los Anales de la Dinastía Joseon.
Prof. Dr. Jocelyn Clark is an assistant professor at Pai Chai University in South Korea. She has published in academic journals such as The World of Music, Asian Musicology, and Perspectives on ...Korean Music. Her research interests include orality, music of place, and contemporary “national music” performance practices in Korea, China, and Japan. She is engaged in long-term field research on sanjo and byeongchang, Korean traditional genres of which she is also a practitioner. She commissioned and/or premiered over 30 new works for Korean gayageum.
We studied linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in cranial series representative of Eurasian farmers with divergent lifestyles and natural environments: Siberian Russian settlers and Joseon dynasty ...people. The teeth of Siberian settlers and Joseon people of the 16th–19th centuries were examined in this study. We inspected specimens to detect signs of LEH, and the intergroup prevalence was statistically compared. The proportions of LEH were compared by age and sex across each group. Statistical analysis was performed with R software. Russian settlers’ LEH incidence per individual was 4.1% (3/73), whereas that of the Joseon people was 61.5% (56/91). In the case of LEH per tooth, Russian settlers and Joseon Koreans exhibited rates of 1.9% (24/1297) and 16.8% (336/2001), respectively. The statistical difference in the incidence of LEH between the two groups was highly significant (per individual: P = 9.188 × 10–14; per tooth: P < 2.2 × 10–16). The prevalence of LEH was observed to be much higher in the Joseon population than in the West Siberian settlers. In conclusion, we hypothesize that East Asian people’s physiological stress in childhood was far higher than that of Russian settlers. Historical LEH frequency on the Eurasian continent was truly diverse, possibly due to divergent stress conditions affecting different groups of people.
After providing a brief description of a few distinct features of Goryeo society (918-1392), this essay outlines the major stages of Korea’s Confucianization during the Joseon dynasty (1392-1910): ...the restructuring of the bilateral Goryeo descent groups, the introduction of Confucian institutions such as ancestor worship, inheritance practices, the changing status of women, and the ensuing development of patrilineal descent groups. It emphasizes that in spite of the fact that a strict Confucian socio-political order eventually emerged, remnants of Goryeo bilaterality survived sufficiently clearly to make it problematic to speak of a full Confucianization of Korean society. It concludes with briefly considering developments in the presentday Republic of Korea.
Lactase non-persistence (LNP), one of the causes of lactose intolerance, is related to lactase gene associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Since the frequency of LNP varies by ethnic ...group and country, the research to reveal the presence or absence of LNP for specific people has been conducted worldwide. However, in East Asia, the study of lactase gene associated SNPs have not been sufficiently examined so far using ancient human specimens from archaeological sites. In our study of Joseon period human remains (n=14), we successfully revealed genetic information of lactase gene associated SNPs (rs1679771596, rs41525747, rs4988236, rs4988235, rs41380347, rs869051967, rs145946881 and rs182549), further confirming that as for eight SNPs, the pre-modern Korean people had a lactase non-persistent genotype. Our report contributes to the establishment of LNP associated SNP analysis technique that can be useful in forthcoming studies on human bones and mummy samples from East Asian archaeological sites.
Some types of literature created in the Islamic world and Europe during the medieval period describe Goryeo’s topography as an island or a group of islands instead of a peninsula. Such records have ...been mentioned several times in diverse fields, including history, geography, and cartography. This study reviewed medieval Islamic literature and European literature published in the Islamic world and Europe, respectively, over hundreds of years. It organized records describing Goryeo, as well as Silla and Joseon—kingdoms established before and after Goryeo, respectively—as an island or group of islands and analyzed the background that caused medieval Arab and European people to regard these places as such. The analytical results indicate that the background for medieval Arab and European people’s perception of the Korean Peninsula as an island or group of islands differed by region and period. This study’s results suggest that these inaccurate records on Silla, Goryeo, and Joseon were created because writers who never traveled to the Korean Peninsula referred to false knowledge passed down from their ancestors and unreliable information directly or indirectly obtained from adjacent countries. They mixed fictitious and factual stories when writing their books.
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