Crete, 20 May 1941: the first campaign-sized airborne assault is launched. Many books have been written about this famous invasion, with the emphasis mainly on the battles for Maleme and Chania. The ...Battle for Heraklion - an epic struggle - remained largely forgotten and widely unstudied. Yet the desperate fight for Heraklion had everything: street-fighting in the town; heroic attacks against well-fortified positions and medieval walls; heavy losses on all sides; and tragic stories involving famous German aristocratic families like the von Blüchers and members of the Bismarck family. This book highlights personal stories and accounts - and the author's access to records from all three sides allowed accounts to be placed in their correct place and time. Finally, the history of the battle is written with the added perspective of extensive Greek accounts and sources. In contrast, earlier books were based solely on British and German sources - totally ignoring the Greek side. Many of these accounts are from people who were fighting directly against each other - and some reveal what the enemies were discussing and thinking while they were shooting at or attacking each other. Some accounts are so accurate and detailed that we can even identify who killed whom. In addition, long-lost stories behind both well known and previously unpublished pictures are revealed. For the first time, 75 year-old mysteries are solved: what were the names of the paratroopers in the planes seen crashing in famous pictures? What was the fate of soldiers seen in pictures taken just before the battle? The author has studied the battlefield in every detail - thus giving the reader the opportunity to understand actions and incidents by examining what happened on the actual field of battle. For example, how was it possible for a whole platoon to be trapped and annihilated, as in the fate of Wolfgang Graf von Blücher? Such a question is not easily answered even by people with a military background. How was it possible for the paratroopers to fail in their attempt to occupy the town? The answers to questions like these became very clear when the author walked through the battlefields - following the accounts of the people from all sides who had fought there and which describe the same incidents. The author's extensive research is vividly presented via detailed maps and photographs, both from the era of the battle and today; even battlefield archaeology plays a role in revealing what really happened on the battlefield. The author's approach addresses two different types of readers: those who are largely unfamiliar with the battle - hence the emphasis on personal stories, accounts and pictures - and the researcher who wants a reliable source of first-hand material and perhaps a different point of view, such as is offered by Greek accounts and sources (and by the writer's detailed analysis of the battle). This fresh account of one of the Second World War's most memorable battles is given added authority by the writer's military background, together with his deep knowledge of the battlefield and his access to Greek accounts and sources.
Past research has demonstrated that island tourism is mainly developed along the coast, and that hinterland areas face inherent disadvantages in developing their tourism industry. Peripherality; ...rurality; limited infrastructure and facilities; and the increasing demand of international tourists for beach holidays have shown that the alternatives of hinterland areas for ‘touristisation’ and self-sustaining growth are limited. In effect, rural population tends to leave their birthplaces and migrate to the cities and the coastal resorts in the search for better life and employment opportunities. All the above issues reported in tourism literature are evident in Crete. Through a literature review and a statistical analysis it was found that in Crete there is an unequal distribution of tourist spending and accentuated regional imbalances with the vast majority of tourism activity concentrated on the coast and economic activity in the hinterland mainly directed to agriculture. Bearing all these in mind, it is the aim of this paper to study the development gap between the hinterland and the coast and provide recommendations for bridging this gap.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Roman Crete Francis, Jane E; Kouremenos, Anna
2016, 20160531, 2015-11-30
eBook
The last several decades have seen a dramatic increase in interest in the Roman period on the island of Crete. Ongoing and some long-standing excavations and investigations of Roman sites and ...buildings, intensive archaeological survey of Roman areas, and intensive research on artifacts, history, and inscriptions of the island now provide abundant data for assessing Crete alongside other Roman provinces. New research has also meant a reevaluation of old data in light of new discoveries, and the history and archaeology of Crete is now being rewritten. The breadth of topics addressed by the papers in this volume is an indication of Crete’s vast archaeological potential for contributing to current academic issues such as Romanization/acculturation, climate and landscape studies, regional production and distribution, iconographic trends, domestic housing, economy and trade, and the transition to the late-Antique era. These papers confirm Crete’s place as a fully realized participant in the Roman world over the course of many centuries but also position it as a newly discovered source of academic inquiry.
This book presents an archaeological study of Crete in transition from the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age (c. 4000 to 3000 BC) within the broader South Aegean context. The study, based on the ...author's own fieldwork, contains a gazetteer ofover 170sites. The material from these sites will prompt archaeologists in Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East to reconsider their understanding of the foundation of Bronze Age civilization in the Aegean.
Das vorliegende Buch ist eine Studie zur Institutionalisierung im frühen Griechenland. Dieses Thema wird mit Blick auf das archaische Kreta behandelt, der wohl besten Fallstudie für eine solche ...Analyse. Denn anhand des reichen kretischen Materials– der Befunde literarischer wie archäologischer Zeugnisse, vor allem aber der Vielzahl von Inschriften aus dem 7. bis 5. Jh.– ist es, wie für keine andere Gegend des griechischen Raumes, möglich, Licht auf einige der zentralen Fragen dieser Epoche zu werfen: so etwa, welche soziopolitischen Integrationskreise in den frühen Polisgemeinschaften sinnhaft waren, und unter welchen Umständen die Teilhabe der Bürger am Gemeinwesen vorangetrieben wurde; wie politische Prominenzrollen und Beschlussverfahren reguliert und verstetigt wurden; und schließlich, welche Strategien erprobt wurden, mit sozialen Konflikten in der Gemeinschaft umzugehen.
A shared world Greene, Molly
2000., 20020311, 2002, 2000, c2000., 2000-01-01, 20000101, Volume:
19
eBook
Here Molly Greene moves beyond the hostile "Christian" versus "Muslim" divide that has colored many historical interpretations of the early modern Mediterranean, and reveals a society with a far ...richer set of cultural and social dynamics. She focuses on Crete, which the Ottoman Empire wrested from Venetian control in 1669. Historians of Europe have traditionally viewed the victory as a watershed, the final step in the Muslim conquest of the eastern Mediterranean and the obliteration of Crete's thriving Latin-based culture. But to what extent did the conquest actually change life on Crete? Greene brings a new perspective to bear on this episode, and on the eastern Mediterranean in general. She argues that no sharp divide separated the Venetian and Ottoman eras because the Cretans were already part of a world where Latin Christians, Muslims, and Eastern Orthodox Christians had been intermingling for several centuries, particularly in the area of commerce.
Greene also notes that the Ottoman conquest of Crete represented not only the extension of Muslim rule to an island that once belonged to a Christian power, but also the strengthening of Eastern Orthodoxy at the expense of Latin Christianity, and ultimately the Orthodox reconquest of the eastern Mediterranean. Greene concludes that despite their religious differences, both the Venetian Republic and the Ottoman Empire represented the ancien régime in the Mediterranean, which accounts for numerous similarities between Venetian and Ottoman Crete. The true push for change in the region would come later from Northern Europe.
Liczbowanie stron również: 24-40
Taxa in Latin
W nagł. odmienna nazwa i numeracja serii: Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis - Vol. 2, Nr 2. 1 II 24
W serii gł.: Prace Zoologiczne ...Polskiego Państwowego Muzeum Przyrodniczego = Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis ; t. 2, z. 2
Liczbowanie stron również: S. 24-40
Nazwy taksonów również w jęz. łac.
W nagł. odmienna nazwa i numeracja serii: Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis - Vol. 2, Nr 2. 1 II 24
W serii gł.: Prace Zoologiczne Polskiego Państwowego Muzeum Przyrodniczego = Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis ; t. 2, z. 2
Abstract in Polish. Taxa in Latin
Liczbowanie stron również: 9-23
W nagł. odmienna nazwa i numeracja serii: Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis - Vol. 2, Nr 2. 1 II 24
W serii gł.: ...Prace Zoologiczne Polskiego Państwowego Muzeum Przyrodniczego = Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis ; t. 2, z. 2
Liczbowanie stron również: S. 9-23
Streszcz. pol., nazwy taksonów również w jęz. łac.
W nagł. odmienna nazwa i numeracja serii: Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis - Vol. 2, Nr 2. 1 II 24
W serii gł.: Prace Zoologiczne Polskiego Państwowego Muzeum Przyrodniczego = Annales Zoologici Musei Polonici Historiae Naturalis ; t. 2, z. 2
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