Knjiga o življenjskih zgodbah zapornic na Slovenskem je dobrodošel prispevek k razumevanju zaporniških in z njimi povezanih kontekstov, saj v luči konkretnih situacij dopolnjuje predstave, ki jih ...oblikujejo javna občila, kazenski dosjeji, medicinski spisi in drugi dokumenti. Zgodbe zapornic bodo morda komu delovale preveč subjektivno, da bi jim dal priložnost in jim pripisal zadostno verodostojnost. Tem dvomljivcem pa lahko v isti sapi povemo, da za vsakim medijskim poročilom, medicinskim zapisom ali kazensko dokumentacijo stoji človek ali skupina ljudi, ki so prav tako subjektivni akterji svojega časa, nosilci predsodkov in različnih stopenj družbene senzibilnosti. Hvalevredno je, da so lastne predsodke do zaporniških zgodb ozavestile tudi avtorice knjige. Iz njihovih uvodnih besed, pa tudi režijskih posegov v vsaki od posameznih zgodb odzvanja, da jih je izkušnja srečevanja in pogovorov z zapornicami obogatila. Verjamem, da ima zbirka pripovedi zapornic, ki je podana v tekočem, pogovornem slogu, ogromno spoznavnega potenciala, zato jo vsakomur toplo priporočam v branje in ogled – opremljena je namreč s pomenljivimi fotografskimi vtisi, ki delujejo kot pogled skozi ključavnično luknjo zaporniških vrat.
Članek obravnava spremenjen pristop k vrednotenju podeželske pokrajine. Državni organi pozdravljajo in podpirajo ekstenzifikacijo in opuščanje kmetijske produkcije in v la namen pripravljajo ustrezne ...programe.
Planšarstvo, pastirstvo, planinsko gospodarstvo, planinsko pašništvo, alpsko pastirstvo in podobno, so izrazi, s katerimi poskušamo označiti približno eno in isto. Če so ti izrazi nekoč vsebovali ...večjo identičnost v pomenskem smislu, pa so se v novejšem času vsebinske razlike med njimi povečale. Vsekakor pod vsemi temi izrazi ponavadi razumemo kombiniran obrat živinoreje v dolini in živinoreje na planinskih pasiščih - planinah. Z geografskega vidika je pri tem pomembno predvsem to, da je poleg vaškega zemljišča izrabljen v poletnem času tudi sezonsko poseljeni pas iznad stalnih bivališč. To problematiko proučuje gospodarska geografija, konkretno agrarna geografija. Z etnološkega vidika pa je pomembno, da je takšen gospodarski obrat pustil neizbrisljiv pečat v načinu življenja in kulturi prebivalcev naših Alp. Planšarstvo je namreč neposredno vezano na posebno skupino prebivalstva - pastirjev in drugega pastirskega osebja, ki so do danes bolj kot skoraj kjerkoli drugje močno obdržali nekatere arhaične prvine tako v materialni kot tudi v socialni kulturi. Kot takšno predstavlja seveda alpsko pastirstvo prvovrsten predmet raziskave predvsem vseh tistih etnologov, ki ne žele, da bi šle v pozabo nekatere zelo pomembne in tipične prvine v življenju slovenskega alpskega kmeta.
Ecosystem services modelling tools can help land managers and policy makers evaluate the impacts of alternative management options or changes in land use on the delivery of ecosystem services. As the ...variety and complexity of these tools increases, there is a need for comparative studies across a range of settings, allowing users to make an informed choice. Using examples of provisioning and regulating services (water supply, carbon storage and nutrient retention), we compare three spatially explicit tools – LUCI (Land Utilisation and Capability Indicator), ARIES (Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services) and InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs). Models were parameterised for the UK and applied to a temperate catchment with widely varying land use in North Wales. Although each tool provides quantitative mapped output, can be applied in different contexts, and can work at local or national scale, they differ in the approaches taken and underlying assumptions made. In this study, we focus on the wide range of outputs produced for each service and discuss the differences between each modelling tool. Model outputs were validated using empirical data for river flow, carbon and nutrient levels within the catchment. The sensitivity of the models to land-use change was tested using four scenarios of varying severity, evaluating the conversion of grassland habitat to woodland (0–30% of the landscape). We show that, while the modelling tools provide broadly comparable quantitative outputs, each has its own unique features and strengths. Therefore the choice of tool depends on the study question.
Display omitted
•Ecosystem service decision support tools range in complexity and sophistication.•We compared three spatial ecosystem service tools: ARIES, InVEST and LUCI.•Models were run for water supply, carbon storage and nutrient retention services.•All three tools performed similarly, but have different strengths.•As each tool has unique features, choice of model depends on study question.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Over the past decade, critical care ultrasound has gained its place in the armamentarium of monitoring tools. A greater understanding of lung, abdominal, and vascular ultrasound plus easier access to ...portable machines have revolutionised the bedside assessment of our ICU patients. Because ultrasound is not only a diagnostic test, but can also be seen as a component of the physical exam, it has the potential to become the stethoscope of the 21st century. Critical care ultrasound is a combination of simple protocols, with lung ultrasound being a basic application, allowing assessment of urgent diagnoses in combination with therapeutic decisions. The LUCI (Lung Ultrasound in the Critically Ill) consists of the identification of ten signs: the bat sign (pleural line); lung sliding (seashore sign); the A-lines (horizontal artefact); the quad sign and sinusoid sign indicating pleural effusion; the fractal and tissue-like sign indicating lung consolidation; the B-lines and lung rockets indicating interstitial syndromes; abolished lung sliding with the stratosphere sign suggesting pneumothorax; and the lung point indicating pneumothorax. Two more signs, the lung pulse and the dynamic air bronchogram, are used to distinguish atelectasis from pneumonia. The BLUE protocol (Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency) is a fast protocol (< 3 minutes), also including a vascular (venous) analysis allowing differential diagnosis in patients with acute respiratory failure. With this protocol, it becomes possible to differentiate between pulmonary oedema, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and pneumothorax, each showing specific ultrasound patterns and profiles. The FALLS protocol (Fluid Administration Limited by Lung Sonography) adapts the BLUE protocol to be used in patients with acute circulatory failure. It makes a sequential search for obstructive, cardiogenic, hypovolemic, and distributive shock using simple real-time echocardiography in combination with lung ultrasound, with the appearance of B-lines considered to be the endpoint for fluid therapy. An advantage of lung ultrasound is that the patient is not exposed to radiation, and so the LUCI-FLR project (LUCI favouring limitation of radiation) can be unfolded in trauma patients. Although it has been practiced for 25 years, critical care ultrasound is a relatively young but expanding discipline and can be seen as the stethoscope of the modern intensivist. In this review, the usefulness and advantages of ultrasound in the critical care setting are discussed in ten points. The emphasis is on a holistic approach, with a central role for lung ultrasound.
Root-knot nematodes from the genus
are polyphagous plant endoparasites and agricultural pests of global importance. Here, we report the high-quality genome sequence of
population SI-Smartno V13. The ...resulting genome assembly of
SI-Smartno V13 consists of 327 contigs, with an N50 contig length of 1,711,905 bp and a total assembly length of 209.16 Mb.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Understanding the complex impacts of human settlement patterns on social and natural systems is critical for immediate and long-term policy decisions and ecosystem preservation. Land-use patterns can ...be conceptualized as a form of integrated natural-human system within urban regions. However, extant scholarship on urban development and sprawl often overlooks the institutional diversity which exists across countries and regions. Development and land-use are politically charged governance issues, and these studies have rarely examined the influences of local political institutions on land-use changes across countries and over time. To help build cumulative knowledge on such urban systems, this study examines landscape change in Poland, which has undergone significant institutional evolution since the fall of the Soviet Union. Drawing from the urban and social-ecological systems (SES) literatures, we estimate spatio-temporal models of the interactive effects of socio-economic and political variables on land-use intensity. Consistent with an SES approach, the analysis finds that characteristics of the institutional design of land-use regulation – local autonomy, the productivity of the resource, and the predictability of land-use dynamics – influence more-intensive landscape changes over the study period (2006–2018). Specifically, both the electoral stability of the mayor and wealth of the community have a positive interactive effect on the conversion of landscapes to more urban uses. Development is also influenced by spatial and temporal dependency, and the availability of European Union “cohesion” investments intended to address economic inequality and promote sustainable development. The findings advance our understanding of the complexity of urban land-use patterns and sustainability goals.
•The theoretical framework draws on the urban and social-ecological systems (SES) literatures.•The Copernicus database is used to calculate the proportion of land use changes towards more intensive uses in municipalities.•Spatio-temporal models are employed to predict increases in land-use intensity.•Features of the institutional design of land-use regulation influenced landscape changes towards more-intensive uses (2006–2018).•Land use intensification is also triggered by the availability of European Union Cohesion Funds to address economic inequality.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•We applied three ecosystem service models (InVEST, LUCI, NC-Model) to a common study area.•We compared three urban ecosystem services quantified for the current situation and two scenarios.•We found ...positive correlations but also systematic differences between model outputs for a given service.•Models also responded differently to the scenarios.•We recommend more systematic assessments of uncertainty in urban ecosystem service modelling.
The (re)integration of nature into cities has been a progressively promoted strategy to foster sustainable urbanization. To quantify the ecosystem services (ES) provided by urban nature, spatially explicit ES modeling is a key method. However, particularly in absence of independent validation data, there is a clear need for multi-model assessments in order to better understand uncertainties in model outcomes. Here we applied three commonly used open-source ES models (i.e., InVEST, LUCI, NC-Model) to quantify three key urban ES (i.e., local temperature regulation, flood protection and global climate regulation) using the city of The Hague (The Netherlands) as a case study. We quantified the three ES for the current situation and under two hypothetical scenarios representing changes in the amount of vegetation within the city. We found mostly positive correlations between the estimates for a given ES (Spearman’s ρ from 0.11 to 0.84). Yet, our comparison also revealed systematic differences in the ES indicator values between the ES models, as well as different responses to the scenarios. These differences may stem from differences in model structure (i.e., differences in biophysical processes accounted for) and model parameterization (i.e., differences in the value used to quantify a given biophysical process). To further advance urban ES modeling, we recommend i) to improve the representation of urban nature (e.g., green roofs, bioswales, gardens) and urban-specific conditions and processes (e.g., drainage systems, building patterns, soil characteristics) in urban ES models and ii) to systematically account for uncertainty in (urban) ES assessments (e.g., through multi-model assessments).
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PDF
