U Republici Hrvatskoj svinjsko se meso rado konzumira, a njegova potrošnja po stanovniku iznosi oko 50 kg. Svinjsko meso zastupljeno je više od nekih drugih vrsta mesa, što je posebice izraženo u ...području Panonske Hrvatske. Zbog nedavne pojave afričke svinjske kuge (ASK) u Republici Hrvatskoj i provedaba mjera sprječavanja širenja bolesti, došlo je do poremećaja tržišta i potrošačkih preferencija. Upravo zbog toga cilj je rada ispitati utjecaj pojave ASK-e na potrošačke preferencije i stavove ispitanika prema svinjskome mesu. Za prikupljanje podataka primijenjena je metoda ankete, a kao instrument je korišten anketni upitnik. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od n = 100 potrošača svinjskoga mesa iz Panonske Hrvatske. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da u slučaju 19 varijabla (vezanih uz osjećaj sigurnosti i kvalitetu mesa, informiranost i stavove potrošača pri kupnji mesa te utjecaj ASK-e na tržište), postoje najmanje dvije skupine ispitanika koje se statistički značajno razlikuju s obzirom na sociodemografske varijable i upoznatosti ispitanika s pojmom ASK-a, zabrinutost za širenje, informiranje javnosti i suzbijanje širenja bolesti. U provedenoj anketi natpolovičan broj ispitanika (54 %) konzumira svinjetinu 2 – 3 puta tjedno, 51 % ispitanika u potpunosti je upoznato s pojmom ASK-a, 37 % je donekle upoznato, a 12 % nije upoznato ili nije imalo informacije. Većina ispitanika kao izvor informacija o ASK-i navodi televiziju i internet (94 %). Dio ispitanika (37 %) smatra da su nadležne institucije adekvatno informirale javnost o pojavi ASK-e, 25 % ih smatra da su nadležne institucije donekle adekvatno informirale javnost o toj pojavi, a 22 % ispitanika smatra da javnost nije adekvatno informirana. Većina ispitanika (72 %) je svjesna da ASK ne predstavlja rizik za ljude, a 92 % ispitanika se izjasnilo da nije promijenilo svoje navike kupnje i konzumacije svinjskoga mesa zbog straha od bolesti.
In the Republic of Croatia, pork is widely consumed, and its consumption per inhabitant amounts to approximately 50 kg. Pork is eaten more than some other types of meat, which is particularly noticeable in the area of Pannonian Croatia. Due to the recent appearance of African swine fever (ASF) in the Republic of Croatia and the implementation of measures to prevent the spread of the disease, market disturbances and changes in consumer preferences have been noted. Precisely due to these facts, the paper aims to examine the impact of the occurrence of ASF on consumer preferences and respondents’ attitudes toward pork. A survey method was applied for data collection, and a survey questionnaire was used as an instrument. The research was conducted on a sample of n = 100 pork consumers from Pannonian Croatia. The research results prove that, in case of 19 variables (related to the feeling of safety and the quality of meat, consumer awareness, and attitudes when buying meat, and the ASF market impact), there were at least two groups of respondents that statistically significantly differ regarding the sociodemographic variables and knowledge about the term ASF, disease spread concern, public awareness, and disease spread control. In the conducted survey, more than half of the respondents (54%) consumed pork 2–3 times a week, 51% of respondents were fully familiar with the term ASF, 37% were somewhat familiar, and 12% were unfamiliar therewith, or had no information thereabout. As a source of information about ASF, a majority of respondents mentioned television and the Internet (94%). A part of the respondents (37%) believed that the competent institutions had adequately informed the public about the emergence of ASF, 25% agreed to some extent, and 22% of the respondents believed that the public was not adequately informed. The majority of respondents (72%) was aware that ASF did not pose a risk to humans, and 92% of respondents declared that they had not changed their habits of buying and consuming pork due to a fear of the disease.
This article aims at clarifying the influence of Joseph de Maistre on the monarchical idea of Kuga Katsunan. Whereas the first generation of Japanese intellectuals in the Meiji era like Fukuzawa ...Yukichi tried to unconditionally absorb and assimilate European ideas and knowledge, Kuga Katsunan learned from de Maistre how to resist the Europeanisation of Japan. Kuga's nationalism maintained Japan's 'independence' without, however, rejecting European ideas and knowledge, and considered Japanese nationalist ideas and knowledge as the new ones that were born internally from the spontaneous development of a set of Japanese traditional ideas and knowledge. These values derive, concretely, from the communitarianism of knowledge that Maistre developed against the individualism of the Enlightenment. According to Joseph de Maistre's thought on the sovereign, the sovereign's function consists in connecting all nations to their national reason. This thought influences Kuga's ideas on the emperor of Japan: his emphasis on Japan's 'unbroken line of emperors', on the emperor's coordination of three political powers, on the Constitution's superiority to the emperor, and on the emperor's lack of any particular inclination.
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Poredbom
dubrovačkih izvora za drugu polovinu 14. stoljeća ustanovljeno je da se
kroničarski opisi epidemija koje su u to vrijeme pogodile Dubrovnik moraju
uzimati s rezervom. Nužna je provjera ...podataka koje donose dubrovačke kronike,
i to poglavito sučeljavanjem s podacima sadržanim u suvremenim zapisnicima
dubrovačkih vijeća. Nažalost, za dio godina u promatranom razdoblju ti
zapisnici nisu sačuvani, no kao „kontrolni element” provjere točnosti
kroničarskih zapisa mogu poslužiti oporuke, čija je brojnost rasla upravo u
godinama kad je Grad pogodila epidemija.
A comparison of various Dubrovnik sources relevant for
the second half of the 14th century has established that the chroniclers’
records of epidemics that struck Dubrovnik during that time must be taken with
a grain of salt. It is necessary to double-check the data provided by the
Dubrovnik chronicles, especially by juxtaposing them with the information
provided by the minutes of Dubrovnik’s councils from the same period.
Unfortunately, such records have not been preserved for a part of the observed
period, but last wills can be used as another “corrective” for the accuracy of the
chroniclers’ records, as their number increased in the years when the City was
struck by the epidemic.
Divlja je svinja jedna od najstarijih preživjelih vrsti životinja na euroazijskom području. Danas je proširena u Europi, Aziji, Africi, a uvedena je i na područje Sjeverne Amerike. Zbog svoje visoke ...prilagodljivosti, klimatskih promjena, načina gospodarenja lovištima i malog broja prirodnih neprijatelja, divlja je svinja najmanje ugrožena vrsta životinja i njezin broj sustavno raste. Danas ona predstavlja ugrozu poljoprivrednicima kojima nanosi štete, a zbog hrane ulazi i u prigradska te gradska okružja. Prepoznata je za jednog od najznačajnijih rezervoara virusnih infekcija životinja, ali i nekih zoonoza. Naime, divlja svinja može doći neposredno i posredno u dodir s domaćim životinjama te na taj način prenijeti uzročnike virusnih infekcija. Obzirom da je lov jedna od važnijih turističkih ponuda Hrvatske, a divlja svinja jedna od najtrofejnijih divljih životinja, dodir divlje svinje s ljudima može ugroziti i zdravlje ljudi. U ovom smo radu opisali ulogu divljih svinja pri prijenosu najznačajnijih virusnih infekcija u svinjogojskoj industriji Europe, poput šireće afričke svinjske kuge te nama poznate klasične svinjske kuge i za druge vrste životinja poput bolesti Aujeszkoga. Opisali smo i značenje divlje svinje kao rezervoara virusa hepatitisa E, danas sve značajnije zoonoze. Ujedno je dat osvrt na moguću pojavnost navedenih infekcija ili njihovu prisutnost u divljih svinja s područja Republike Hrvatske.
Slavonija i Srijem, kao pogranična područja
Dunavske Monarhije, kroz čitavo XVIII. stoljeće su bili izloženi osmanskoj
ugrozi, ali i prodoru kuge preko sanitarnog kordona. Iako se kuga više puta
...javljala u neposrednoj blizini Slavonije i Srijema, nije uvijek prešla državnu
granicu. No, uz sve mjere, zaraza je nekoliko puta pronašla put do
slavonsko-srijemskog prostora tijekom XVIII. stoljeća. Nameće se pitanje kakvi
to uvjeti moraju vladati da bi se kuga pojavila i održala na određenom
prostoru. Cilj rada je predstaviti uvjete na slavonsko-srijemskom prostoru u
kojima se kuga javljala tijekom epidemija tzv. erdeljske i iriške kuge. Kako je
za razvoj epidemije neke bolesti važna kolektivna otpornost, najprije je
napravljen kratki osvrt na imunitet Slavonaca i Srijemaca. Na to se nadovezuje osvrt
na smrtnost u odnosu na spol. Imunitet predstavlja proizvod brojnih čimbenika,
među kojima su ishrana i gladovanje. Upravo su ta dva čimbenika posebno
predstavljena u radu. Za razvoj bakterija i njihovih prijenosnika moraju se
osigurati određeni uvjeti u okolišu, koji su predstavljeni u cjelinama o vremenskim
uvjetima i čovjekovu okolišu. Nadalje, važnu ulogu u širenju epidemije imaju
prijenosnici, pa je posebna pažnja posvećena životinjama koje su dovedene u
korelaciju s kugom. S obzirom na to da su brojni suvremenici dovodili pojavu
kuge u korelaciju s potresom. dat je poseban osvrt na ove dvije pojave u
Slavoniji i Srijemu tijekom XVIII. stoljeća.
Slavonia and Syrmia, as border areas, of the Danube Monarchy were throughout the 18th century exposed to the threat not only of the Ottoman Empire but also of the inroads of the plague through the cordon sanitaire. Although the plague did appear several times in the immediate
vicinity of Slavonia and Syrmia, it did not always cross the state border. However, despite all measures, during the 18th century the infectious disease found its way to the Slavonian-Syrmian area. Hence, the question arises as to what conditions had to prevail for the plague to appear and spread within a certain area. The aim of the paper is to describe the conditions in the Slavonian-Syrmian area in which the plague appeared during the epidemics in Erdelj and Irig. Because herd immunity plays a significant role in the development of an epidemic, this paper first provides a short review on the immunity of the Slavonians and Syrmians, followed by a review of the mortality related to gender. Immunity is the result of numerous factors, among others, of diet and famine; in this paper particular attention has been paid to these two factors. The development of bacteria and their vectors requires certain environmental conditions, which are discussed in the chapters Weather Conditions and Human Environment. The vectors play a significant role in the spreading of an epidemic; hence, particular attention has been paid to animals in relation to the plague. In view of
the fact that numerous contemporaries referred to the correlation between the plague and the earthquake, a special review of these two factors in Slavonia and Syrmia during the 18th century has been provided.
Generalised Heegner cycles were introduced in Bertolini et al. (Duke Math J 162(6), 1033–1148, 2013) as a variant of Heegner cycles on Kuga–Sato varieties. The first main result of this article is a ...formula for the image of these cycles under the complex Abel–Jacobi map in terms of explicit line integrals of modular forms on the complex upper half-plane. The second main theorem uses this formula to show that the Chow group and the Griffiths group of the product of a Kuga–Sato variety with an elliptic curve with complex multiplication are not finitely generated. More precisely, it is shown that the subgroup generated by the image of generalised Heegner cycles has infinite rank in the group of null-homologous cycles modulo both rational and algebraic equivalence.
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